List of political parties in Egypt
Encyclopedia
By its constitution, Egypt
has a multi-party system, however in practice the National Democratic Party
was the long-time ruling party and dominated the Egyptian political arena up until the Egyptian Revolution in 2011 which ousted NDP President
Hosni Mubarak
. Under Mubarak, opposition parties were allowed, but were widely considered to have no real chance of gaining power. As of February 11, 2011, the Supreme Council of the Armed Forces
has governed Egypt.
On March 28, 2011, the Council introduced the Political Party Law which eases restrictions on the legal establishment of new political parties in Egypt. The legislation has still however been criticized as discriminatory. Under the law new parties are now required to have at least 5000 members from at least ten of Egypt's provinces
. Originally new parties were only required to have 1000 members. This would make it harder for new parties to form before parliamentary elections scheduled for September 2011. And new party leaders are required to raise at least LE
1 million to publish the names of the founding members in two widely-circulated dailies, seen as favoring wealthier interests. Also no parties are able to form on the basis of religion
or class
, ruling out the formation of Islamic
and labor parties.
The National Party, not to be confused with the later National Democratic Party (NDP), was the first party, formed in 1907 by Scott Crawford. In less than ten years, there was a great variety in these parties; in their nature, formation, organization, power, their popular base and platforms. There were national parties, groups dominated by the royal palace, others formed by the occupation authority as well as ideological parties expressing certain ideologies.
In 1907 - 1920, the already-formed political parties in Egypt were a starting signal for the dissemination of further parties; however, they were restricted due to the British
occupation and Egyptian subordination to the Ottoman Empire
. The February 1922 Unilateral Declaration of Egyptian Independence
and the issuance of the 1923 Constitution
led to the establishment of a royal constitutional rule based on party pluralism and the principles of liberal democracy.
During 1923 - 1952, Egypt
witnessed a remarkable experience rich in political and democratic practices, however, such an experience was marked with many defects such as the British occupation, foreign intervention in Egypt's affairs and the royal palace's interference in political life. With the outbreak of the July 1952 Revolution
, the Egyptian regime worked to liquidate the opposition. In January 1953, an enactment was adopted on disbanding the political parties and adoption of the one-party rule. The enactment of the parties' law in 1977 demonstrated Egypt's political regime officially turned into the era of party pluralism.
. There are currently over 20 registered political parties in Egypt. Groups are sometimes associated with the political left
or right
, especially in international circles, according to their stance on issues. While the current Egyptian constitution prohibits the formation of political parties based on religion, there are parties that seek to establish Islamic sharia
laws, or uphold the article in the constitution that states that sharia law is the main source of legislation, and others that support the formation of a secular state. The following is a categorization of political parties based on their social, economical, and political orientation, as well as their legal status :
Egypt
Egypt , officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, Arabic: , is a country mainly in North Africa, with the Sinai Peninsula forming a land bridge in Southwest Asia. Egypt is thus a transcontinental country, and a major power in Africa, the Mediterranean Basin, the Middle East and the Muslim world...
has a multi-party system, however in practice the National Democratic Party
National Democratic Party (Egypt)
The National Democratic Party , often simply called Al-Ḥizb al-Waṭaniy – the "National Party", was an Egyptian political party. It was founded by President Anwar El Sadat in 1978....
was the long-time ruling party and dominated the Egyptian political arena up until the Egyptian Revolution in 2011 which ousted NDP President
President of Egypt
The President of the Arab Republic of Egypt is the head of state of Egypt.Under the Constitution of Egypt, the president is also the supreme commander of the armed forces and head of the executive branch of the Egyptian government....
Hosni Mubarak
Hosni Mubarak
Muhammad Hosni Sayyid Mubarak is a former Egyptian politician and military commander. He served as the fourth President of Egypt from 1981 to 2011....
. Under Mubarak, opposition parties were allowed, but were widely considered to have no real chance of gaining power. As of February 11, 2011, the Supreme Council of the Armed Forces
Supreme Council of the Armed Forces
The Supreme Council of the Armed Forces consists of a body of 20 senior officers in the Egyptian military. As a consequence of the Egyptian Revolution of 2011, the Council took the power to govern Egypt from its departing President Hosni Mubarak on February 11, 2011.The junta meets regularly, as...
has governed Egypt.
On March 28, 2011, the Council introduced the Political Party Law which eases restrictions on the legal establishment of new political parties in Egypt. The legislation has still however been criticized as discriminatory. Under the law new parties are now required to have at least 5000 members from at least ten of Egypt's provinces
Governorates of Egypt
Egypt is divided for administrative purposes into 27 governorates . Egyptian governorates are the top tier of the country's five-tier jurisdiction hierarchy. A governorate is administered by a governor, who is appointed by the President of Egypt and serves at the president's discretion...
. Originally new parties were only required to have 1000 members. This would make it harder for new parties to form before parliamentary elections scheduled for September 2011. And new party leaders are required to raise at least LE
Egyptian pound
The Egyptian Pound is the currency of Egypt. It is divided into 100 Qirsh , or 1,000 Milliemes ....
1 million to publish the names of the founding members in two widely-circulated dailies, seen as favoring wealthier interests. Also no parties are able to form on the basis of religion
Religion
Religion is a collection of cultural systems, belief systems, and worldviews that establishes symbols that relate humanity to spirituality and, sometimes, to moral values. Many religions have narratives, symbols, traditions and sacred histories that are intended to give meaning to life or to...
or class
Social class
Social classes are economic or cultural arrangements of groups in society. Class is an essential object of analysis for sociologists, political scientists, economists, anthropologists and social historians. In the social sciences, social class is often discussed in terms of 'social stratification'...
, ruling out the formation of Islamic
Islamic party
An Islamic party is a party that works for promoting Islam while an Islamic political party is a political party that promotes Islam as a political movement by offering nominees for election in a democracy - of which there are several in the Islamic world. They are important to distinguish from...
and labor parties.
History
Emergence of political parties in Egypt in the 20th century was a reflection of social, economic and cultural interactions as well as certain historical, national and political circumstances, leading to the creation and development of modern institutions of government administration and society, such as the parliament, cabinets, political parties, syndicates, etc. This emergence has been gradual and has gone through successive stages. Political parties have firstly been formed as secret societies that were followed by formation of political groups.The National Party, not to be confused with the later National Democratic Party (NDP), was the first party, formed in 1907 by Scott Crawford. In less than ten years, there was a great variety in these parties; in their nature, formation, organization, power, their popular base and platforms. There were national parties, groups dominated by the royal palace, others formed by the occupation authority as well as ideological parties expressing certain ideologies.
In 1907 - 1920, the already-formed political parties in Egypt were a starting signal for the dissemination of further parties; however, they were restricted due to the British
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
occupation and Egyptian subordination to the Ottoman Empire
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman EmpireIt was usually referred to as the "Ottoman Empire", the "Turkish Empire", the "Ottoman Caliphate" or more commonly "Turkey" by its contemporaries...
. The February 1922 Unilateral Declaration of Egyptian Independence
Unilateral Declaration of Egyptian Independence
The Unilateral Declaration of Egyptian Independence was issued by the government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland on 28 February 1922...
and the issuance of the 1923 Constitution
1923 Constitution of Egypt
The 1923 Constitution was a constitution of Egypt during the period 1923-1952. It was replaced by the 1930 Constitution for a 5-year period before being restored in 1935. It adopted the parliamentary representative system based on separation of and cooperation among authorities...
led to the establishment of a royal constitutional rule based on party pluralism and the principles of liberal democracy.
During 1923 - 1952, Egypt
Egypt
Egypt , officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, Arabic: , is a country mainly in North Africa, with the Sinai Peninsula forming a land bridge in Southwest Asia. Egypt is thus a transcontinental country, and a major power in Africa, the Mediterranean Basin, the Middle East and the Muslim world...
witnessed a remarkable experience rich in political and democratic practices, however, such an experience was marked with many defects such as the British occupation, foreign intervention in Egypt's affairs and the royal palace's interference in political life. With the outbreak of the July 1952 Revolution
1952 Revolution
The Egyptian Revolution of 1952 , also known as the 23 July Revolution, began on 23 July 1952, with a military coup d'état by the Free Officers Movement, a group of army officers led by Muhammad Naguib and Gamal Abdel Nasser. The revolution was initially aimed at overthrowing King Farouk...
, the Egyptian regime worked to liquidate the opposition. In January 1953, an enactment was adopted on disbanding the political parties and adoption of the one-party rule. The enactment of the parties' law in 1977 demonstrated Egypt's political regime officially turned into the era of party pluralism.
Political parties and groups
Egyptian politics are subject to unique circumstances and often defy simple classification in terms of the political spectrumPolitical spectrum
A political spectrum is a way of modeling different political positions by placing them upon one or more geometric axes symbolizing independent political dimensions....
. There are currently over 20 registered political parties in Egypt. Groups are sometimes associated with the political left
Left-wing politics
In politics, Left, left-wing and leftist generally refer to support for social change to create a more egalitarian society...
or right
Right-wing politics
In politics, Right, right-wing and rightist generally refer to support for a hierarchical society justified on the basis of an appeal to natural law or tradition. To varying degrees, the Right rejects the egalitarian objectives of left-wing politics, claiming that the imposition of equality is...
, especially in international circles, according to their stance on issues. While the current Egyptian constitution prohibits the formation of political parties based on religion, there are parties that seek to establish Islamic sharia
Sharia
Sharia law, is the moral code and religious law of Islam. Sharia is derived from two primary sources of Islamic law: the precepts set forth in the Quran, and the example set by the Islamic prophet Muhammad in the Sunnah. Fiqh jurisprudence interprets and extends the application of sharia to...
laws, or uphold the article in the constitution that states that sharia law is the main source of legislation, and others that support the formation of a secular state. The following is a categorization of political parties based on their social, economical, and political orientation, as well as their legal status :
The known parties of Egypt
| Party name English | Party name Arabic | Social orientation | Economical orientation | Political orientation | Legal status | Founded | Role in Egyptian Revolution Egyptian Revolution Egyptian revolution may refer to:* Egyptian revolution of 2011, a series of mass popular protests leading to the resignation of Hosni Mubarak* Egyptian revolution of 1952, led by Muhammad Naguib, Gamal Abdel Nasser, and the Free Officers Movement... |
Supported by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| National Democratic Party National Democratic Party The National Democratic Party could refer to* Afar National Democratic Party* Kamerun National Democratic Party* National Democratic Party * National Democratic Party * National Democratic Party... |
Al-Hizb al-Watany ad-Dimuqraty لحزب الوطني الديمقراطىا | Liberal | Centrist | Secular, Authoritarian, Nationalist, Arab Socialism Arab socialism Arab socialism is a political ideology based on an amalgamation of Pan-Arabism and socialism. Arab socialism is distinct from the much broader tradition of socialist thought in the Arab world, which predates Arab socialism by as much as fifty years... , Militarist |
Dissolved by the court on April 16, 2011 | 1978 | Opposed | Egyptian Military, Hosni Mubarak Hosni Mubarak Muhammad Hosni Sayyid Mubarak is a former Egyptian politician and military commander. He served as the fourth President of Egypt from 1981 to 2011.... , Western Countries, Arab Countries |
| Egyptian Current Party Egyptian Current Party The Egyptian Current Party is an Egyptian political party, founded after the revolution of 2011. It was formed by a portion of the Muslim Brotherhood's youth wing... |
Al-Tayyar Al-Masry لحزبا | Moderate Moderate In politics and religion, a moderate is an individual who is not extreme, partisan or radical. In recent years, political moderates has gained traction as a buzzword.... |
Centrist | Non-secular, Democratic | Registered | 2011 | Supported | youth branch of Muslim Brotherhood Muslim Brotherhood The Society of the Muslim Brothers is the world's oldest and one of the largest Islamist parties, and is the largest political opposition organization in many Arab states. It was founded in 1928 in Egypt by the Islamic scholar and schoolteacher Hassan al-Banna and by the late 1940s had an... |
| Egyptian Arab Union Party | Hizb Al Etehad Al Masry Al Araby حزب الإتحاد المصرى العربى | Centrist | Secular | Registered | 4-2011 | |||
| Justice Party Justice Party (Egypt) Hizb ElAdl , translated in English as the Justice Party is a political party in Egypt. It was founded after the 2011 Egyptian revolution by a group of people from different movements that lead to the revolution including the April 6 Movement, the National Association for Change and Kefaya.- History... |
Hizb Al-Adl حزب العدل | Liberal | Centrist | Secular | Registered | 5-2011 | Supported | April 6 Movement, National Association for Change National Association for Change National Association for Change is a loose grouping of the various Egyptian of all political affiliations and religion, men and women, including representatives of civil society and young people aims to change Egypt. There was general agreement on the need to unite all the voices calling for... , Kefaya |
| Arab Democratic Nasserist Party | Al-Hizb Al-Arabi Al-Democrati Al-Nasseri الحزب العربى الديمقراطى الناصرى | Liberal | Far Left Far left Far left, also known as the revolutionary left, radical left and extreme left are terms which refer to the highest degree of leftist positions among left-wing politics... |
Secular | Registered | 19-4-1992 | ||
| Center Party Al-Wasat Party Hizb al-Wasat al-Jadid , translated in English as the New Center Party but more commonly known as al-Wasat Party, is a moderate Islamic political party in Egypt.- Foundation :... |
Hizb Al-Wasat حزب الوسط الجديد | Liberal | Centrist | Non-secular | Officially recognized in 2011 | 1996 | Supported | a liberal group that broke away from the Muslim Brotherhood Muslim Brotherhood The Society of the Muslim Brothers is the world's oldest and one of the largest Islamist parties, and is the largest political opposition organization in many Arab states. It was founded in 1928 in Egypt by the Islamic scholar and schoolteacher Hassan al-Banna and by the late 1940s had an... |
| Conservative Party Conservative Party (Egypt) - Platform :* To achieve greater productivity.* To universalize the concepts of citizenship.* To protect Egyptian industries.* To reform education policies.* To pursue political and economic reform policies.* To activate social reforms.... |
Hizb Al-Mohafiz الحزب المحافظ | Conservative | Right | Non-secular | Registered | 12-3-2006 | ||
| Democratic Front Party Democratic Front Party (Egypt) -Foundation:The party was founded in 2007 by Osama Al Ghazali Harb, a former member of the Egypt's National Democratic Party and Member of the Shura Council, and Yehia El Gamal, a former minister of the Cabinet of Egypt.-Ideology:... |
Hizb Al-Gabha Al-Democratia حزب الجبهة الديمقراطية | Liberal | Right | Secular | Registered | 24-5-2007 | ||
| Democratic Generation Party Democratic Generation Party The Democratic Generation Party or Hizb El-Geel al-Democrati is a political party in Egypt. The Democratic Generation Party might be considered as a liberal party.- Platform :... |
Hizb Al-Geel Al-Democrati حزب الجيل الديمقراطي | Liberal | Right | Secular Liberal democracy Liberal democracy Liberal democracy, also known as constitutional democracy, is a common form of representative democracy. According to the principles of liberal democracy, elections should be free and fair, and the political process should be competitive... |
Registered | 9-2-2002 | ||
| Democratic Peace Party Democratic Peace Party The Democratic Peace Party is a small Egyptian political party and one of the most recently formed. According to its chairman on Al-Faraeen TV he stated that there are about one million members in the party... |
Hizb Al-Salam Al-Democrati | Liberal | Right | Secular | Registered | 2-7-2005 | ||
| The Democratic Unionist Party Democratic Union Party (Egypt) The Democratic Unionist Party is an Egyptian political party, with a membership of around 215 members... |
Al-Hizb Al-Itahadi Al-Democrati | Liberal | Left | Secular | Registered | 14-4-1990 | ||
| Dignity Party Dignity Party (Egypt) The Dignity Party is a left-wing Nasserist political party founded in Egypt in 1996.... |
Hizb Al-Karama حزب الكرامة | Liberal | Far Left Far left Far left, also known as the revolutionary left, radical left and extreme left are terms which refer to the highest degree of leftist positions among left-wing politics... |
Non-Secular | Awaiting license | Unknown | ||
| Egypt 2000 Party Egypt 2000 Party The Egypt 2000 Party is an Egyptian political party with a membership of around 165 members.The party nominated its head Dr. Fawzy Khalil Ghazal to run for Egypt's first multi-candidate presidential elections.- Goals :... |
Hizb Misr 2000 | Left | Secular | Registered | 7-4-2001 | |||
| Egyptian Social Democratic Party Egyptian Social Democratic Party The Egyptian Social Democratic Party is a left liberal party in Egypt which was founded after the 2011 Egyptian Revolution by the merger of two minor liberal parties, the Egyptian Democratic Party, and the Liberal Egyptian Party on 29 March 2011... |
Hizb ElMasri ElDemocrati ElEktemaii الحزب المصري الديمقراطي الاجتماعي | Liberal | Left | Secular Liberal democracy Liberal democracy Liberal democracy, also known as constitutional democracy, is a common form of representative democracy. According to the principles of liberal democracy, elections should be free and fair, and the political process should be competitive... |
Registered | 2011 | ||
| Egyptian Communist Party Egyptian Communist Party The Egyptian Communist Party is a political party in Egypt, formed in 1975 by a number of members of the former Egyptian Communist Party. Under the regimes of Presidents Anwar Sadat and Hosni Mubarak the new Communist Party faced state repression and was barred from running in elections. The... |
Al-Hizb Al-Sheyoo'ey Al-Masry الحزب الشيوعي المصري | Conservative | Far left Far left Far left, also known as the revolutionary left, radical left and extreme left are terms which refer to the highest degree of leftist positions among left-wing politics... |
Secular | Registered | 1975 | ||
| Egypt Youth Party Egypt Youth Party The Egypt Youth Party is a small democratic secular political party in Egypt.-External links:* at sis.gov.eg... |
Hizb Shabab Misr | Liberal | Right | Secular | Registered | 2-7-2005 | ||
| Egyptian Arab Socialist Party Egyptian Arab Socialist Party The Egyptian Arab Socialist Party is an Egyptian Arab-Nationalist and Islamic socialist party with some 750 members.The party generally presses for preserving gains of the Egyptian Revolution of 1952.The party nominated its head, Mr... |
Hizb Misr Al-Arabi Al-Ashtaraki | Left | Non-secular | Registered | 7-7-1977 | |||
| Free Egyptians Party | Hizb Al-Masreen Al-Ahrar حزب المصريين الاحرار | Liberal | Right | Secular | Registered | 2011 | ||
| Al Nour Party Al Nour Party Al Nour Party is a Salafi Islamist political party in Egypt. The party was established after the 25 January, 2011 Egyptian Revolution.- Political orientation :... |
Hizb El-Nour حزب النور | Conservative | Right | Non-secular, Islamist (Salafi Islam Salafi A Salafi come from Sunni Islam is a follower of an Islamic movement, Salafiyyah, that is supposed to take the Salaf who lived during the patristic period of early Islam as model examples... ) |
Registered | 2011 | Didn't support | Salafi Salafi A Salafi come from Sunni Islam is a follower of an Islamic movement, Salafiyyah, that is supposed to take the Salaf who lived during the patristic period of early Islam as model examples... , Saudi Arabia Saudi Arabia The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia , commonly known in British English as Saudi Arabia and in Arabic as as-Sa‘ūdiyyah , is the largest state in Western Asia by land area, constituting the bulk of the Arabian Peninsula, and the second-largest in the Arab World... (alleged) |
| Free Republican Party Free Republican Party (Egypt) The Free Republican Party or Al-Hizb al-Gomhory al-Ahrar is a political party in Egypt. The Free Republican Party might be considered as a liberal party.- Platform :* Upholding Islamic Sharia as the main source of legislation.... |
Al-Hizb Al-Gomhory Al-Hor الحزب الجمهوري الحر | Liberal | Right | Non-secular | Registered | 4-7-2006 | ||
| Free Social Constitutional Party Free Social Constitutional Party The Free Social Constitutional Party or Al-Hizb Al-Distouri is a political party in Egypt. The Free Social Constitutional Party might be considered as a liberal party.- Platform :* Drafting a new Constitution.* Reforming education.... |
Al-Hizb Al-Distouri الحزب الدستوري الاجتماعي الحر | Liberal | Right | Secular Liberal democracy Liberal democracy Liberal democracy, also known as constitutional democracy, is a common form of representative democracy. According to the principles of liberal democracy, elections should be free and fair, and the political process should be competitive... |
Registered | 24-11-2004 | ||
| Freedom and Justice Party Freedom and Justice Party (Egypt) The Freedom and Justice Party , is an Islamist political party in Egypt. The party is nominally independent but has strong links to the Muslim Brotherhood of Egypt, the largest and best organized political group in Egypt... |
Hizb Al-Horriya Wal-Adala حزب الحرية والعدالة | Conservative | Centrist | Non-secular (Sunni Islam Sunni Islam Sunni Islam is the largest branch of Islam. Sunni Muslims are referred to in Arabic as ʾAhl ūs-Sunnah wa āl-Ǧamāʿah or ʾAhl ūs-Sunnah for short; in English, they are known as Sunni Muslims, Sunnis or Sunnites.... ), Moderate Islamic Democracy Islamic democracy Islamic democracy refers to two kinds of democratic states that can be recognized in the Islamic countries. The basis of this distinction has to do with how comprehensively Islam is incorporated into the affairs of the state.... (similar to Turkey Turkey Turkey , known officially as the Republic of Turkey , is a Eurasian country located in Western Asia and in East Thrace in Southeastern Europe... ) |
Registered | 21-2-2011 | Supported | Muslim Brotherhood Muslim Brotherhood The Society of the Muslim Brothers is the world's oldest and one of the largest Islamist parties, and is the largest political opposition organization in many Arab states. It was founded in 1928 in Egypt by the Islamic scholar and schoolteacher Hassan al-Banna and by the late 1940s had an... |
| Freedom Egypt Party Freedom Egypt Party The Freedom Egypt Party is a political party in Egypt which was founded on 18 May 2011 by Amr Hamzawy and a group of Egyptian youth after the Egyptian Revolution of 2011.-External links:*... |
Hizb Masr Alhureyya حزب مصر الحرية | Liberal | Right | Secular Liberal democracy Liberal democracy Liberal democracy, also known as constitutional democracy, is a common form of representative democracy. According to the principles of liberal democracy, elections should be free and fair, and the political process should be competitive... |
Registered | 18-5-2011 | Supported | |
| Green Party of Egypt Green Party of Egypt The Green Party of Egypt is a Green political party in Egypt. The party presses for protection and promotion of the ecological system and optimal use of resources... |
Hizb Al-Khodr | Liberal | Right | Secular | Registered | 14-4-1990 | ||
| Liberal Egyptian Party Liberal Egyptian Party Liberal Egyptian Party , formerly Mother Egypt Party, is a grassroots movement and a secular,conservative liberalpolitical party in Egypt... |
Al-Hizb Al-Misri Al-Liberali الحزب المصري الليبرالي | Liberal | Right | Secular Liberal democracy Liberal democracy Liberal democracy, also known as constitutional democracy, is a common form of representative democracy. According to the principles of liberal democracy, elections should be free and fair, and the political process should be competitive... |
Awaiting license | Unknown | ||
| Liberal Party Liberal Party (Egypt) The Liberal Party or Hizb al-Ahrar is a political party in Egypt. In the 2000 parliamentary elections, the party won 1 out of 444 seats in the Majlis al-Sha'ab... |
Hizb Al-Ahrar | Liberal | Right | Non-secular | Registered | 7-7-1977 | ||
| National Conciliation Party National Conciliation Party (Egypt) The National Conciliation Party is a small Egyptian political party with a membership of some 185 members. The party presses for reaching a solution to the Palestinian issue. It also calls for achieving an Arab economic integration, establishing the common Arab market and maintaining the Arab... |
Hizb Al-Wifak Al-Watany | Conservative | Left | Secular | Registered | 2-3-2000 | ||
| National Progressive Unionist Party National Progressive Unionist Party The National Progressive Unionist Party is a socialist political party in Egypt. The party is considered to be the defender of the principles of the 1952 Revolution... |
Hizb Al-Tagammo' Al-Watani Al-Taqadommi Al-Wahdwawi حزب التجمع الوطني التقدمي الوحدوي | Conservative | Left | Secular | Registered | 7-7-1977 | ||
| The Nation's Party (Egypt) Umma Party (Egypt) The Umma Party is a small Egyptian political party with a total membership of around 185 members. The party platform presses for promoting socialist democracy and adopting the Islamic sharia as the main source of legislation... |
Hizb Al-Umma حزب الأمة | Conservative | Left | Non-secular | Registered | 26-5-1983 | ||
| New Wafd Party New Wafd Party The New Wafd Party is a nationalist liberal party in Egypt.It is the extension of one of the oldest and historically most active political parties in Egypt, Wafd Party, which was dismantled after the 1952 Revolution. The New Wafd was re-established in 1983... |
Hizb Al-Wafd Al-Gadid حزب الوفد الجديد | Liberal | Centrist | Secular Liberal democracy Liberal democracy Liberal democracy, also known as constitutional democracy, is a common form of representative democracy. According to the principles of liberal democracy, elections should be free and fair, and the political process should be competitive... |
Registered | 4-2-1978 | ||
| Party of Liberation Hizb ut-Tahrir Hizb ut-Tahrir is an international Sunni. pan-Islamic political organisation but keeps it open for all including shias,some of its beliefs are against sunni school of thought, whose goal is for all Muslim countries to unify as an Islamic state or caliphate ruled by Islamic law and with a caliph... |
Hizb Al-Tahrir حِزْبُ التَحْرِير | Conservative | Right | Non-secular, Islamism Islamism Islamism also , lit., "Political Islam" is set of ideologies holding that Islam is not only a religion but also a political system. Islamism is a controversial term, and definitions of it sometimes vary... |
Non-registered/banned | 1953/1974 | ||
| The People's Democratic Party The People's Democratic Party The People's Democratic Party is an Egyptian political party of approximately 275 members headed by Ahmed Abdel Azem Kamel. The party is currently frozen. The party fielded one candidate in the 2000 legislative elections.-External links:... |
Hizb Al-Shaab Al-Democraty | Liberal | Right | Secular Liberal democracy Liberal democracy Liberal democracy, also known as constitutional democracy, is a common form of representative democracy. According to the principles of liberal democracy, elections should be free and fair, and the political process should be competitive... |
Currently frozen | 15-3-1992 | ||
| Popular Socialist Alliance Party Popular Democratic Alliance Party The Socialist Popular Alliance Party is a leftist party in Egypt formed shortly after the Egyptian Revolution of 2011. Its membership comprises many leftist organisations, mainly former members of the Tagammu Party who resigned, later joining the party after a split over the party's position on... |
Hizb Al-Tahaluf Al-Sha'bi Al-Ishtiraki حزب التحالف الشعبي الاشتراكي | Liberal | Far Left Far left Far left, also known as the revolutionary left, radical left and extreme left are terms which refer to the highest degree of leftist positions among left-wing politics... |
Secular | Registered | 2011 | ||
| Reform and Development Party | Hizb Al-Eslaah Wal-Tanmya | Liberal | Right | Secular | Registered | 2011 | ||
| Social Justice Party | Hizb Al-Adala Al-Igtemaa'yia | Conservative | Left | Non-secular | Registered | 6-6-1993 | ||
| Socialist Labour Party | Hizb Al-'Omal Al-Ishtraki حزب العمل الاشتراكى | Conservative | Left | Non-secular | Suspended | 11-12-1978 | ||
| Socialist Party of Egypt Socialist Party of Egypt The Egyptian Socialist Party is a new political party in Egypt which was founded by some Egyptian socialists after the 2011 Egyptian revolution.. The party was founded on June 18 at a conference attended by over 400 Egyptian & international socialists... |
ِAl-Hizb Al-Ishtiraki Al-Misri الحزب الاشتراكي المصري | Conservative | Left | Secular | Registered | 2011 | ||
| Solidarity Party Solidarity Party (Egypt) The Social Solidarity party is an Egyptian Islamist party with a membership of around 970 members. Five candidates affiliated with this party ran in the 2000 legislative elections.-External links:* at sis.gov.eg... |
Hizb Al-Takaful | Conservative | Right | Non-secular | Registered | 5-2-1995 | ||
| Tomorrow Party Tomorrow Party The el-Ghad Party is an active political party in Egypt that was granted license in October 2004. El-Ghad is a centrist liberal secular political party pressing for widening the scope of political participation and for a peaceful rotation of power.... |
Hizb Al-Ghad حزب الغد | Liberal | Centrist | Secular, Democratic | Registered | 27-10-2004 | Supported | |
| Workers Democratic Party Workers Democratic Party The Workers National Democratic Party also is a workers' political party in Egypt formed shortly after the Egyptian Revolution of 2011. It is backed by the Federation of Egyptian Trade Unions and forms part of the Coalition of Socialist Forces... |
Hizb Al-'Omal Al-Democrati حزب العمال الديمقراطي | Liberal | Left | Secular | Awaiting license | 2011 | ||
| Young Egypt Party | Hizb Misr Al-Fatah | Conservative | Left | Non-secular | Registered | 14-4-1990 | ||
The known groups of Egypt
| Group name (English) | Group name (Arabic) | Political orientation | Religious orientation | Legal status | Founded |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| April 6 Youth Movement April 6 Youth Movement The April 6 Youth Movement is an Egyptian Facebook group started in Spring 2008 to support the workers in El-Mahalla El-Kubra, an industrial town, who were planning to strike on April 6.... |
Harakt 6 Ebreel حركة 6 ابريل | Left-wing Left-wing politics In politics, Left, left-wing and leftist generally refer to support for social change to create a more egalitarian society... |
Unknown | Non-registered | 2008 |
| Enough | Kefaya كفاية | Left-wing | Unknown | Non-registered | 2004 |
| Human Movement for Reform and Change Party | Al-Harakah Al-Insaniyyah Lil-Islah Wal-Taghier | Unknown | Unknown | Awaiting license | Unknown |
| Society of the Muslim Brotherhood | Jama'at Al-Ikhwan Al-Muslimin الإخوان | Right-wing | Non-secular | Non-registered | 1928 |
| Coalition of the Youth of the Revolution Coalition of the Youth of the Revolution The Coalition of the Youth of the Revolution is a coalition of organisations of young people involved in the Egyptian Revolution of 2011.-Members:Members include:* The April 6 Youth Movement* A youth organisation of the Muslim Brotherhood... |
E'telaf Shabab Al-Thawra | Left-wing | Unknown | Non-registered | Unknown |
| National Association for Change National Association for Change National Association for Change is a loose grouping of the various Egyptian of all political affiliations and religion, men and women, including representatives of civil society and young people aims to change Egypt. There was general agreement on the need to unite all the voices calling for... |
Al-Jamyaa Al-Watanya Lel-Taghyeer الجمعية الوطنية للتغيير | Unknown | Unknown | Non-registered | Unknown |
| Revolutionary Socialists Revolutionary Socialists (Egypt) The Revolutionary Socialists are a Trotskyist organisation in Egypt aligned with the International Socialist Tendency. According to Mark LeVine, a professor of history at the University of California, the RS "played a crucial role organising Tahrir and now in the workers movement" post-President... |
Hizb Al-Ishtrakyyin Al-Thawryyin الاشتراكيون الثوريون | Far-left | Secular | Non-registered | 1995 |
The known political alliances of Egypt
| Alliance name (English) | Alliance name (Arabic) | Political orientation | Religious orientation | Legal status | Founded | Member parties |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| The Egyptian Bloc | الكتلة المصرية | Liberal democracy Liberal democracy Liberal democracy, also known as constitutional democracy, is a common form of representative democracy. According to the principles of liberal democracy, elections should be free and fair, and the political process should be competitive... , Secular |
Secular | Registered | 16 August 2011 | Free Egyptians Party, Egyptian Social Democratic Party Egyptian Social Democratic Party The Egyptian Social Democratic Party is a left liberal party in Egypt which was founded after the 2011 Egyptian Revolution by the merger of two minor liberal parties, the Egyptian Democratic Party, and the Liberal Egyptian Party on 29 March 2011... , National Progressive Unionist Party National Progressive Unionist Party The National Progressive Unionist Party is a socialist political party in Egypt. The party is considered to be the defender of the principles of the 1952 Revolution... |
| National Democratic Alliance for Egypt National Democratic Alliance for Egypt National Democratic Alliance for Egypt, or Democratic Alliance is a coalition of political parties in Egypt formed in the wake of the 2011 Revolution... |
التحالف الديمقراطي من أجل مصر | Nationalist, Islamist | Mainly Islamic | Registered | June 2011 | Freedom and Justice Party Freedom and Justice Party The Freedom and Justice Party could refer to* Freedom and Justice Party * Freedom and Justice Party... , Tomorrow Party Tomorrow Party The el-Ghad Party is an active political party in Egypt that was granted license in October 2004. El-Ghad is a centrist liberal secular political party pressing for widening the scope of political participation and for a peaceful rotation of power.... , Dignity Party |
| Coalition of Socialist Forces Coalition of Socialist Forces The Coalition of Socialist Forces is a coalition of five socialist and left-wing groups in Egypt formed on 10 May 2011. The different forces agreed to enter into a "socialist front" in order "to create a more dominant leftist force" in post-revolutionary Egypt... |
تحالف القوى الاشتراكية | Far-left | Secular | Non-registered | 10-5-2011 | Egyptian Communist Party Egyptian Communist Party The Egyptian Communist Party is a political party in Egypt, formed in 1975 by a number of members of the former Egyptian Communist Party. Under the regimes of Presidents Anwar Sadat and Hosni Mubarak the new Communist Party faced state repression and was barred from running in elections. The... , Popular Democratic Alliance Party Popular Democratic Alliance Party The Socialist Popular Alliance Party is a leftist party in Egypt formed shortly after the Egyptian Revolution of 2011. Its membership comprises many leftist organisations, mainly former members of the Tagammu Party who resigned, later joining the party after a split over the party's position on... , Revolutionary Socialists Revolutionary Socialists (Egypt) The Revolutionary Socialists are a Trotskyist organisation in Egypt aligned with the International Socialist Tendency. According to Mark LeVine, a professor of history at the University of California, the RS "played a crucial role organising Tahrir and now in the workers movement" post-President... , Socialist Party of Egypt Socialist Party of Egypt The Egyptian Socialist Party is a new political party in Egypt which was founded by some Egyptian socialists after the 2011 Egyptian revolution.. The party was founded on June 18 at a conference attended by over 400 Egyptian & international socialists... , Workers Democratic Party Workers Democratic Party The Workers National Democratic Party also is a workers' political party in Egypt formed shortly after the Egyptian Revolution of 2011. It is backed by the Federation of Egyptian Trade Unions and forms part of the Coalition of Socialist Forces... |
| The Revolution Continues Alliance The Revolution Continues Alliance The Revolution Continues Alliance , abbreviated to RCA, is a left-leaning, mostly secular electoral alliance in Egypt. It has been formed by two socialist, two liberal, and an Islamic party... |
تحالف الثورة مستمرة | Center-left | Mainly Secular | Unknown | 23 October 2011 | Freedom Egypt Party Freedom Egypt Party The Freedom Egypt Party is a political party in Egypt which was founded on 18 May 2011 by Amr Hamzawy and a group of Egyptian youth after the Egyptian Revolution of 2011.-External links:*... , Egyptian Current Party Egyptian Current Party The Egyptian Current Party is an Egyptian political party, founded after the revolution of 2011. It was formed by a portion of the Muslim Brotherhood's youth wing... , Socialist Popular Alliance Party, Egyptian Socialist Party, Egyptian Alliance Party, Equality and Development Party, Coalition of the Youth of the Revolution Coalition of the Youth of the Revolution The Coalition of the Youth of the Revolution is a coalition of organisations of young people involved in the Egyptian Revolution of 2011.-Members:Members include:* The April 6 Youth Movement* A youth organisation of the Muslim Brotherhood... |
| Islamic Alliance | Islamist (hardline Salafi Salafi A Salafi come from Sunni Islam is a follower of an Islamic movement, Salafiyyah, that is supposed to take the Salaf who lived during the patristic period of early Islam as model examples... ) |
Al Nour Party Al Nour Party Al Nour Party is a Salafi Islamist political party in Egypt. The party was established after the 25 January, 2011 Egyptian Revolution.- Political orientation :... , Building and Development Party, Authenticity |
External links
- Vote Compass Egypt Political compass for voting in Egyptian elections
- Al Jazeera English - Explainer: Egypt's crowded political arena Political parties and alliances in Egypt
- قائمة الأحزاب السياسية في مصر political parties in Egypt Official Website (Arabic)
- امسک فلول List of remnants from Hosni MubarakHosni MubarakMuhammad Hosni Sayyid Mubarak is a former Egyptian politician and military commander. He served as the fourth President of Egypt from 1981 to 2011....
's regime seeking election (Arabic)