List of noise topics - AbsoluteAstronomy.com

Engineering and physics

1/f noise
A-weighting
A-weighting
A Weighting curve is a graph of a set of factors, that are used to 'weight' measured values of a variable according to their importance in relation to some outcome. The most commonly known example is frequency weighting in sound level measurement where a specific set of weighting curves known as A,...
Ambient noise level
Ambient noise level
In atmospheric sounding and noise pollution, ambient noise level is the background sound pressure level at a given location, normally specified as a reference level to study a new intrusive sound source.Ambient sound levels are often measured in order to map sound conditions over a...
Antenna noise temperature
Antenna noise temperature
In telecommunication, antenna noise temperature is the temperature of a hypothetical resistor at the input of an ideal noise-free receiver that would generate the same output noise power per unit bandwidth as that at the antenna output at a specified frequency....
Artificial noise
Artificial noise
In the context of spectator sports, artificial noise is the use of artificial sound-making devices to show the audience's support.In organized sports' early years, noise, such as there was, came solely from the cheering of a team's supporters...
Audio noise reduction
Audio system measurements
Audio system measurements
Audio system measurements are made for several purposes. Designers take measurements so that they can specify the performance of a piece of equipment. Maintenance engineers make them to ensure equipment is still working to specification, or to ensure that the cumulative defects of an audio path are...
Bel
Bel
Bel can mean:* bel , a unit of ratio used in acoustics, electronics, etc. A derived unit of 1 decibel = 0.1 B is often used.* Bel , a Semitic deity * Belenus aka Bel; a Celtic deity...

, Bel (acoustics)
Black noise
Black Noise
Black Noise is a hip-hop crew hailing from the Cape Flats in Cape Town, South Africa. The crew, along with Prophets of da City , is credited with being a pioneer of Cape Town's 'conscious' hip-hop scene in the late 80s and early 90s. The crew's line-up has changed significantly since the early 90s,...
Blue noise
Burst noise
Burst noise
Burst noise is a type of electronic noise that occurs in semiconductors. It is also called popcorn noise, impulse noise, bi-stable noise, or random telegraph signal noise....
Carrier-to-receiver noise density
Carrier-to-receiver noise density
In satellite communications, carrier-to-receiver noise density is the ratio of the received carrier power to the receiver noise power density.The carrier-to-receiver noise density ratio is usually expressed in dBHz....
Channel noise level
Channel noise level
In telecommunications, the term channel noise level has the following meanings:#The ratio of the channel noise at any point in a transmission system to an arbitrary level chosen as a reference....
Circuit noise level
Circuit noise level
Circuit noise level: At any point in a transmission system, the ratio of the circuit noise at that point to an arbitrary level chosen as a reference....
Colors of noise
Colors of noise
While noise is by definition derived from a random signal, it can have different characteristic statistical properties corresponding to different mappings from a source of randomness to the concrete noise. Spectral density is such a property, which can be used to distinguish different types of noise...
Comfort noise
Comfort noise
Comfort noise is synthetic background noise used in radio and wireless communications to fill the artificial silence in a transmission resulting from voice activity detection or from the audio clarity of modern digital lines....
Comfort Noise Generator
Cosmic noise
Cosmic noise
Cosmic noise and galactic radio noise is random noise that originates outside the Earth's atmosphere. It can be detected and heard on radio receivers.- Elaboration :Cosmic noise characteristics are similar to those of thermal noise...
DBa
A-weighting
A Weighting curve is a graph of a set of factors, that are used to 'weight' measured values of a variable according to their importance in relation to some outcome. The most commonly known example is frequency weighting in sound level measurement where a specific set of weighting curves known as A,...
DBrn
DBrn
The symbol dBrn or dB is an abbreviation for decibels above reference noise.Weighted noise power in dB is referred to 1.0 picowatt. Thus, 0 dBrn = -90 dBm...
Decibel
Decibel
The decibel is a logarithmic unit that indicates the ratio of a physical quantity relative to a specified or implied reference level. A ratio in decibels is ten times the logarithm to base 10 of the ratio of two power quantities...
Detection theory
Detection theory
Detection theory, or signal detection theory, is a means to quantify the ability to discern between information-bearing energy patterns and random energy patterns that distract from the information Detection theory, or signal detection theory, is a means to quantify the ability to discern between...
Dither
Dither
Dither is an intentionally applied form of noise used to randomize quantization error, preventing large-scale patterns such as color banding in images...
Dynamic range
Dynamic range
Dynamic range, abbreviated DR or DNR, is the ratio between the largest and smallest possible values of a changeable quantity, such as in sound and light. It is measured as a ratio, or as a base-10 or base-2 logarithmic value.-Dynamic range and human perception:The human senses of sight and...
Effective input noise temperature
Effective input noise temperature
In telecommunications, effective input noise temperature is the source noise temperature in a two-port network or amplifier that will result in the same output noise power, when connected to a noise-free network or amplifier, as that of the actual network or amplifier connected to a noise-free source...
Environmental noise
Environmental noise
Environmental noise is the summary of noise from transport, industrial and recreational activities.The definition is pursuant to the directive 2002/49/EC article 10.1. This directive should give a common approach intended to avoid, prevent or reduce the harmful effects of environmental noise. The...
Equivalent noise resistance
Equivalent pulse code modulation noise
Equivalent pulse code modulation noise
In telecommunication, equivalent pulse code modulation noise is the amount of thermal noise power on a frequency-division multiplexing or wire channel necessary to approximate the same judgment of speech quality created by quantizing noise in a PCM channel....
Errors and residuals in statistics
Errors and residuals in statistics
In statistics and optimization, statistical errors and residuals are two closely related and easily confused measures of the deviation of a sample from its "theoretical value"...
Fixed pattern noise
Flicker noise
Flicker noise
Flicker noise is a type of electronic noise with a 1/ƒ, or pink power density spectrum. It is therefore often referred to as 1/ƒ noise or pink noise, though these terms have wider definitions...
Gaussian noise
Gaussian noise
Gaussian noise is statistical noise that has its probability density function equal to that of the normal distribution, which is also known as the Gaussian distribution. In other words, the values that the noise can take on are Gaussian-distributed. A special case is white Gaussian noise, in which...
Generation-recombination noise
Generation-recombination noise
Generation-Recombination noise, or g-r noise, is a type of electrical signal noise caused statistically by the fluctuation of the generation and recombination of electrons in semiconductor-based photon detectors.- See also :* Noise...
Image noise
Image noise
Image noise is random variation of brightness or color information in images, and is usually an aspect of electronic noise. It can be produced by the sensor and circuitry of a scanner or digital camera...
Image noise reduction
Intermodulation noise
Internet background noise
Internet background noise
Internet background noise consists of data packets on the Internet which are addressed to IP addresses or ports where there is no network device set up to receive them. These noise packets normally contain unsolicited commercial or network control messages, or are the result of port scans and...
ITU-R 468 noise weighting
ITU-R 468 noise weighting
ITU-R 468 is a standard relating to noise measurement, widely used when measuring noise in audio systems. The standard defines a weighting filter curve, together with a quasi-peak rectifier having special characteristics as defined by specified tone-burst tests...
Jansky noise
Johnson-Nyquist noise, Johnson noise
Line noise
Mode partition noise
Mode partition noise
Mode partition noise: In an optical communication link, is phase jitter of the signal caused by the combined effects of mode hopping in the optical source and intramodal distortion in the fiber....
Neuronal noise
Neuronal noise
Neuronal noise is the term that describes random activity of neurons that presumably is not associated with encoding of behaviorally relevant variables. Many neuroscientists consider neuronal noise a factor that limits the capacity of information processing by the brain...
Noise
Noise
In common use, the word noise means any unwanted sound. In both analog and digital electronics, noise is random unwanted perturbation to a wanted signal; it is called noise as a generalisation of the acoustic noise heard when listening to a weak radio transmission with significant electrical noise...
- Noise (audio)
  Noise (audio)
  Noise in audio, recording, and broadcast systems refers to the residual low level sound that is heard in quiet periods of a programme....
- Noise (economic)
  Noise (economic)
  Economic noise, or simply noise, describes a theory of pricing developed by Fischer Black. To Black, noise is the opposite of information. Sometimes it's hype, other times it's inaccurate ideas, other times it's inaccurate data; noise has many forms...
- Noise (electronic)
- Noise (environmental)
- Noise (physics)
- Noise (radio)
  Noise (radio)
  In radio reception, noise is the superposition of white noise and other disturbing influences on the signal, caused either by thermal noise and other electronic noise from receiver input circuits or by interference from radiated electromagnetic noise picked up by the receiver's antenna...
- Noise (video)
  Noise (video)
  Noise, in analog video and television, is a random dot pattern of static displayed when no transmission signal is obtained by the antenna receiver of television set and other display devices...
Noise current
Noise-equivalent power
Noise-equivalent power
Noise-equivalent power is a measure of the sensitivity of a photodetector or detector system. It is defined as the signal power that gives a signal-to-noise ratio of one in a one hertz output bandwidth. An output bandwidth of one hertz is equivalent to half a second of integration time. The units...
Noise figure
Noise figure
Noise figure is a measure of degradation of the signal-to-noise ratio , caused by components in a radio frequency signal chain. The noise figure is defined as the ratio of the output noise power of a device to the portion thereof attributable to thermal noise in the input termination at standard...
Noise floor
Noise floor
In signal theory, the noise floor is the measure of the signal created from the sum of all the noise sources and unwanted signals within a measurement system, where the noise is defined as any signal other than the one being monitored....
Noise gate
Noise gate
A Noise Gate or gate is an electronic device or software that is used to control the volume of an audio signal. In its most simple form, a noise gate allows a signal to pass through only when it is above a set threshold: the gate is 'open'. If the signal falls below the threshold no signal is...
Noise level
Noise measurement
Noise measurement
Noise measurement is carried out in various fields.In acoustics, it can be for the purpose of measuring environmental noise, or part of a test procedure using white noise, or some other specialised form of test signal....
Noise power
Noise power
In telecommunication, the term noise power has the following meanings:# The measured total noise per bandwidth unit at the input or output of a device when the signal is not present.# The power generated by a random electromagnetic process....
Noise print
Noise print
A noise print is part of a technique used in noise reduction. A noise print is commonly used in audio mastering to reduce the effects of unwanted noise from a piece of audio...
Noise shaping
Noise shaping
Noise shaping is a technique typically used in digital audio, image, and video processing, usually in combination with dithering, as part of the process of quantization or bit-depth reduction of a digital signal...
Noise temperature
Noise wall
Noise weighting
Noise weighting
A noise weighting is a specific amplitude-vs.-frequency characteristic that is designed to allow subjectively valid measurement of noise. It emphasises the parts of the spectrum that are most important....
Noisy black
Noisy white
Peak signal-to-noise ratio
Peak signal-to-noise ratio
The phrase peak signal-to-noise ratio, often abbreviated PSNR, is an engineering term for the ratio between the maximum possible power of a signal and the power of corrupting noise that affects the fidelity of its representation...
Perlin noise
Perlin noise
Perlin noise is a computer-generated visual effect developed by Ken Perlin, who won an Academy Award for its use in the motion picture Tron...
Phase noise
Phase noise
Phase noise is the frequency domain representation of rapid, short-term, random fluctuations in the phase of a waveform, caused by time domain instabilities...
Photon noise
Pink noise
Pink noise
Pink noise or 1/ƒ noise is a signal or process with a frequency spectrum such that the power spectral density is inversely proportional to the frequency. In pink noise, each octave carries an equal amount of noise power...
Pseudonoise=pseudorandom noise
Pseudorandom noise
In cryptography, pseudorandom noise is a signal similar to noise which satisfies one or more of the standard tests for statistical randomness....
Quantization noise
Quantum 1/f noise
Quantum 1/f noise
Quantum 1/f noise is claimed to be an intrinsic part of quantum mechanics . The model is based on the scattering of different particles off one another in solid state physics...
Radio noise source
Radio noise source
A radio noise source is a device that emits radio waves at a certain frequency, used to calibrate radio telescopes such that received data may be compared to a known value, as well as to find the focal point of a telescope soon after construction, so that the wave guide and front end may be...
Random noise
Received noise power
Received noise power
In telecommunications, the term received noise power has the following meanings:1. The calculated or measured noise power, within the bandwidth being used, at the receive end of a circuit, channel, link, or system....
Red noise
Reference noise
Reference noise
In telecommunication, reference noise is the magnitude of circuit noise chosen as a reference for measurement.Many different levels with a number of different weightings are in current use, and care must be taken to ensure that the proper parameters are stated.Specific ones include: dBa, dBa, dBa,...
Salt and pepper noise
Salt and pepper noise
Salt and pepper noise is a form of noise typically seen on images. It represents itself as randomly occurring white and black pixels. An effective noise reduction method for this type of noise involves the usage of a median filter, morphological filter or a contra harmonic mean filter.Salt and...
Shot noise
Shot noise
Shot noise is a type of electronic noise that may be dominant when the finite number of particles that carry energy is sufficiently small so that uncertainties due to the Poisson distribution, which describes the occurrence of independent random events, are of significance...
Signal-to-noise ratio
Signal-to-noise ratio
Signal-to-noise ratio is a measure used in science and engineering that compares the level of a desired signal to the level of background noise. It is defined as the ratio of signal power to the noise power. A ratio higher than 1:1 indicates more signal than noise...
Statistical noise
Statistical noise
Statistical noise is the colloquialism for recognized amounts of unexplained variation in a sample. See errors and residuals in statistics....
Stochastic resonance
Stochastic resonance
Stochastic resonance is a phenomenon that occurs in a threshold measurement system when an appropriate measure of information transfer is maximized in the presence of a non-zero level of stochastic input noise thereby lowering the response...
Tape hiss
Tape hiss
Tape hiss is the high frequency noise present on analogue magnetic tape recordings caused by the size of the magnetic particles used to make the tape. Effectively it is the noise floor of the recording medium. It can be reduced by the use of finer magnetic particles or by increasing the amount of...
Thermal noise
Underwater acoustics
Underwater acoustics
Underwater acoustics is the study of the propagation of sound in water and the interaction of the mechanical waves that constitute sound with the water and its boundaries. The water may be in the ocean, a lake or a tank. Typical frequencies associated with underwater acoustics are between 10 Hz and...
White noise
White noise
White noise is a random signal with a flat power spectral density. In other words, the signal contains equal power within a fixed bandwidth at any center frequency...
White noise machine
White noise machine
A white noise machine is a device that produces a sound that is random in character, which sounds like a rushing waterfall or wind blowing through trees...

Environmental

Artificial noise
Artificial noise
In the context of spectator sports, artificial noise is the use of artificial sound-making devices to show the audience's support.In organized sports' early years, noise, such as there was, came solely from the cheering of a team's supporters...
Aircraft noise
Aircraft noise
Aircraft noise is noise pollution produced by any aircraft or its components, during various phases of a flight: on the ground while parked such as auxiliary power units, while taxiing, on run-up from propeller and jet exhaust, during take off, underneath and lateral to departure and arrival paths,...
Background noise
Background noise
In acoustics and specifically in acoustical engineering, background noise or ambient noise is any sound other than the sound being monitored. Background noise is a form of noise pollution or interference. Background noise is an important concept in setting noise regulations...
Impulse noise
Impulse noise
Impulse noise could mean:*impulse noise *Electromagnetic interference*Burst noise...
Industrial noise
Industrial noise
Industrial noise is usually considered mainly from the point of view of environmental health and safety, rather than nuisance, as sustained exposure can cause permanent hearing damage. Traditionally, occupational noise has been a hazard linked to heavy industries such as ship-building and...
Noise (acoustic)
Noise (acoustic)
Acoustic noise is any sound in the acoustic domain, either deliberate or unintended. It is important to recognise that the term "noise" is also used to refer to other, non-audible forms, especially in electronics and in the radio/radar spectrum.-Environmental noise:Environmental noise is the...
Noise barrier
Noise barrier
A noise barrier is an exterior structure designed to protect sensitive land uses from noise pollution...
Noise control
Noise control
Noise control is an active or passive means of reducing sound emissions, often incentivised by personal comfort, environmental considerations or legal compliance. Practical and efficient noise control is wholly reliant on an accurate diagnosis of what is causing the noise, which first involves...
Noise health effects
Noise health effects
Noise health effects are the health consequences of elevated sound levels. Elevated workplace or other noise can cause hearing impairment, hypertension, ischemic heart disease, annoyance and sleep disturbance. Changes in the immune system and birth defects have been attributed to noise exposure...
Noise pollution
Noise pollution
Noise pollution is excessive, displeasing human, animal or machine-created environmental noise that disrupts the activity or balance of human or animal life...
Noise regulation
Noise regulation
Noise regulation includes statutes or guidelines relating to sound transmission established by national, state or provincial and municipal levels of government. After the watershed passage of the United States Noise Control Act of 1972, other local and state governments passed further regulations...
Roadway noise
Roadway noise
Roadway noise is the collective sound energy emanating from motor vehicles. In the USA it contributes more to environmental noise exposure than any other noise source, and is constituted chiefly of engine, tire, aerodynamic and braking elements...
Train noise
Train noise
Train noise is sound produced by vehicles using a trackbed or rail guidance system. Trains include freight, long haul passenger, commuter rail, metro or mass transit and light rail systems....

Noise reduction

Active noise control
Active noise control
Active noise control is a method for reducing unwanted sound.- Explanation :...

=anti-noise
DBX (noise reduction)
Dbx (noise reduction)
dbx is a family of noise reduction systems developed by the company of the same name. The most common implementations are dbx Type I and dbx Type II for analog tape recording and, less commonly, vinyl LPs. A separate implementation, known as dbx-TV, is part of the MTS system used to provide stereo...
Differential signaling
Differential signaling
Differential signaling is a method of transmitting information electrically by means of two complementary signals sent on two separate wires. The technique can be used for both analog signaling, as in some audio systems, and digital signaling, as in RS-422, RS-485, Ethernet , PCI Express and USB...
Dolby noise reduction system
Dolby noise reduction system
Dolby NR is the name given to a series of noise reduction systems developed by Dolby Laboratories for use in analog magnetic tape recording. The first was Dolby A, a professional broadband noise reduction for recording studios in 1966, but the best-known is Dolby B , a sliding band system for the...
Helicopter noise reduction
Helicopter noise reduction
Helicopter noise reduction is a topic of research into designing helicopters which can be operated more quietly, reducing the public-relations problems with night-flying or expanding an airport...
Hush kit
Hush kit
A hush kit is a device for reducing noise from an engine; most commonly the term refers to devices which reduce noise emissions from low-bypass turbofan engines, as fitted to older commercial aircraft ....
Low noise amplifier
Low-noise block converter
Low-noise block converter
A low-noise block downconverter is the receiving device of a parabolic satellite dish antenna of the type commonly used for satellite TV reception...
Noise barrier
Noise barrier
A noise barrier is an exterior structure designed to protect sensitive land uses from noise pollution...
Noise cancellation
Noise-cancelling headphone
Noise-cancelling headphone
Noise-cancelling headphones reduce unwanted ambient sounds by means of active noise control . This involves using one or more microphones placed near the ear, and electronic circuitry which uses the microphone signal to generate an "antinoise" signal...
Noise control
Noise control
Noise control is an active or passive means of reducing sound emissions, often incentivised by personal comfort, environmental considerations or legal compliance. Practical and efficient noise control is wholly reliant on an accurate diagnosis of what is causing the noise, which first involves...
Noise mitigation
Noise mitigation
Noise mitigation is a set of strategies to reduce noise pollution. The main areas of noise mitigation or abatement are: transportation noise control, architectural design, and occupational noise control...
Noise reduction
Noise reduction
Noise reduction is the process of removing noise from a signal.All recording devices, both analogue or digital, have traits which make them susceptible to noise...
Noise regulation
Noise regulation
Noise regulation includes statutes or guidelines relating to sound transmission established by national, state or provincial and municipal levels of government. After the watershed passage of the United States Noise Control Act of 1972, other local and state governments passed further regulations...
RF shielding
Silencer
Silencer
Silencer may refer to:* Muffler, a device for reducing the amount of noise emitted by the exhaust of an internal combustion engine* Silencer , a DNA sequence capable of binding transcription regulation factors termed repressors...
Sound proofing

Music

Art of Noise
Difference between music and noise
Harsh noise
List of noise musicians
List of Japanoise artists
Noise music
Noise music
Noise music is a term used to describe varieties of avant-garde music and sound art that may use elements such as cacophony, dissonance, atonality, noise, indeterminacy, and repetition in their realization. Noise music can feature distortion, various types of acoustically or electronically...
Noise pop
Noise pop
Noise pop is a subgenre of alternative rock developed in the mid 1980s in the UK and US, that mixes atonal noise or feedback, or both, with the melodic instrumentation and production elements more often found in pop music, making it more melodic and angst-free than noise rock.-History:Noise pop has...
Noise rock
Noise rock
Noise rock describes a style of post-punk rock music that became prominent in the 1980s. Noise rock makes use of the traditional instrumentation and iconography of rock, but incorporates atonality and especially dissonance, and also frequently discards usual songwriting conventions.-Style:Noise...
Noisecape
Noisecape
Noisecape is an international noise event based in The Hague, the Netherlands.The festival offers the opportunity for artists and musicians who work in the field of new music, sound art and performances....
Power noise
Power noise
Power noise is a fusion genre among noise music and various styles of electronic dance music. It should not be confused with "power electronics", which lacks rhythmic elements and is closer to harsh noise...

Engineering and physics

Environmental

Noise reduction

Music

See also