VietnamVietnam – sometimes spelled Viet Nam , officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam – is the easternmost country on the Indochina Peninsula in Southeast Asia. It is bordered by China to the north, Laos to the northwest, Cambodia to the southwest, and the South China Sea –...
is a multi-ethnic country with over fifty distinct groups (54 are recognized by the Vietnamese government), each with its own language, lifestyle, and cultural heritage. Many of the local ethnic groups are known collectively in the West as Montagnard or
DegarThe Degar are the indigenous peoples of the Central Highlands of Vietnam. The term Montagnard means "mountain people" in French and is a carryover from the French colonial period in Vietnam. In Vietnamese, they are known by the term thượng - this term can also be applied to other minority ethnic...
. The largest ethnic groups are:
KinhThe Vietnamese people are an ethnic group originating from present-day northern Vietnam and southern China. They are the majority ethnic group of Vietnam, comprising 86% of the population as of the 1999 census, and are officially known as Kinh to distinguish them from other ethnic groups in Vietnam...
(Viet) 86.2%,
TayThe Tày people speak a language of the Central Tai language group, and live in northern Vietnam. They are sometimes also called Thô, T'o, Tai Tho, Ngan, Phen, Thu Lao, or Pa Di....
1.9%,
TaiTai may refer to:*Tai peoples*Tai languages*Tai , a Chinese surname*Mount Tai, in Shandong, China*Lake Tai, on the border of the Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces, China...
Ethnic 1.7%,
MườngThe Mường is the third largest of Vietnam’s 53 minority groups, with an estimated population of 1.2 million. The Muong people inhabit the mountainous region of northern Vietnam, concentrated in Hoa Binh Province and the mountainous districts of Thanh Hoa Province. They are most closely related to...
1.5%,
Khmer KromThe Khmer Krom are Khmer people living in the Mekong Delta and the Lower Mekong River area. Under the Khmer Rouge regime- according to the conservative estimates are that 150,000. Under the rule of Vietnam from 1979-93, Cambodia may have lost 20,000 Khmer Krom...
(Khơ Me Crộm) 1.4%,
Hoa 1.1%,
NùngThe Nùng are an ethnic minority in Vietnam. In China, the Nùng, together with the Tày, are classified as Zhuang people.-Description:The population of the Nùng is estimated to be more than 700,000...
1.1%,
HmongThe Hmong , are an Asian ethnic group from the mountainous regions of China, Vietnam, Laos, and Thailand. Hmong are also one of the sub-groups of the Miao ethnicity in southern China...
1%, others 4.1% (1999 census). The Vietnamese term for ethnic group is
người thiểu số or
dân tộc thiểu số (literally "minority people").
Alphabetical list
- Ba Na
The Bahnar are an ethnic group of Vietnam living primarily in the Central Highland provinces of Gia Lai and Kon Tum, as well as the coastal provinces of Bình Định and Phú Yên...
(Bahnar)
- Bố Y
The Buyei are an ethnic group living in southern mainland China. Numbering 2.5 million, they are the 11th largest of the 56 ethnic groups officially recognized by the People's Republic of China...
(Buyei)
- Brâu
The Brau people are an ethnic group living in Laos, Cambodia, and Vietnam. In Vietnam, most Brau live in Kon Tum, and the population was 313 in 1999. They speak a Mon–Khmer language.The Brau have only two surnames: Thao and Nang...
- Bru-Vân Kiều
- Chăm - Descendants of the Champa kingdom in southern Vietnam
- Chơ Ro
The Cho Ro are a Mon–Khmer people in Vietnam. Most Cho Ro live in the Đồng Nai, Bình Dương, Bình Phước, Bình Thuận, Lâm Đồng, and Bà Rịa-Vũng Tàu provinces. The population was 22 567 in 1999....
- Chu Ru
The Churu people live in Lâm Đồng province, in Vietnam's Central Highlands. The group's population is approximately 15,000. They speak a Malayo-Polynesian language.During the French colonial period the most influential highland leaders in the Da Lat area were Churu...
(Chru)
- Chứt
The Chut are a small ethnic group located in the Minh Hóa and Tuyên Hóa districts of Quảng Bình Province, in Vietnam's North Central Coast. There are multiple sub-ethnic groups within the Chut designation including the Rục, Mày, Arem, Mã Liêng, and Sách...
- related to Vietnamese, only 2000-4000 people
- Co
The Cor are an ethnic group of Vietnam. Most Cor live in the provinces Quảng Ngãi and Quảng Nam of South Central Vietnam, and number approximately 27,766 ....
- Cờ Ho
The K'Ho are an ethnic group living in the Lâm Đồng province of Vietnam's Central Highlands. They speak a Mon–Khmer language.The Lạch people, a subgroup of K'Ho, is the indigenous group of Lâm Đồng...
- Cờ Lao (Gelao)
- Cơ Tu
The Co Tu are an ethnic group in Vietnam. Most Co Tu live in the provinces of Thừa Thiên -Huế and Quảng Nam. The population in Vietnam was 50,458 in 1999 census and 61,588 in 2009 census...
- Cống (Cong)
- Dao
The Yao nationality is a government classification for various minorities in China. They form one of the 55 ethnic minority groups officially recognized by the People's Republic of China, where they reside in the mountainous terrain of the southwest and south...
- Yao people, also known as Mien, many speak Iu Mien languageThe Iu Mien language is one of the main languages spoken by the Yao people in China, Laos, Vietnam, Thailand and more recently the United States, in diaspora. There are about 2,172,000 speakers in total, according to census data in 2000 from China, Vietnam, Thai, Laos, United States of America,...
- Ê Đê
The E De are an ethnic group of southern Vietnam .-Language:The E De language is a member of the Chamic group of the Malayo-Polynesian branch of the Austronesian language family...
(Rhade)
- Gia Rai
The Jarai is an ethnic group based primarily in Vietnam's Central Highlands. The Jarai language is a member of the Malayo-Polynesian branch of the Austronesian language family...
(Jarai, J'rai)
- Giáy
The Giáy are an ethnic group in Vietnam who speak the Buyei language. Most live in the Lào Cai, Hà Giang, Lai Châu, and Cao Bằng provinces of northern Vietnam. In 1999 the population was 49,098....
- Giẻ Triêng
The Gie Trieng people are an ethnic group in Vietnam. Most Gie Trieng live in the province of Kon Tum, in Vietnam's Central Highlands region, and in 1999 the population was 30,243...
- Hà Nhì
thumb|Typical daily attire of ethnic Hani in China. Near [[Yuanyang County, Yunnan|Yuanyang]], [[Yunnan]] Province, [[China]] The Hani people are an ethnic group. They form one of the 56 nationalities officially recognized by the People's Republic of China. They also form one of the 54 officially...
(Hani)
- H'Mông
The Hmong , are an Asian ethnic group from the mountainous regions of China, Vietnam, Laos, and Thailand. Hmong are also one of the sub-groups of the Miao ethnicity in southern China...
(Hmong, Hơ-mông, Mong; formerly known as Mèo) - Also known as Miao in China
- Hoa (Chinese)
- Hrê
The H're people are an ethnic group of Vietnam, speaking a language in the Mon–Khmer family. Most H're live in the Quảng Ngãi and Bình Định provinces of Vietnam's South Central Coast, and number approximately 113,111 ....
(H're)
- Kháng
The Khang people are one of indigenous group in northwestern Vietnam. As of 1999, their population was 10,272.Most Khang live in the Sơn La and Lai Châu provinces of northwestern Vietnam....
- Khmer Krom
The Khmer Krom are Khmer people living in the Mekong Delta and the Lower Mekong River area. Under the Khmer Rouge regime- according to the conservative estimates are that 150,000. Under the rule of Vietnam from 1979-93, Cambodia may have lost 20,000 Khmer Krom...
(Khmer, Khơ Me Crộm)
- Khơ Mú
The Khmu is one of the largest ethnic groups based in northern Laos. They can also be found in Burma, southwest China , Thailand, and Vietnam, where they are an officially recognized ethnic group...
(Khmu)
- Kinh
The Vietnamese people are an ethnic group originating from present-day northern Vietnam and southern China. They are the majority ethnic group of Vietnam, comprising 86% of the population as of the 1999 census, and are officially known as Kinh to distinguish them from other ethnic groups in Vietnam...
(also called Viet, the largest ethnic group in Vietnam)
- La Chí
The La Chi people live in the Hà Giang and Lào Cai provinces of northeastern Vietnam. Their population is approximately 10,765 people . They speak the Lachi language, which is part of the Kradai language group....
- La Ha
The La Ha are an ethnic group of Vietnam. Most La Ha live in the Yên Bái and Sơn La provinces, and number approximately 5,686 people . They speak the Laha language, which is part of the Tai–Kadai language family....
- La Hủ
The Lahu are an ethnic group of Southeast Asia and China.They are one of the 56 ethnic groups officially recognized by the People's Republic of China, where about 450,000 live in Yunnan province. An estimated 150,000 live in Burma. In Thailand, Lahu are one of the six main hill tribes; their...
- Lao
The Lao are an ethnic subgroup of Tai/Dai in Southeast Asia.-Names:The etymology of the word Lao is uncertain, although it may be related to tribes known as the Ai Lao who appear in Han Dynasty records in China and Vietnam as a people of what is now Yunan Province...
- People from LaosLaos Lao: ສາທາລະນະລັດ ປະຊາທິປະໄຕ ປະຊາຊົນລາວ Sathalanalat Paxathipatai Paxaxon Lao, officially the Lao People's Democratic Republic, is a landlocked country in Southeast Asia, bordered by Burma and China to the northwest, Vietnam to the east, Cambodia to the south and Thailand to the west...
- Lô Lô
The Yi or Lolo people are an ethnic group in China, Vietnam, and Thailand. Numbering 8 million, they are the seventh largest of the 55 ethnic minority groups officially recognized by the People's Republic of China...
(Lo Lo, Yi)
- Lự
The Tai Lü people are an ethnic group of Vietnam, China, and Thailand. In Vietnam, most Lu live in the Lai Chau Province, and their population was 4,964 in 1999. In China, they are officially recognized as part of the Dai ethnic group. They speak a Tai language.Lu is the indigenous people in Mường...
- Mạ
The Ma are a Mon–Khmer-speaking people in Vietnam ....
- Mảng
The Mang are an ethnic group living primarily in Vietnam, where they are one of that nation's 54 officially recognized ethnic groups. There are also about 500 Mang living in the Yunnan province of southern China, where they are officially termed an undistinguished nationality.The Mang language is...
- M'Nông
The Mnong or M'nong are an ethnic group from Vietnam . They can be subdivided into three groups:...
- Mường
The Mường is the third largest of Vietnam’s 53 minority groups, with an estimated population of 1.2 million. The Muong people inhabit the mountainous region of northern Vietnam, concentrated in Hoa Binh Province and the mountainous districts of Thanh Hoa Province. They are most closely related to...
- Closest to Kinh Vietnamese, the other main part of the Viet–Muong branch of the VieticThe Vietic languages are a branch of the Austro-Asiatic language family. The branch was once referred to by the terms Việt–Mường, Annam–Muong, and Vietnamuong, but today these are understood as referring to a sub-branch of Vietic containing only the Vietnamese and Mường languages.-Origins:Based on...
sub-family
- Ngái
The Ngái are an Hakka ethnic group in Vietnam and other nearby countries of mainland Southeast Asia and China. The Ngái are Chinese-speaking but are classified separately from the urban ethnic Chinese or Hoa. According a official data, Ngai population is 4,841 in 1999 and down to 1.035 in 2009...
(Chinese, separately classified from Hoa)
- Nùng
The Nùng are an ethnic minority in Vietnam. In China, the Nùng, together with the Tày, are classified as Zhuang people.-Description:The population of the Nùng is estimated to be more than 700,000...
- Ơ Đu
The Ơ Đu are an aboriginal ethnic group in Vietnam and Laos. Their total population is more than 570.-Name variation:The Ơ Đu are also commonly referred to as O'Du, O Du, Iduh, Tay Hat, Hat, and Haat.-Culture:...
- Pà Thẻn
The Pa Then are an ethnic group of Vietnam. Most Pa Then live in the Hà Giang and Tuyên Quang provinces in the northern part of Vietnam's northeastern region...
- Phù Lá
The Phù Lá are an ethnic group of Vietnam and China. Most Phù Lá live in the Lào Cai province of northeastern Vietnam, and their population in Vietnam is approximately 9,046...
- Pu Péo
The Qabiao people are an ethnic group living in Hà Giang, Vietnam, and Yunnan Province, China. and the total population was 705 in 1999, while Liang cites a total population of 777. In China, they are classified with the Yi people...
- Ra Glai
The Raglai are an ethnic group of Vietnam. They are related to the Cham, with a population of approximately 97,000...
(Raglai)
- Rơ Măm
The Rơ Măm people are a small ethnic group in Vietnam . They speak a language in the Central Bahnaric branch of the Mon–Khmer family.-External links:*...
- Sán Chay
The San Chay people live in the Tuyên Quang province of northeastern Vietnam, as well as some nearby provinces. They speak a Tai language. Their population was 147,315 in 1999....
(San Chay, Cao Lan)
- Sán Dìu
The Sán Dìu is an ethnic group in northern Vietnam. They are believed to have migrated from Guangdong around 1600 CE....
(San Diu, Chinese, separately classified from Hoa)
- Si La
The Si La are an ethnic group of about 1,800 people living in northern Laos and another 600 living in the Lai Chau province of northwestern Vietnam....
- Tà Ôi
The Tà Ôi is an ethnic group of Vietnam . They speak a Mon–Khmer language and are concentrated in A Lưới district of Thừa Thiên-Huế province and Hương Hóa district of Quảng Trị province....
(Ta Oi)
- Tày
The Tày people speak a language of the Central Tai language group, and live in northern Vietnam. They are sometimes also called Thô, T'o, Tai Tho, Ngan, Phen, Thu Lao, or Pa Di....
(Tay) - The largest minority in Vietnam
- Thái
The Thai people, or Siamese, are the main ethnic group of Thailand and are part of the larger Tai ethnolinguistic peoples found in Thailand and adjacent countries in Southeast Asia as well as southern China. Their language is the Thai language, which is classified as part of the Kradai family of...
(Thai)
- Thổ
The Thổ ethnic group inhabits the mountainous regions of northern Vietnam, mainly Nghệ An province southwest of Hanoi. They speak the Tho language, which is closely related to Vietnamese...
(Tho) - Related to Kinh Vietnamese
- Xinh Mun
The Xinh Mun is an ethnic group living primarily in the provinces of Sơn La and Lai Chau, in northwestern Vietnam...
(Xinh-mun)
- Xơ Đăng
The Xo Dang are an ethnic group of Vietnam.Their main source of income is farming. They are also known to be involved with raising cattle and poultry.Religiously, they are largely animistic...
(Sedang, Xo Dang)
- Xtiêng
The Stieng people are an ethnic group of Vietnam and Cambodia. They speak a language in the Bahnaric group of the Mon–Khmer languages.Most Stieng live in the Binh Duong Province and Dong Nai Province of southeastern Vietnam...
(Stieng)
Listed by language group
- Mon–Khmer - Kinh
The Vietnamese people are an ethnic group originating from present-day northern Vietnam and southern China. They are the majority ethnic group of Vietnam, comprising 86% of the population as of the 1999 census, and are officially known as Kinh to distinguish them from other ethnic groups in Vietnam...
(Viet), Ba NaThe Bahnar are an ethnic group of Vietnam living primarily in the Central Highland provinces of Gia Lai and Kon Tum, as well as the coastal provinces of Bình Định and Phú Yên...
(Bahnar), BrâuThe Brau people are an ethnic group living in Laos, Cambodia, and Vietnam. In Vietnam, most Brau live in Kon Tum, and the population was 313 in 1999. They speak a Mon–Khmer language.The Brau have only two surnames: Thao and Nang...
, Bru-Vân Kiều, Chơ RoThe Cho Ro are a Mon–Khmer people in Vietnam. Most Cho Ro live in the Đồng Nai, Bình Dương, Bình Phước, Bình Thuận, Lâm Đồng, and Bà Rịa-Vũng Tàu provinces. The population was 22 567 in 1999....
, ChứtThe Chut are a small ethnic group located in the Minh Hóa and Tuyên Hóa districts of Quảng Bình Province, in Vietnam's North Central Coast. There are multiple sub-ethnic groups within the Chut designation including the Rục, Mày, Arem, Mã Liêng, and Sách...
, CoThe Cor are an ethnic group of Vietnam. Most Cor live in the provinces Quảng Ngãi and Quảng Nam of South Central Vietnam, and number approximately 27,766 ....
, Cờ HoThe K'Ho are an ethnic group living in the Lâm Đồng province of Vietnam's Central Highlands. They speak a Mon–Khmer language.The Lạch people, a subgroup of K'Ho, is the indigenous group of Lâm Đồng...
, Cơ TuThe Co Tu are an ethnic group in Vietnam. Most Co Tu live in the provinces of Thừa Thiên -Huế and Quảng Nam. The population in Vietnam was 50,458 in 1999 census and 61,588 in 2009 census...
, Giẻ TriêngThe Gie Trieng people are an ethnic group in Vietnam. Most Gie Trieng live in the province of Kon Tum, in Vietnam's Central Highlands region, and in 1999 the population was 30,243...
, HrêThe H're people are an ethnic group of Vietnam, speaking a language in the Mon–Khmer family. Most H're live in the Quảng Ngãi and Bình Định provinces of Vietnam's South Central Coast, and number approximately 113,111 ....
(H're), KhángThe Khang people are one of indigenous group in northwestern Vietnam. As of 1999, their population was 10,272.Most Khang live in the Sơn La and Lai Châu provinces of northwestern Vietnam....
, Khmer KromThe Khmer Krom are Khmer people living in the Mekong Delta and the Lower Mekong River area. Under the Khmer Rouge regime- according to the conservative estimates are that 150,000. Under the rule of Vietnam from 1979-93, Cambodia may have lost 20,000 Khmer Krom...
(Khmer, Khơ Me Crộm), Khơ MúThe Khmu is one of the largest ethnic groups based in northern Laos. They can also be found in Burma, southwest China , Thailand, and Vietnam, where they are an officially recognized ethnic group...
(Khmu), MạThe Ma are a Mon–Khmer-speaking people in Vietnam ....
, MảngThe Mang are an ethnic group living primarily in Vietnam, where they are one of that nation's 54 officially recognized ethnic groups. There are also about 500 Mang living in the Yunnan province of southern China, where they are officially termed an undistinguished nationality.The Mang language is...
, M'NôngThe Mnong or M'nong are an ethnic group from Vietnam . They can be subdivided into three groups:...
, MườngThe Mường is the third largest of Vietnam’s 53 minority groups, with an estimated population of 1.2 million. The Muong people inhabit the mountainous region of northern Vietnam, concentrated in Hoa Binh Province and the mountainous districts of Thanh Hoa Province. They are most closely related to...
, Ơ ĐuThe Ơ Đu are an aboriginal ethnic group in Vietnam and Laos. Their total population is more than 570.-Name variation:The Ơ Đu are also commonly referred to as O'Du, O Du, Iduh, Tay Hat, Hat, and Haat.-Culture:...
, Rơ MămThe Rơ Măm people are a small ethnic group in Vietnam . They speak a language in the Central Bahnaric branch of the Mon–Khmer family.-External links:*...
, Tà ÔiThe Tà Ôi is an ethnic group of Vietnam . They speak a Mon–Khmer language and are concentrated in A Lưới district of Thừa Thiên-Huế province and Hương Hóa district of Quảng Trị province....
(Ta Oi), ThổThe Thổ ethnic group inhabits the mountainous regions of northern Vietnam, mainly Nghệ An province southwest of Hanoi. They speak the Tho language, which is closely related to Vietnamese...
(Tho), Xinh MunThe Xinh Mun is an ethnic group living primarily in the provinces of Sơn La and Lai Chau, in northwestern Vietnam...
(Xinh-mun), Xơ ĐăngThe Xo Dang are an ethnic group of Vietnam.Their main source of income is farming. They are also known to be involved with raising cattle and poultry.Religiously, they are largely animistic...
(Sedang, Xo Dang), and XtiêngThe Stieng people are an ethnic group of Vietnam and Cambodia. They speak a language in the Bahnaric group of the Mon–Khmer languages.Most Stieng live in the Binh Duong Province and Dong Nai Province of southeastern Vietnam...
(Stieng).
- Tay-Thai - Bố Y
The Buyei are an ethnic group living in southern mainland China. Numbering 2.5 million, they are the 11th largest of the 56 ethnic groups officially recognized by the People's Republic of China...
(Buyei), Giáy, LaoThe Lao are an ethnic subgroup of Tai/Dai in Southeast Asia.-Names:The etymology of the word Lao is uncertain, although it may be related to tribes known as the Ai Lao who appear in Han Dynasty records in China and Vietnam as a people of what is now Yunan Province...
, LựThe Tai Lü people are an ethnic group of Vietnam, China, and Thailand. In Vietnam, most Lu live in the Lai Chau Province, and their population was 4,964 in 1999. In China, they are officially recognized as part of the Dai ethnic group. They speak a Tai language.Lu is the indigenous people in Mường...
, NùngThe Nùng are an ethnic minority in Vietnam. In China, the Nùng, together with the Tày, are classified as Zhuang people.-Description:The population of the Nùng is estimated to be more than 700,000...
, Sán ChayThe San Chay people live in the Tuyên Quang province of northeastern Vietnam, as well as some nearby provinces. They speak a Tai language. Their population was 147,315 in 1999....
(San Chay, Cao Lan), TàyThe Tày people speak a language of the Central Tai language group, and live in northern Vietnam. They are sometimes also called Thô, T'o, Tai Tho, Ngan, Phen, Thu Lao, or Pa Di....
(Tay), and TháiThe Thai people, or Siamese, are the main ethnic group of Thailand and are part of the larger Tai ethnolinguistic peoples found in Thailand and adjacent countries in Southeast Asia as well as southern China. Their language is the Thai language, which is classified as part of the Kradai family of...
(Thai)
- Tibeto-Burman
The Tibeto-Burman languages are the non-Chinese members of the Sino-Tibetan language family, over 400 of which are spoken thoughout the highlands of southeast Asia, as well as lowland areas in Burma ....
- Cống (Cong), Hà Nhìthumb|Typical daily attire of ethnic Hani in China. Near [[Yuanyang County, Yunnan|Yuanyang]], [[Yunnan]] Province, [[China]] The Hani people are an ethnic group. They form one of the 56 nationalities officially recognized by the People's Republic of China. They also form one of the 54 officially...
(Hani), La HủThe Lahu are an ethnic group of Southeast Asia and China.They are one of the 56 ethnic groups officially recognized by the People's Republic of China, where about 450,000 live in Yunnan province. An estimated 150,000 live in Burma. In Thailand, Lahu are one of the six main hill tribes; their...
, Lô LôThe Yi or Lolo people are an ethnic group in China, Vietnam, and Thailand. Numbering 8 million, they are the seventh largest of the 55 ethnic minority groups officially recognized by the People's Republic of China...
(Lo Lo, Yi), Phù LáThe Phù Lá are an ethnic group of Vietnam and China. Most Phù Lá live in the Lào Cai province of northeastern Vietnam, and their population in Vietnam is approximately 9,046...
, and Si LaThe Si La are an ethnic group of about 1,800 people living in northern Laos and another 600 living in the Lai Chau province of northwestern Vietnam....
- Malayo-Polynesian
The Malayo-Polynesian languages are a subgroup of the Austronesian languages, with approximately 385.5 million speakers. These are widely dispersed throughout the island nations of Southeast Asia and the Pacific Ocean, with a smaller number in continental Asia...
- Chăm, Chu RuThe Churu people live in Lâm Đồng province, in Vietnam's Central Highlands. The group's population is approximately 15,000. They speak a Malayo-Polynesian language.During the French colonial period the most influential highland leaders in the Da Lat area were Churu...
(Chru), Ê ĐêThe E De are an ethnic group of southern Vietnam .-Language:The E De language is a member of the Chamic group of the Malayo-Polynesian branch of the Austronesian language family...
(Rhade), Gia RaiThe Jarai is an ethnic group based primarily in Vietnam's Central Highlands. The Jarai language is a member of the Malayo-Polynesian branch of the Austronesian language family...
(Jarai, J'rai), and Ra GlaiThe Raglai are an ethnic group of Vietnam. They are related to the Cham, with a population of approximately 97,000...
(Raglai)
- Kadai - Cờ Lao (Gelao), La Chí
The La Chi people live in the Hà Giang and Lào Cai provinces of northeastern Vietnam. Their population is approximately 10,765 people . They speak the Lachi language, which is part of the Kradai language group....
, La HaThe La Ha are an ethnic group of Vietnam. Most La Ha live in the Yên Bái and Sơn La provinces, and number approximately 5,686 people . They speak the Laha language, which is part of the Tai–Kadai language family....
, and Pu PéoThe Qabiao people are an ethnic group living in Hà Giang, Vietnam, and Yunnan Province, China. and the total population was 705 in 1999, while Liang cites a total population of 777. In China, they are classified with the Yi people...
- Mong-Dao - Dao
The Yao nationality is a government classification for various minorities in China. They form one of the 55 ethnic minority groups officially recognized by the People's Republic of China, where they reside in the mountainous terrain of the southwest and south...
(Yao), H'MôngThe Hmong , are an Asian ethnic group from the mountainous regions of China, Vietnam, Laos, and Thailand. Hmong are also one of the sub-groups of the Miao ethnicity in southern China...
(Hmong, Hơ-mông, Mong; formerly known as Mèo), and Pà ThẻnThe Pa Then are an ethnic group of Vietnam. Most Pa Then live in the Hà Giang and Tuyên Quang provinces in the northern part of Vietnam's northeastern region...
- Han - Hoa (Chinese), Ngái
The Ngái are an Hakka ethnic group in Vietnam and other nearby countries of mainland Southeast Asia and China. The Ngái are Chinese-speaking but are classified separately from the urban ethnic Chinese or Hoa. According a official data, Ngai population is 4,841 in 1999 and down to 1.035 in 2009...
, and Sán DìuThe Sán Dìu is an ethnic group in northern Vietnam. They are believed to have migrated from Guangdong around 1600 CE....
(San Diu)
Listed by population (as of the 1999 census)
- Kinh
The Vietnamese people are an ethnic group originating from present-day northern Vietnam and southern China. They are the majority ethnic group of Vietnam, comprising 86% of the population as of the 1999 census, and are officially known as Kinh to distinguish them from other ethnic groups in Vietnam...
(also called Viet, the largest ethnic group in Vietnam) 86.2%
- Tày
The Tày people speak a language of the Central Tai language group, and live in northern Vietnam. They are sometimes also called Thô, T'o, Tai Tho, Ngan, Phen, Thu Lao, or Pa Di....
(Tay) - The largest minority in Vietnam 1.9%
- Thái
The Thai people, or Siamese, are the main ethnic group of Thailand and are part of the larger Tai ethnolinguistic peoples found in Thailand and adjacent countries in Southeast Asia as well as southern China. Their language is the Thai language, which is classified as part of the Kradai family of...
(Thai) 1.7%
- Mường
The Mường is the third largest of Vietnam’s 53 minority groups, with an estimated population of 1.2 million. The Muong people inhabit the mountainous region of northern Vietnam, concentrated in Hoa Binh Province and the mountainous districts of Thanh Hoa Province. They are most closely related to...
- Closest to Kinh Vietnamese, other half of Viet–Muong language family 1.5%
- Khmer Krom
The Khmer Krom are Khmer people living in the Mekong Delta and the Lower Mekong River area. Under the Khmer Rouge regime- according to the conservative estimates are that 150,000. Under the rule of Vietnam from 1979-93, Cambodia may have lost 20,000 Khmer Krom...
(Khmer, Khơ Me Crộm) 1.4%
- Hoa (Chinese) 1.1%
- Nùng
The Nùng are an ethnic minority in Vietnam. In China, the Nùng, together with the Tày, are classified as Zhuang people.-Description:The population of the Nùng is estimated to be more than 700,000...
1.1%
- H'Mông
The Hmong , are an Asian ethnic group from the mountainous regions of China, Vietnam, Laos, and Thailand. Hmong are also one of the sub-groups of the Miao ethnicity in southern China...
(Hmong, Hơ-mông, Mong; formerly known as Mèo) - Also known as Miao in China 1%
- Dao
The Yao nationality is a government classification for various minorities in China. They form one of the 55 ethnic minority groups officially recognized by the People's Republic of China, where they reside in the mountainous terrain of the southwest and south...
- Yao people, also known as Mien, many speak Iu Mien languageThe Iu Mien language is one of the main languages spoken by the Yao people in China, Laos, Vietnam, Thailand and more recently the United States, in diaspora. There are about 2,172,000 speakers in total, according to census data in 2000 from China, Vietnam, Thai, Laos, United States of America,...
, distant relatives of HmongThe Hmong , are an Asian ethnic group from the mountainous regions of China, Vietnam, Laos, and Thailand. Hmong are also one of the sub-groups of the Miao ethnicity in southern China...
- Gia Rai
The Jarai is an ethnic group based primarily in Vietnam's Central Highlands. The Jarai language is a member of the Malayo-Polynesian branch of the Austronesian language family...
(Jarai, J'rai)
- Ê Đê
The E De are an ethnic group of southern Vietnam .-Language:The E De language is a member of the Chamic group of the Malayo-Polynesian branch of the Austronesian language family...
(Rhade)
- Ba Na
The Bahnar are an ethnic group of Vietnam living primarily in the Central Highland provinces of Gia Lai and Kon Tum, as well as the coastal provinces of Bình Định and Phú Yên...
(Bahnar)
- Sán Chay
The San Chay people live in the Tuyên Quang province of northeastern Vietnam, as well as some nearby provinces. They speak a Tai language. Their population was 147,315 in 1999....
(San Chay, Cao Lan)
- Chăm - Descendants of the Champa kingdom in southern Vietnam
- Xơ Đăng
The Xo Dang are an ethnic group of Vietnam.Their main source of income is farming. They are also known to be involved with raising cattle and poultry.Religiously, they are largely animistic...
(Sedang, Xo Dang)
- Sán Dìu
The Sán Dìu is an ethnic group in northern Vietnam. They are believed to have migrated from Guangdong around 1600 CE....
(San Diu)
- Hrê
The H're people are an ethnic group of Vietnam, speaking a language in the Mon–Khmer family. Most H're live in the Quảng Ngãi and Bình Định provinces of Vietnam's South Central Coast, and number approximately 113,111 ....
(H're)
- Cờ Ho
The K'Ho are an ethnic group living in the Lâm Đồng province of Vietnam's Central Highlands. They speak a Mon–Khmer language.The Lạch people, a subgroup of K'Ho, is the indigenous group of Lâm Đồng...
- Ra Glai
The Raglai are an ethnic group of Vietnam. They are related to the Cham, with a population of approximately 97,000...
(Raglai)
- M'Nông
The Mnong or M'nong are an ethnic group from Vietnam . They can be subdivided into three groups:...
- Thổ
The Thổ ethnic group inhabits the mountainous regions of northern Vietnam, mainly Nghệ An province southwest of Hanoi. They speak the Tho language, which is closely related to Vietnamese...
(Tho) - Related to Kinh Vietnamese
- Xtiêng
The Stieng people are an ethnic group of Vietnam and Cambodia. They speak a language in the Bahnaric group of the Mon–Khmer languages.Most Stieng live in the Binh Duong Province and Dong Nai Province of southeastern Vietnam...
(Stieng)
- Khơ Mú
The Khmu is one of the largest ethnic groups based in northern Laos. They can also be found in Burma, southwest China , Thailand, and Vietnam, where they are an officially recognized ethnic group...
(Khmu)
- Bru-Vân Kiều
- Giáy
The Giáy are an ethnic group in Vietnam who speak the Buyei language. Most live in the Lào Cai, Hà Giang, Lai Châu, and Cao Bằng provinces of northern Vietnam. In 1999 the population was 49,098....
- Cơ Tu
The Co Tu are an ethnic group in Vietnam. Most Co Tu live in the provinces of Thừa Thiên -Huế and Quảng Nam. The population in Vietnam was 50,458 in 1999 census and 61,588 in 2009 census...
- Giẻ Triêng
The Gie Trieng people are an ethnic group in Vietnam. Most Gie Trieng live in the province of Kon Tum, in Vietnam's Central Highlands region, and in 1999 the population was 30,243...
- Tà Ôi
The Tà Ôi is an ethnic group of Vietnam . They speak a Mon–Khmer language and are concentrated in A Lưới district of Thừa Thiên-Huế province and Hương Hóa district of Quảng Trị province....
(Ta Oi)
- Mạ
The Ma are a Mon–Khmer-speaking people in Vietnam ....
- Co
The Cor are an ethnic group of Vietnam. Most Cor live in the provinces Quảng Ngãi and Quảng Nam of South Central Vietnam, and number approximately 27,766 ....
- Chơ Ro
The Cho Ro are a Mon–Khmer people in Vietnam. Most Cho Ro live in the Đồng Nai, Bình Dương, Bình Phước, Bình Thuận, Lâm Đồng, and Bà Rịa-Vũng Tàu provinces. The population was 22 567 in 1999....
- Hà Nhì
thumb|Typical daily attire of ethnic Hani in China. Near [[Yuanyang County, Yunnan|Yuanyang]], [[Yunnan]] Province, [[China]] The Hani people are an ethnic group. They form one of the 56 nationalities officially recognized by the People's Republic of China. They also form one of the 54 officially...
(Hani)
- Xinh Mun
The Xinh Mun is an ethnic group living primarily in the provinces of Sơn La and Lai Chau, in northwestern Vietnam...
(Xinh-mun)
- Chu Ru
The Churu people live in Lâm Đồng province, in Vietnam's Central Highlands. The group's population is approximately 15,000. They speak a Malayo-Polynesian language.During the French colonial period the most influential highland leaders in the Da Lat area were Churu...
(Chru)
- Lao
The Lao are an ethnic subgroup of Tai/Dai in Southeast Asia.-Names:The etymology of the word Lao is uncertain, although it may be related to tribes known as the Ai Lao who appear in Han Dynasty records in China and Vietnam as a people of what is now Yunan Province...
- People from Laos
- La Chí
The La Chi people live in the Hà Giang and Lào Cai provinces of northeastern Vietnam. Their population is approximately 10,765 people . They speak the Lachi language, which is part of the Kradai language group....
- Phù Lá
The Phù Lá are an ethnic group of Vietnam and China. Most Phù Lá live in the Lào Cai province of northeastern Vietnam, and their population in Vietnam is approximately 9,046...
- La Hủ
The Lahu are an ethnic group of Southeast Asia and China.They are one of the 56 ethnic groups officially recognized by the People's Republic of China, where about 450,000 live in Yunnan province. An estimated 150,000 live in Burma. In Thailand, Lahu are one of the six main hill tribes; their...
- Kháng
The Khang people are one of indigenous group in northwestern Vietnam. As of 1999, their population was 10,272.Most Khang live in the Sơn La and Lai Châu provinces of northwestern Vietnam....
- Lự
The Tai Lü people are an ethnic group of Vietnam, China, and Thailand. In Vietnam, most Lu live in the Lai Chau Province, and their population was 4,964 in 1999. In China, they are officially recognized as part of the Dai ethnic group. They speak a Tai language.Lu is the indigenous people in Mường...
- Pà Thẻn
The Pa Then are an ethnic group of Vietnam. Most Pa Then live in the Hà Giang and Tuyên Quang provinces in the northern part of Vietnam's northeastern region...
- Lô Lô
The Yi or Lolo people are an ethnic group in China, Vietnam, and Thailand. Numbering 8 million, they are the seventh largest of the 55 ethnic minority groups officially recognized by the People's Republic of China...
(Lo Lo, Yi)
- Chứt
The Chut are a small ethnic group located in the Minh Hóa and Tuyên Hóa districts of Quảng Bình Province, in Vietnam's North Central Coast. There are multiple sub-ethnic groups within the Chut designation including the Rục, Mày, Arem, Mã Liêng, and Sách...
- related to Vietnamese, only 2000-4000 people
- Mảng
The Mang are an ethnic group living primarily in Vietnam, where they are one of that nation's 54 officially recognized ethnic groups. There are also about 500 Mang living in the Yunnan province of southern China, where they are officially termed an undistinguished nationality.The Mang language is...
- Cờ Lao (Gelao)
- Bố Y
The Buyei are an ethnic group living in southern mainland China. Numbering 2.5 million, they are the 11th largest of the 56 ethnic groups officially recognized by the People's Republic of China...
(Buyei)
- La Ha
The La Ha are an ethnic group of Vietnam. Most La Ha live in the Yên Bái and Sơn La provinces, and number approximately 5,686 people . They speak the Laha language, which is part of the Tai–Kadai language family....
- Cống (Cong)
- Ngái
The Ngái are an Hakka ethnic group in Vietnam and other nearby countries of mainland Southeast Asia and China. The Ngái are Chinese-speaking but are classified separately from the urban ethnic Chinese or Hoa. According a official data, Ngai population is 4,841 in 1999 and down to 1.035 in 2009...
- Si La
The Si La are an ethnic group of about 1,800 people living in northern Laos and another 600 living in the Lai Chau province of northwestern Vietnam....
- Pu Péo
The Qabiao people are an ethnic group living in Hà Giang, Vietnam, and Yunnan Province, China. and the total population was 705 in 1999, while Liang cites a total population of 777. In China, they are classified with the Yi people...
- Brâu
The Brau people are an ethnic group living in Laos, Cambodia, and Vietnam. In Vietnam, most Brau live in Kon Tum, and the population was 313 in 1999. They speak a Mon–Khmer language.The Brau have only two surnames: Thao and Nang...
- Rơ Măm
The Rơ Măm people are a small ethnic group in Vietnam . They speak a language in the Central Bahnaric branch of the Mon–Khmer family.-External links:*...
- Ơ Đu
The Ơ Đu are an aboriginal ethnic group in Vietnam and Laos. Their total population is more than 570.-Name variation:The Ơ Đu are also commonly referred to as O'Du, O Du, Iduh, Tay Hat, Hat, and Haat.-Culture:...
Ethnic groups not included in official list
- Nguồn - possibly Mường group, officially classified as a Việt (Kinh) group by the government, Nguồn themselves identify with Việt ethnicity; their language is a member of the Viet–Muong branch of the Vietic
The Vietic languages are a branch of the Austro-Asiatic language family. The branch was once referred to by the terms Việt–Mường, Annam–Muong, and Vietnamuong, but today these are understood as referring to a sub-branch of Vietic containing only the Vietnamese and Mường languages.-Origins:Based on...
sub-family
- People of Europe
Europe is, by convention, one of the world's seven continents. Comprising the westernmost peninsula of Eurasia, Europe is generally 'divided' from Asia to its east by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas, and the waterways connecting...
an, North AmericanNorth American generally refers to an entity, people, group, or attribute of North America, especially of the United States and Canada together.-Culture:*North American English, a collective term used to describe American English and Canadian English...
, AustraliaAustralia , officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area...
n, and Asian (non-Vietnamese) origin. Many people of these origins are temporary residents in Vietnam as expatriateAn expatriate is a person temporarily or permanently residing in a country and culture other than that of the person's upbringing...
workers and some are permanently settled there, some through marriage. Included in permanent settlers are Europeans of French descentThe French are a nation that share a common French culture and speak the French language as a mother tongue. Historically, the French population are descended from peoples of Celtic, Latin and Germanic origin, and are today a mixture of several ethnic groups...
, who are descendants of the colonial settlers. Most of them left after its independence.
The 55th ethnic group in Vietnam?
According to news from Dantri,the online newspaper in Vietnam,the Thừa Thiên-Huế people committee in September 2008 announced a plan to do more research in a new ethnic group in Vietnam.It is Pa Kô.This ethnic group settles mainly in A Lưới suburban district(Thừa Thiên-Huế)and mountainous area of Hướng Hóa(Quảng Trị).Some people may confuse them with Tà Ôi ethnic group.Other names are Pa Cô, Pa Kô, Pa-Kô, Pa Kôh.
http://dantri.com.vn/c21/s20-250244/viet-nam-se-co-dan-toc-thu-55.htm
http://www.cpv.org.vn/cpv/Modules/News/NewsDetail.aspx?co_id=30474&cn_id=247658
Sources
External links
See also
- Demographics of Vietnam
This article is about the demographic features of the population of Vietnam, including population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population....
- Vietnam#Demographics