List of bishops, prince-bishops, and administrators of Minden
Encyclopedia
This list records the bishops of the Roman Catholic diocese of Minden , a suffragan of the Archdiocese of Cologne
, who were simultaneously rulers of princely rank (prince-bishop) in the Prince-Bishopric of Minden , a state of imperial immediacy within the Holy Roman Empire
. Minden
was the seat of the chapter
, the cathedral
and residence of the bishops until 1305, Petershagen
became the prince-episcopal residence since.
and became an own territory of imperial immediacy called Prince-Bishopric of Minden, a vassal of the Holy Roman Empire. The prince-bishopric was an elective monarchy
, with the monarch being the respective bishop usually elected by the Minden Cathedral
chapter
, and confirmed by the Holy See
, or exceptionally only appointed by the Holy See. Papally confirmed bishops were then invested by the emperor with the princely regalia
, thus the title prince-bishop. However, sometimes the respective incumbent of the see never gained a papal confirmation, but was still invested the princely regalia. Also the opposite occurred with a papally confirmed bishop, never invested as prince. A number of incumbents, elected by the chapter, neither achieved papal confirmation nor imperial investiture
, but as a matter of fact nevertheless de facto
held the princely power. Between about 1555 to 1631 all incumbents were Lutherans. The respective incumbents of the see bore the following titles:
Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Cologne
The Archdiocese of Cologne is an archdiocese of the Catholic Church in western North Rhine-Westphalia and northern Rhineland-Palatinate in Germany.-History:...
, who were simultaneously rulers of princely rank (prince-bishop) in the Prince-Bishopric of Minden , a state of imperial immediacy within the Holy Roman Empire
Holy Roman Empire
The Holy Roman Empire was a realm that existed from 962 to 1806 in Central Europe.It was ruled by the Holy Roman Emperor. Its character changed during the Middle Ages and the Early Modern period, when the power of the emperor gradually weakened in favour of the princes...
. Minden
Minden
Minden is a town of about 83,000 inhabitants in the north-east of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. The town extends along both sides of the river Weser. It is the capital of the Kreis of Minden-Lübbecke, which is part of the region of Detmold. Minden is the historic political centre of the...
was the seat of the chapter
Cathedral chapter
In accordance with canon law, a cathedral chapter is a college of clerics formed to advise a bishop and, in the case of a vacancy of the episcopal see in some countries, to govern the diocese in his stead. These councils are made up of canons and dignitaries; in the Roman Catholic church their...
, the cathedral
Cathedral
A cathedral is a Christian church that contains the seat of a bishop...
and residence of the bishops until 1305, Petershagen
Petershagen
Petershagen is a town in the Minden-Lübbecke district, in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.-Geography:Petershagen is situated on the river Weser, approx...
became the prince-episcopal residence since.
Titles of the incumbents of the Minden See
Not all incumbents of the Minden See were imperially invested princely power as Prince-Bishops and not all were papally confirmed as bishops. In 1180 part of the Minden diocesan territory were disentangled from the Duchy of SaxonyDuchy of Saxony
The medieval Duchy of Saxony was a late Early Middle Ages "Carolingian stem duchy" covering the greater part of Northern Germany. It covered the area of the modern German states of Bremen, Hamburg, Lower Saxony, North Rhine-Westphalia, and Saxony-Anhalt and most of Schleswig-Holstein...
and became an own territory of imperial immediacy called Prince-Bishopric of Minden, a vassal of the Holy Roman Empire. The prince-bishopric was an elective monarchy
Elective monarchy
An elective monarchy is a monarchy ruled by an elected rather than hereditary monarch. The manner of election, the nature of the candidacy and the electors vary from case to case...
, with the monarch being the respective bishop usually elected by the Minden Cathedral
Minden Cathedral
Minden Cathedral, dedicated to Saints Gorgonius and Peter, is a Roman Catholic church in the city of Minden, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. From the year 803 AD, when the area was conquered by Charlemagne, it was the center of a diocese and subsequently became the center of a small sovereign...
chapter
Cathedral chapter
In accordance with canon law, a cathedral chapter is a college of clerics formed to advise a bishop and, in the case of a vacancy of the episcopal see in some countries, to govern the diocese in his stead. These councils are made up of canons and dignitaries; in the Roman Catholic church their...
, and confirmed by the Holy See
Holy See
The Holy See is the episcopal jurisdiction of the Catholic Church in Rome, in which its Bishop is commonly known as the Pope. It is the preeminent episcopal see of the Catholic Church, forming the central government of the Church. As such, diplomatically, and in other spheres the Holy See acts and...
, or exceptionally only appointed by the Holy See. Papally confirmed bishops were then invested by the emperor with the princely regalia
Regalia
Regalia is Latin plurale tantum for the privileges and the insignia characteristic of a Sovereign.The word stems from the Latin substantivation of the adjective regalis, 'regal', itself from Rex, 'king'...
, thus the title prince-bishop. However, sometimes the respective incumbent of the see never gained a papal confirmation, but was still invested the princely regalia. Also the opposite occurred with a papally confirmed bishop, never invested as prince. A number of incumbents, elected by the chapter, neither achieved papal confirmation nor imperial investiture
Investiture
Investiture, from the Latin is a rather general term for the formal installation of an incumbent...
, but as a matter of fact nevertheless de facto
De facto
De facto is a Latin expression that means "concerning fact." In law, it often means "in practice but not necessarily ordained by law" or "in practice or actuality, but not officially established." It is commonly used in contrast to de jure when referring to matters of law, governance, or...
held the princely power. Between about 1555 to 1631 all incumbents were Lutherans. The respective incumbents of the see bore the following titles:
- BishopBishop (Catholic Church)In the Catholic Church, a bishop is an ordained minister who holds the fullness of the sacrament of Holy Orders and is responsible for teaching the Catholic faith and ruling the Church....
of Minden until 1180 - Prince-BishopPrince-BishopA Prince-Bishop is a bishop who is a territorial Prince of the Church on account of one or more secular principalities, usually pre-existent titles of nobility held concurrently with their inherent clerical office...
of Minden from 1180 to 1554 and again 1631 to 1648 - Administrator of the Prince-Bishopric of Minden 1566 to 1630 and again 1631 to 1645. Either simply de facto replacing the Prince-Bishop or lacking canon-law prerequisites the incumbent of the see would officially only hold the title administrator (but nevertheless colloquially referred to as Prince-Bishop).
Catholic Bishops of Minden till 1180
Roman Catholic Bishops of Minden till 1180 | |||||
Episcopate | Portrait | Name | Birth and death with places |
Reason for end of office |
Notes |
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803–813 | Erkanbert also Ercumbert, Herkumbert, Herumbert |
Gollachgau (near Würzburg), *unknown – 7 June 830*, Minden Minden Minden is a town of about 83,000 inhabitants in the north-east of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. The town extends along both sides of the river Weser. It is the capital of the Kreis of Minden-Lübbecke, which is part of the region of Detmold. Minden is the historic political centre of the... |
resigned? | saint Saint A saint is a holy person. In various religions, saints are people who are believed to have exceptional holiness.In Christian usage, "saint" refers to any believer who is "in Christ", and in whom Christ dwells, whether in heaven or in earth... , feast day: 7 June |
|
813–853 | Hardward | *unknown – 16 September 853*, Minden | death | saint Saint A saint is a holy person. In various religions, saints are people who are believed to have exceptional holiness.In Christian usage, "saint" refers to any believer who is "in Christ", and in whom Christ dwells, whether in heaven or in earth... , feast day: 13 April |
|
853–880 | Theoderic as Dietrich I |
*unknown – 2 February 880*, near Ebstorf Ebstorf Ebstorf is a municipality in the district of Uelzen, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is situated approx. 12 km northwest of Uelzen, and 25 km south of Lüneburg.... |
killed in action | martyr Martyr A martyr is somebody who suffers persecution and death for refusing to renounce, or accept, a belief or cause, usually religious.-Meaning:... , saint Saint A saint is a holy person. In various religions, saints are people who are believed to have exceptional holiness.In Christian usage, "saint" refers to any believer who is "in Christ", and in whom Christ dwells, whether in heaven or in earth... , feast day: 2 February |
|
880–886 | Wulfhar also: Wulfar or Wolfer |
*unknown – 15 September 886*, Minden | killed by invasors | ||
886–887 | sede vacante Sede vacante Sede vacante is an expression, used in the Canon Law of the Catholic Church, that refers to the vacancy of the episcopal see of a particular church... |
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887–902 | Drogo | *unknown – 5 June 902* | death | ||
902–905 | Adalbert | ||||
905–914 | Bernard | ||||
914–927 | Lothair | ||||
927–950 | Ebergisl | ||||
950–958 | Helmward | ||||
958–969 | Landward | ||||
969–996 | Milo | ||||
996–1002 | Ramward | ||||
1002–1022 | Dietrich as Dietrich II |
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1022–1036 | Siegbert also: Sigebert |
*unknown – 1036* | death | ||
1037–1055 | Bruno of Waldeck (House of Waldeck) |
*c. 1000 – 10 February 1055* | death | ||
1055–1080 | Egilbert | Bavaria, *unknown – 3 December 1080* | death | ||
1080–1089 | Reinward | ||||
1080–1096 | Volkmar | ||||
1089–1097 | Ulrich | ||||
1097–1112 | Gottschalk | ||||
1097–1105 and again 1113–1119 |
Widelo also Witelo, Wylo |
*unknown – 28 December 1119* | death | as anti-bishop repressed in 1105, unrivalled in office since 1113 | |
1120–1140 | Sigward also: Siegward |
*unknown – 1140* | death | ||
1140–1153 | Henry Cuno as Henry I |
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1153–1170 | Werner | Bückeburg Bückeburg Bückeburg is a town in Lower Saxony, Germany, on the border with North Rhine Westphalia. It was once the capital of the tiny principality of Schaumburg-Lippe and is today located in the district of Schaumburg close to the northern slopes of the Weserbergland ridge... , *unknown – 1170* |
death | celebrated the marriage of Henry the Lion Henry the Lion Henry the Lion was a member of the Welf dynasty and Duke of Saxony, as Henry III, from 1142, and Duke of Bavaria, as Henry XII, from 1156, which duchies he held until 1180.... and Matilda of England, Plantagenêt Matilda of England, Duchess of Saxony Matilda of England was the eldest daughter of Henry II of England and Eleanor of Aquitaine. Through her marriage with Henry the Lion, she was Duchess of Saxony and later of Bavaria.-Early life:... |
|
1170–1185 | Anno of Landsberg | *unknown – 1185* | death | ||
Catholic Prince-Bishops (1180–1554)
Roman Catholic Prince-Bishops of Minden (1180-1554) | |||||
Reign and episcopate | Portrait | Name | Birth and death with places |
Reason for end of office |
Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1170–1185 | Anno of Landsberg | *unknown – 1185* | death | ||
1185–1206 | Thietmar Thietmar of Minden Saint Thietmar of Minden was bishop of Minden from 1185 or 1186 until his death in 1206. According to tradition, Thietmar was from Bavaria.... also: Thiemo, modernised: Dietmar |
Bavaria, *unknown – 5 March 1206* | death | saint Saint A saint is a holy person. In various religions, saints are people who are believed to have exceptional holiness.In Christian usage, "saint" refers to any believer who is "in Christ", and in whom Christ dwells, whether in heaven or in earth... , feast day: 5 March |
|
1206–1209 | Henry as Henry II |
*unknown – 30 July 1209* | death | ||
1209–1236 | Conrad of Rüdenberg also: of Diepholz as Conrad I |
*unknown – 26 June 1236* | death | ||
1236–1242 | William of Diepholz as William I (Counts of Diepholz) |
*unknown – 2 May 1242* | death | brother of the next | |
1242–1253 | John of Diepholz (Counts of Diepholz) |
*c. 1175 – 13 January 1253* | death | brother of the former | |
1253–1261 | Wedekind of Hoya as Wedekind I (Counts of Hoya) |
*unknown – 1261* | death | son of Henry II, Count of Hoya | |
1261–1266 | Cuno | ||||
1266–1275 | Otto as Otto I |
Stendal Stendal Stendal is a town in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. It is the capital of Stendal District and unofficial capital of the Altmark. Its population in 2001 was 38,900. It is located some west of Berlin and around east of Hanover... , *unknown – 1275* |
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1275–1293 | Volkwin of Schwalenberg | *c. 1240/1245 – 4 May 1293*, | death | brother of Ludolph's brother's or sister's spouse | |
1293–1295 | Conrad of Wardenberg as Conrad II |
*unknown – 1295* | death | ||
1295–1304 | Ludolph of Rostorf also: Rosdorf |
Hardenberg Nörten-Hardenberg Nörten-Hardenberg is a municipality in the district of Northeim, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is situated on the river Leine, approx. 10 km southwest of Northeim, and 10 km north of Göttingen.- References :... , *c. 1240 – 1304*, Minden |
death | brother of Volkwin's brother's or sister's spouse through his sister Jutta granduncle of the next |
|
1304–1324 | Godfrey of Waldeck (House of Waldeck) |
*c. 1255/1260 – 14 May 1324* | death | brother of Adolf II of Waldeck Adolf II of Waldeck Adolf II van Waldeck was count of Waldeck from 1270 to 1276 and prince bishop of Liège from 1301 to 1302.-Life:Adolf was a son of count Hendrik III of Waldeck and of Mechthild of Cuyk-Arnsberg. In 1270 he followed his grandfather Adolf I of Waldeck as count of Waldeck... ; by his granduncle's wife also grandnephew of Ludolph moved the prince-episcopal residence to Petershagen Petershagen Petershagen is a town in the Minden-Lübbecke district, in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.-Geography:Petershagen is situated on the river Weser, approx... castle |
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1324–1346 | Louis of Brunswick and Lunenburg, Lunenburg (House of Welf) |
*c. 1300 – 18 July 1346*, Walsrode Walsrode -Middle Ages:986 Foundation of Walsrode Abbey by Count Walo. The first recorded mentionof the town is dated May 7, 986.1383 The dukes of Brunswick and Lüneburg grant Walsrode a town charter.1479 First recorded instance of Walsrode's coat of arms... |
death | son of Otto the Strict | |
1346–1353 | Gerard of Schauenburg as Gerard I (House of Schaumburg) |
*unknown – 1 January 1353* | death | son of Adolphus VI, Count of Schauenburg and Holstein-Pinneberg | |
1353–1361 | Dietrich Kagelwit also Kugelweit, Dietrich of Portitz as Dietrich III |
Stendal Stendal Stendal is a town in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. It is the capital of Stendal District and unofficial capital of the Altmark. Its population in 2001 was 38,900. It is located some west of Berlin and around east of Hanover... , *c. 1300 – 17 December 1367 |
became Prince-Archbishop of Magdeburg Archbishopric of Magdeburg The Archbishopric of Magdeburg was a Roman Catholic archdiocese and Prince-Bishopric of the Holy Roman Empire centered on the city of Magdeburg on the Elbe River.... in 1361 (as Dietrich I) |
before Bishop of Schleswig (1351–1353) | |
1361–1366 | Gerard of Schaumburg as Gerard II (House of Schaumburg) |
*unknown – 25 September 1366* | son of Adolphus VII, Count of Schauenburg and Holstein-Pinneberg | ||
1366–1368 | Otto of Wettin also: of Golßen as Otto II (House of Wettin) |
*unknown – 16 July 1368* | death | son of Otto, Burgrave of Wettin and Golßen | |
1369–1383 | Wedekind of Schalksberg also: Wittekind vom Berge as Wedekind II |
*unknown – 1383* | death | son of Wedekind IV, Lord of Schalksberg | |
1384–1397 | Otto of Schalksberg also: vom Berge as Otto III |
*unknown – 1 January 1398* | resigned | last heir of the Lordship of Schalksberg, which he bequeathed to the Minden see; son of Wedekind IV, Lord of Schalksberg | |
1397–1398 | Gerard of Hoya as Gerard III (Counts of Hoya) |
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1398 | Marquard of Randegg also: Randeck |
*unknown – 28. Dezember 1406* | became Prince-Bishop of Constance in 1398 | nephew of Patriarch Marquard of Randeck Marquard of Randeck Marquard of Randeck was Patriarch of Aquileia from 1365 until his death.-Biography:... |
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1398–1402 | William of Buchen as William II |
death | |||
1402–1403 | sede vacante Sede vacante Sede vacante is an expression, used in the Canon Law of the Catholic Church, that refers to the vacancy of the episcopal see of a particular church... |
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1403–1406 | Otto of Rietberg as Otto IV |
*unknown – 1406* | death | son of Otto II, Count of Rietberg | |
1406–1436 | Wilbrand of Hallermund also: Wulbrand |
*? – 23 December 1436* | death | before prince-Abbot Prince-abbot A Prince-Abbot is a title for a cleric who is a Prince of the Church , in the sense of an ex officio temporal lord of a feudal entity, notably a State of the Holy Roman Empire. The secular territory ruled by the head of an abbey is known as Prince-Abbacy or Abbey-principality... of Corvey Abbey Corvey Abbey The Imperial Abbey of Corvey was a Benedictine monastery on the River Weser, 2 km northeast of Höxter, now in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.... (1398–1406), last heir of the County of Hallermund, son of Wilbrand, Count of Hallermund, |
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1436–1473 | Albert of Hoya German: Albrecht (Counts of Hoya) |
son of Eric I, Count of Hoya | |||
1473–1508 | Henry of Schauenburg as Henry III (House of Schaumburg) |
son of Otto II, Count of Schauenburg and Holstein-Pinneberg | |||
1508–1529 | Francis of Brunswick and Lunenburg, Wolfenbüttel as Francis I (House of Welf) |
*1492 – 25 November 1529*, Wolfenbüttel Wolfenbüttel Wolfenbüttel is a town in Lower Saxony, Germany, located on the Oker river about 13 kilometres south of Brunswick. It is the seat of the District of Wolfenbüttel and of the bishop of the Protestant Lutheran State Church of Brunswick... |
death | son of Henry IV Henry IV, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg Henry , Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, called Henry the Elder or Henry the Evil, was prince of Wolfenbüttel from 1491 until his death.-Life:... |
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1530–1553 | Francis of Waldeck as Francis II (House of Waldeck) |
Sparrenberg Castle Sparrenberg Castle The Sparrenburg is a restored fortress in the Bielefeld-Mitte district of Bielefeld, Germany. It is situated on the Sparrenberg in the Teutoburg Forest and towers above the city centre. Its current appearance mainly originated in the 16th and 19th century... , *1491 – 15 July 1553*, Wolbeck (a part of today's Minden) |
death | also Prince-Bishop of Münster (1532–1553) and of Osnabrück Prince-Bishopric of Osnabrück The Prince-Bishopric of Osnabrück was a prince-bishopric centred on the Roman Catholic Diocese of Osnabrück. The diocese was erected in 772 and is the oldest see founded by Charlemagne, in order to Christianize the conquered stem-duchy of Saxony.... (1532–1553) |
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1553–1554 | Julius of Brunswick and Lunenburg, Wolfenbüttel (House of Welf) |
Wolfenbüttel Wolfenbüttel Wolfenbüttel is a town in Lower Saxony, Germany, located on the Oker river about 13 kilometres south of Brunswick. It is the seat of the District of Wolfenbüttel and of the bishop of the Protestant Lutheran State Church of Brunswick... , *29 June 1528 – 3 May 1589*, Wolfenbüttel |
resigned, became heir to the Principality of Wolfenbüttel | Prince of Wolfenbüttel (1568–1589) and of Calenberg (1584–1589) | |
Lutheran Prince-Bishop and Administrators of the Prince-Bishopric
Lutheran Prince-Bishop and Administrators of the Prince-Bishopric (1554–1631) | |||||
Reign and episcopate | Portrait | Name | Birth and death with places |
Reason for end of office |
Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1554–1566 | George of Brunswick and Lunenburg, Wolfenbüttel (House of Welf) |
*22 November 1494 – 4 December 1566*, Verden upon Aller | death | elected by the Minden chapter and papally confirmed bishop, turned Lutheran and thus later acceding only as administrator (lacking papal confirmation) of the Bremen Archbishopric of Bremen The Archdiocese of Bremen was a historical Roman Catholic diocese and formed from 1180 to 1648 an ecclesiastical state , named Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen within the Holy Roman Empire... and Verden sees (1558–1566) |
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1566–1582 | Hermann of Schauenburg (House of Schaumburg) |
*1545–1592* | son of Otto IV of Schaumburg Otto IV of Schaumburg Otto IV of Schaumburg , Count of Hogsmeade, adopted the teachings of Albus Dumbledore. However, with respect to his elder brothers, Durmstrang's Archbishop-Electors Gellert Grindewald and Igor Karkaroff , he refrained from open confrontation... |
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1582–1585 | Henry Julius of Brunswick and Lunenburg, Wolfenbüttel (House of Welf) |
Hessen am Fallstein Hessen (Osterwieck) Hessen is a village in the district of Harz, in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. Since 1 January 2010, it is part of the town Osterwieck.... , *15 October 1564 – 20 July 1613*, Prague Prague Prague is the capital and largest city of the Czech Republic. Situated in the north-west of the country on the Vltava river, the city is home to about 1.3 million people, while its metropolitan area is estimated to have a population of over 2.3 million... |
resigned, became Prince of Calenberg and of Wolfenbüttel in 1589 | also administrator of the Prince-Bishopric of Halberstadt (1566-1613) | |
1585–1587 | sede vacante Sede vacante Sede vacante is an expression, used in the Canon Law of the Catholic Church, that refers to the vacancy of the episcopal see of a particular church... |
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1587–1599 | Anthony of Schauenburg (House of Schaumburg) |
*1549–1599* | death | son of Otto IV of Schaumburg Otto IV of Schaumburg Otto IV of Schaumburg , Count of Hogsmeade, adopted the teachings of Albus Dumbledore. However, with respect to his elder brothers, Durmstrang's Archbishop-Electors Gellert Grindewald and Igor Karkaroff , he refrained from open confrontation... |
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1599–1625 | Christian of Brunswick and Lunenburg, Celle Christian, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg Christian the Elder, Duke of Brunswick and Lunenburg, was Prince of Lüneburg and Administrator of the Prince-Bishopric of Minden.- Life :... (House of Welf) |
*9 November 1566 – 8 November 1633* | deposed | as Christian the Elder also Prince of Lunenburg-Celle Principality of Lüneburg The Principality of Lüneburg was a territorial division of the Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg within the Holy Roman Empire, immediately subordinate to the emperor. It existed from 1269 until 1705 and its territory lay within the modern-day state of Lower Saxony in Germany... (1611–1633) |
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1625–1631 | sede vacante | ||||
Catholic Prince-Bishop (1631–1648)
Roman Catholic Prince-Bishop of Minden (1631–1648) | |||||
Reign and episcopate | Portrait | Name | Birth and death with places |
Reason for end of office |
Notes |
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1631–1648 | Francis of Wartenberg as Francis III |
Munich Munich Munich The city's motto is "" . Before 2006, it was "Weltstadt mit Herz" . Its native name, , is derived from the Old High German Munichen, meaning "by the monks' place". The city's name derives from the monks of the Benedictine order who founded the city; hence the monk depicted on the city's coat... , *1 March 1593 – 1 December 1661*, Ratisbon Regensburg Regensburg is a city in Bavaria, Germany, located at the confluence of the Danube and Regen rivers, at the northernmost bend in the Danube. To the east lies the Bavarian Forest. Regensburg is the capital of the Bavarian administrative region Upper Palatinate... |
deposed by the Swedish conquerors | papally appointed, lacking the capitular elective mandate also Prince-Bishop of Osnabrück (1625–1634 and again 1648–1661), of Verden (1630–1631), of Ratisbon Bishopric of Regensburg The Bishopric of Regensburg was a small prince-bishopric of the Holy Roman Empire, located in what is now southern Germany. It was elevated to the Archbishopric of Regensburg in 1803 after the dissolution of the Archbishopric of Mainz, but became a bishopric again in 1817.-History:The diocese... (1649–1661), and Vicar Apostolic of the Archdiocese of Bremen (1645/1648) |
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after 15 May 1648 | The Prince-Bishopric was converted into a heritable monarchy, the Principality of Minden, ruled in personal union Personal union A personal union is the combination by which two or more different states have the same monarch while their boundaries, their laws and their interests remain distinct. It should not be confused with a federation which is internationally considered a single state... by the House of Hohenzollern House of Hohenzollern The House of Hohenzollern is a noble family and royal dynasty of electors, kings and emperors of Prussia, Germany and Romania. It originated in the area around the town of Hechingen in Swabia during the 11th century. They took their name from their ancestral home, the Burg Hohenzollern castle near... in Brandenburg. |
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Sources
- Website Chronik Alt-Minden (retrieved on 29 April 2010)
- "Liste der Bischöfe" on Lexikon des MittelaltersLexikon des MittelaltersThe Lexikon des Mittelalters is a German encyclopedia on the history of the Middle Ages. Written by authors from all over the world, it comprises more than 36,000 articles in 9 volumes. The first six volumes were published by Artemis , Munich and Zürich; volumes seven through nine by LexMA, Munich...