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Linker of activated T cells

 

 
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Linker of activated T cells
 
 
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Linker of Activated T cells also known as LAT is a protein
Protein

Proteins are organic compounds made of amino acids arranged in a linear chain and joined together by peptide bonds between the carboxyl and amino groups of adjacent amino acid Residue ....
 which in humans is encoded by the LAT gene
Gene

A gene is the basic unit of heredity in a living organism. All living things depend on genes. Genes hold the information to build and maintain their cell and pass genetic trait to offspring....
. Alternative splicing
Alternative splicing

Alternative splicing is the RNA splicing variation mechanism in which the exons of the primary gene transcript, the pre-mRNA, are separated and reconnected so as to produce alternative ribonucleotide arrangements....
 results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms.

Function
The protein encoded by this gene is phosphorylated by ZAP70/SYK
Syk

Spleen tyrosine kinase, also known as Syk, is an enyzme which in humans is encoded by the SYK gene....
 protein tyrosine kinase
Tyrosine kinase

A tyrosine kinase is an enzyme that can transfer a phosphate group from Adenosine triphosphate to a tyrosine residue in a protein. Tyrosine kinases are a subgroup of the larger class of protein kinases....
s following activation of the T-cell antigen receptor (TCR
T cell receptor

The T cell receptor or TCR is a molecule found on the surface of T lymphocytes that is, in general, responsible for recognizing antigens bound to major histocompatibility complex molecules....
) signal transduction pathway. This transmembrane protein localizes to lipid raft
Lipid raft

A lipid raft is a cholesterol-enriched microdomain in cell membranes....
s (also known as glycosphingolipid-enriched microdomains or GEMs) and acts as a docking site for SH2 domain
SH2 domain

The SH2 domain is a structurally conserved protein domain contained within the Src oncoprotein and in many other intracellular signal transduction proteins....
-containing proteins.






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Encyclopedia


Linker of Activated T cells also known as LAT is a protein
Protein

Proteins are organic compounds made of amino acids arranged in a linear chain and joined together by peptide bonds between the carboxyl and amino groups of adjacent amino acid Residue ....
 which in humans is encoded by the LAT gene
Gene

A gene is the basic unit of heredity in a living organism. All living things depend on genes. Genes hold the information to build and maintain their cell and pass genetic trait to offspring....
. Alternative splicing
Alternative splicing

Alternative splicing is the RNA splicing variation mechanism in which the exons of the primary gene transcript, the pre-mRNA, are separated and reconnected so as to produce alternative ribonucleotide arrangements....
 results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms.

Function


The protein encoded by this gene is phosphorylated by ZAP70/SYK
Syk

Spleen tyrosine kinase, also known as Syk, is an enyzme which in humans is encoded by the SYK gene....
 protein tyrosine kinase
Tyrosine kinase

A tyrosine kinase is an enzyme that can transfer a phosphate group from Adenosine triphosphate to a tyrosine residue in a protein. Tyrosine kinases are a subgroup of the larger class of protein kinases....
s following activation of the T-cell antigen receptor (TCR
T cell receptor

The T cell receptor or TCR is a molecule found on the surface of T lymphocytes that is, in general, responsible for recognizing antigens bound to major histocompatibility complex molecules....
) signal transduction pathway. This transmembrane protein localizes to lipid raft
Lipid raft

A lipid raft is a cholesterol-enriched microdomain in cell membranes....
s (also known as glycosphingolipid-enriched microdomains or GEMs) and acts as a docking site for SH2 domain
SH2 domain

The SH2 domain is a structurally conserved protein domain contained within the Src oncoprotein and in many other intracellular signal transduction proteins....
-containing proteins. Upon phosphorylation
Phosphorylation

Phosphorylation is the addition of a phosphate group to a protein or other organic molecule. Protein phosphorylation in particular plays a significant role in a wide range of cellular processes....
, this protein recruits multiple adaptor proteins and downstream signaling molecules into multimolecular signaling complexes located near the site of TCR engagement.

Discovery


LAT was described in the early 1990s as a phosphoprotein
Phosphoprotein

Phosphoproteins are a group of proteins which are chemically bonded to a substance containing phosphoric acid . The category of organic molecules that includes Fc receptors, Ulks, Calcineurins, K chips, and urocortins....
 of 36–38 kDa
KDA

KDA may refer to:* Kongsberg Defence & Aerospace* Kotelawala Defence Academy* Kramer Design Associates* Lithium diisopropylamide, KDA is the potassium analogue of lithium diisopropylamide...
 (pp. 36–38) rapidly phosphorylated
Phosphorylation

Phosphorylation is the addition of a phosphate group to a protein or other organic molecule. Protein phosphorylation in particular plays a significant role in a wide range of cellular processes....
 on tyrosine
Tyrosine

Tyrosine or 4-hydroxyphenylalanine, is one of the 20 amino acids that are used by cell to protein biosynthesis proteins. This is a non-essential amino acid and it is found in casein....
 residues following TCR
TCR

TCR can mean:* Time code, a method of accounting for video or film footage and frames in media editing* T cell receptor* Toronto Civic Railways...
 ligation. Cloning of the gene
Gene

A gene is the basic unit of heredity in a living organism. All living things depend on genes. Genes hold the information to build and maintain their cell and pass genetic trait to offspring....
 revealed that the protein
Protein

Proteins are organic compounds made of amino acids arranged in a linear chain and joined together by peptide bonds between the carboxyl and amino groups of adjacent amino acid Residue ....
 product is a type III (leaderless) transmembrane protein of 262 aminoacids (long form) or 233 aminoacids (short form) in humans, 242 aminoacids in mouse, and 241 aminoacids in rat.

Further reading