Liborio Romano
Encyclopedia
Liborio Romano was an Italian
politician.
He was born in Patù
, near Santa Maria di Leuca
(Apulia
), then part of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies
. He studied at Lecce
and graduated in law at Naples
, soon beginning to teach in the same university.
Frequenting the Carbonari
, Romano adhered to the Risorgimento ideals. In 1820 he took part to the riots against the Neapolitan government, being imprisoned and exiled. In 1848 he returned to Naples and was instrumental in the events leading King Ferdinand II
to issue a Constitution
. On May 15, 1848 Romano was again arrested and condemned to death, but managed to turn it into exile, moving to Montpellier
in France
.
Romano returned in 1854. Six years later, with Giuseppe Garibaldi
's Expedition of the Thousand
ongoing, he was appointed Prefect of Police by King Francis II. While Garibaldi's victories were nearing the end of the Kingdom, on July 14, 1860 he was named Minister of the Interior and Police: Romano, realising the inevitability of the end, began secret contacts with Count Cavour, the Piedmontese
Prime Minister, and Garibaldi, preparing the switching of southern Italy into Savoy's hands. He suggested to King Francis that he move to the fortress of Gaeta
, in order to avoid riots, destruction and useless suffering to the Neapolitan population. When Garibaldi entered Naples, Romano was confirmed as Minister of the Interiors.
In January 1861 the first general elections of the new-born Kingdom of Italy
were held, and Romano was elected to the Italian Chamber of Deputies
, where he remained until 1865.
He died in his native Patù.
Italy
Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
politician.
He was born in Patù
Patù
Patù is a town and comune in the province of Lecce in the Puglia region, south-east Italy.-Main sights:*Mother Church of St. Michael Archangel , with a late Renaissance façade and a single nave...
, near Santa Maria di Leuca
Santa Maria di Leuca
Santa Maria di Leuca, often spelled simply Leuca, is a frazione of the comune of Castrignano del Capo, in the province of Lecce , southern Italy.A part of the town once belonged to the comune of Gagliano del Capo.- Description :...
(Apulia
Apulia
Apulia is a region in Southern Italy bordering the Adriatic Sea in the east, the Ionian Sea to the southeast, and the Strait of Òtranto and Gulf of Taranto in the south. Its most southern portion, known as Salento peninsula, forms a high heel on the "boot" of Italy. The region comprises , and...
), then part of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies
Kingdom of the Two Sicilies
The Kingdom of the Two Sicilies, commonly known as the Two Sicilies even before formally coming into being, was the largest and wealthiest of the Italian states before Italian unification...
. He studied at Lecce
Lecce
Lecce is a historic city of 95,200 inhabitants in southern Italy, the capital of the province of Lecce, the second province in the region by population, as well as one of the most important cities of Puglia...
and graduated in law at Naples
Naples
Naples is a city in Southern Italy, situated on the country's west coast by the Gulf of Naples. Lying between two notable volcanic regions, Mount Vesuvius and the Phlegraean Fields, it is the capital of the region of Campania and of the province of Naples...
, soon beginning to teach in the same university.
Frequenting the Carbonari
Carbonari
The Carbonari were groups of secret revolutionary societies founded in early 19th-century Italy. The Italian Carbonari may have further influenced other revolutionary groups in Spain, France, Portugal and possibly Russia. Although their goals often had a patriotic and liberal focus, they lacked a...
, Romano adhered to the Risorgimento ideals. In 1820 he took part to the riots against the Neapolitan government, being imprisoned and exiled. In 1848 he returned to Naples and was instrumental in the events leading King Ferdinand II
Ferdinand II of the Two Sicilies
Ferdinand II was King of the Two Sicilies from 1830 until his death.-Family:Ferdinand was born in Palermo, the son of King Francis I of the Two Sicilies and his wife and first cousin Maria Isabella of Spain.His paternal grandparents were King Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies and Queen Marie...
to issue a Constitution
Constitution
A constitution is a set of fundamental principles or established precedents according to which a state or other organization is governed. These rules together make up, i.e. constitute, what the entity is...
. On May 15, 1848 Romano was again arrested and condemned to death, but managed to turn it into exile, moving to Montpellier
Montpellier
-Neighbourhoods:Since 2001, Montpellier has been divided into seven official neighbourhoods, themselves divided into sub-neighbourhoods. Each of them possesses a neighbourhood council....
in France
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
.
Romano returned in 1854. Six years later, with Giuseppe Garibaldi
Giuseppe Garibaldi
Giuseppe Garibaldi was an Italian military and political figure. In his twenties, he joined the Carbonari Italian patriot revolutionaries, and fled Italy after a failed insurrection. Garibaldi took part in the War of the Farrapos and the Uruguayan Civil War leading the Italian Legion, and...
's Expedition of the Thousand
Expedition of the Thousand
The Expedition of the Thousand was a military campaign led by the revolutionary general Giuseppe Garibaldi in 1860. A force of volunteers defeated the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies, leading to its dissolution and annexation by the Kingdom of Sardinia, an important step in the creation of a newly...
ongoing, he was appointed Prefect of Police by King Francis II. While Garibaldi's victories were nearing the end of the Kingdom, on July 14, 1860 he was named Minister of the Interior and Police: Romano, realising the inevitability of the end, began secret contacts with Count Cavour, the Piedmontese
House of Savoy
The House of Savoy was formed in the early 11th century in the historical Savoy region. Through gradual expansion, it grew from ruling a small county in that region to eventually rule the Kingdom of Italy from 1861 until the end of World War II, king of Croatia and King of Armenia...
Prime Minister, and Garibaldi, preparing the switching of southern Italy into Savoy's hands. He suggested to King Francis that he move to the fortress of Gaeta
Gaeta
Gaeta is a city and comune in the province of Latina, in Lazio, central Italy. Set on a promontory stretching towards the Gulf of Gaeta, it is 120 km from Rome and 80 km from Naples....
, in order to avoid riots, destruction and useless suffering to the Neapolitan population. When Garibaldi entered Naples, Romano was confirmed as Minister of the Interiors.
In January 1861 the first general elections of the new-born Kingdom of Italy
Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946)
The Kingdom of Italy was a state forged in 1861 by the unification of Italy under the influence of the Kingdom of Sardinia, which was its legal predecessor state...
were held, and Romano was elected to the Italian Chamber of Deputies
Italian Chamber of Deputies
The Italian Chamber of Deputies is the lower house of the Parliament of Italy. It has 630 seats, a plurality of which is controlled presently by liberal-conservative party People of Freedom. Twelve deputies represent Italian citizens outside of Italy. Deputies meet in the Palazzo Montecitorio. A...
, where he remained until 1865.
He died in his native Patù.
See also
- Risorgimento