Konrad I, Duke of Silesia-Glogau
Encyclopedia
Konrad I of Głogów was Duke of Głogów (Glogau) from 1251 until his death.
He was the fourth son of Henry II the Pious
, Duke of Wroclaw
, by his wife Anna, daughter of King Ottokar I of Bohemia
.
(9 April 1241) Konrad and his younger brother Władysław were placed under the guardianship of their older brother Bolesław II the Bald. In order to avoid excessive fragmentation of the paternal lands, the elder Duke, with the approval of their mother, sent him to study in Paris
, where he was to be educated with the intention of becoming a priest in the future.
However, when Konrad found out about the division of the family lands between his older brothers Bolesław II the Bald and Henry III the White in 1248, he returned to the country and claimed his part in the Silesian inheritance.
Soon an agreement was reached under which Konrad remained under the protection and care of his older brother, who gave him the title of co-ruler. Bolesław II (who wanted to get rid of him) proposed Konrad for spiritual posts: first, as Provost
of Głogów Cathedral, and then Bishop of Passau
in Bavaria. Konrad, however, didn't have any intention of pursuing an ecclesiastical career and soon fell into conflict with Bolesław II.
Konrad fled to Greater Poland
(June 1249), where he could count on the support of Duke Przemysł I and he managed to conquer Bytom Odrzański (Beuthen an der Oder)
. Konrad's bonds with the Dukes of Greater Poland were reinforced after his marriage with Przemysł I's sister Salome. His other brother Henry III the White soon became another ally in the fight against Bolesław II.
With the help of his new allies, and thanks to the revolt of the townspeople of Głogów, the campaign against Bolesław II ended in complete success (1251). The Duke of Legnica was forced to accept his defeat and give Głogów to Konrad as a Duchy. Until the end of his life Konrad's relations with his brother Bolesław II remain strained. In 1257 Konrad made a dangerous move and kidnapped Bolesław from his castle in Legnica. The Duke regained his freedom after a few months, but it is unknown at what price. It can be said that after that the Duke never left Bolesław II a moment of happiness, but in 1271 the Duke of Legnica managed to take the town of Bolesławiec near Bóbr
.
In 1260 Konrad established closer contacts with Bohemia
and became involved in the politics of King Ottokar II
. Also he promoted foreign colonization in his lands, mostly by Germans. This was a decisive contribution to the institution of the Magdeburg rights
in Głogów in 1253.
In contrast to his brother Bolesław II, Konrad vigorously supported Bishop Thomas I of Wrocław. However, when the Bishop died in 1268 Konrad began to violate the privileges conferred by him, which led to conflicts with the new Bishop Thomas II Zaremba.
At the end of his life he founded a church in Zielona Góra
(now a Co-cathedral
) dedicated to his grandmother, St. Hedwig of Andechs
. The church was completed only twenty years after his death by his son Henry III.
(b. ca. 1225 - d. April 1267?), daughter of Duke Władysław of Greater Poland
. They had six children:
By 1271, Konrad married his second wife, Sophie
(b. ca. 1259 - d. 24 August 1318), daughter of Dietrich the Wise, Margrave
of Landsberg
(second son of Henry III, Margrave of Meissen
) and — according to some sources — widow of the last legitimate male member of the House of Hohenstaufen, Conradin
, King of Sicily
and Jerusalen
. They had no children.
| style="width:30%; text-align:center;"| Preceded by
new creation
| style="width:40%; text-align:center;"| Duke of Legnica
with Bolesław II
1248–1251
| style="width:30%; text-align:center;" rowspan="2"| Succeeded by
Bolesław II the Bald
|-
| style="width:30%; text-align:center;"| Preceded by
new creation
| style="width:40%; text-align:center;"| Duke of Jauer
with Bolesław II
1248–1251
|-
He was the fourth son of Henry II the Pious
Henry II the Pious
Henry II the Pious , of the Silesian line of the Piast dynasty was Duke of Silesia at Wrocław and Duke of Kraków and thus High Duke of all Poland as well as Duke of Southern Greater Poland from 1238 until his death. During 1238–1239 he also served as a regent of two other Piast duchies: Sandomierz...
, Duke of Wroclaw
Wroclaw
Wrocław , situated on the River Oder , is the main city of southwestern Poland.Wrocław was the historical capital of Silesia and is today the capital of the Lower Silesian Voivodeship. Over the centuries, the city has been part of either Poland, Bohemia, Austria, Prussia, or Germany, but since 1945...
, by his wife Anna, daughter of King Ottokar I of Bohemia
Ottokar I of Bohemia
-External links:...
.
Life
At the time of his father's death in the Battle of LegnicaBattle of Legnica
The Battle of Legnica , also known as the Battle of Liegnitz or Battle of Wahlstatt , was a battle between the Mongol Empire and the combined defending forces of European fighters that took place at Legnickie Pole near the city of Legnica in Silesia on 9 April 1241.A combined force of Poles,...
(9 April 1241) Konrad and his younger brother Władysław were placed under the guardianship of their older brother Bolesław II the Bald. In order to avoid excessive fragmentation of the paternal lands, the elder Duke, with the approval of their mother, sent him to study in Paris
Paris
Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...
, where he was to be educated with the intention of becoming a priest in the future.
However, when Konrad found out about the division of the family lands between his older brothers Bolesław II the Bald and Henry III the White in 1248, he returned to the country and claimed his part in the Silesian inheritance.
Soon an agreement was reached under which Konrad remained under the protection and care of his older brother, who gave him the title of co-ruler. Bolesław II (who wanted to get rid of him) proposed Konrad for spiritual posts: first, as Provost
Provost (religion)
A provost is a senior official in a number of Christian churches.-Historical Development:The word praepositus was originally applied to any ecclesiastical ruler or dignitary...
of Głogów Cathedral, and then Bishop of Passau
Passau
Passau is a town in Lower Bavaria, Germany. It is also known as the Dreiflüssestadt or "City of Three Rivers," because the Danube is joined at Passau by the Inn from the south and the Ilz from the north....
in Bavaria. Konrad, however, didn't have any intention of pursuing an ecclesiastical career and soon fell into conflict with Bolesław II.
Konrad fled to Greater Poland
Greater Poland
Greater Poland or Great Poland, often known by its Polish name Wielkopolska is a historical region of west-central Poland. Its chief city is Poznań.The boundaries of Greater Poland have varied somewhat throughout history...
(June 1249), where he could count on the support of Duke Przemysł I and he managed to conquer Bytom Odrzański (Beuthen an der Oder)
Bytom Odrzanski
Bytom Odrzański is a town on the Oder river in western Poland, in Nowa Sól County of Lubusz Voivodeship.-History:Archaeological findings from the Stone Age and Bronze Age around Bytom suggest a early settlement. A Slavic gród is mentioned in 1005...
. Konrad's bonds with the Dukes of Greater Poland were reinforced after his marriage with Przemysł I's sister Salome. His other brother Henry III the White soon became another ally in the fight against Bolesław II.
With the help of his new allies, and thanks to the revolt of the townspeople of Głogów, the campaign against Bolesław II ended in complete success (1251). The Duke of Legnica was forced to accept his defeat and give Głogów to Konrad as a Duchy. Until the end of his life Konrad's relations with his brother Bolesław II remain strained. In 1257 Konrad made a dangerous move and kidnapped Bolesław from his castle in Legnica. The Duke regained his freedom after a few months, but it is unknown at what price. It can be said that after that the Duke never left Bolesław II a moment of happiness, but in 1271 the Duke of Legnica managed to take the town of Bolesławiec near Bóbr
Bóbr
Bóbr is a river which runs through the north of the Czech Republic and the southwest of Poland, a left tributary of the Oder River, with a length of and a basin area of .The Bóbr originates in the Rýchory mountains in the southeast of the Karkonosze range, where the source is...
.
In 1260 Konrad established closer contacts with Bohemia
Bohemia
Bohemia is a historical region in central Europe, occupying the western two-thirds of the traditional Czech Lands. It is located in the contemporary Czech Republic with its capital in Prague...
and became involved in the politics of King Ottokar II
Ottokar II of Bohemia
Ottokar II , called The Iron and Golden King, was the King of Bohemia from 1253 until 1278. He was the Duke of Austria , Styria , Carinthia and Carniola also....
. Also he promoted foreign colonization in his lands, mostly by Germans. This was a decisive contribution to the institution of the Magdeburg rights
Magdeburg rights
Magdeburg Rights or Magdeburg Law were a set of German town laws regulating the degree of internal autonomy within cities and villages granted by a local ruler. Modelled and named after the laws of the German city of Magdeburg and developed during many centuries of the Holy Roman Empire, it was...
in Głogów in 1253.
In contrast to his brother Bolesław II, Konrad vigorously supported Bishop Thomas I of Wrocław. However, when the Bishop died in 1268 Konrad began to violate the privileges conferred by him, which led to conflicts with the new Bishop Thomas II Zaremba.
At the end of his life he founded a church in Zielona Góra
Zielona Góra
Zielona Góra is a city in Lubusz Voivodeship, in western Poland, with 117,557 inhabitants within the city limits and 294,000 inhabitants within the metropolitan area, including three neighbouring counties ....
(now a Co-cathedral
Co-cathedral
A co-cathedral is a cathedral church which shares the function of being a bishop's seat, or cathedra, with another cathedral. Instances of this occurred in England before the Protestant Reformation in the dioceses of Bath and Wells, and of Coventry and Lichfield, hence the names of these dioceses...
) dedicated to his grandmother, St. Hedwig of Andechs
Hedwig of Andechs
Saint Hedwig of Silesia , also Saint Hedwig of Andechs from the comital House of Andechs was Duchess of Silesia from 1201 and of Greater Poland from 1231 as well as High Duchess consort of Poland from 1232 until 1238.-Life:...
. The church was completed only twenty years after his death by his son Henry III.
Marriages and Issue
In 1249 Konrad contracted his first marriage to SalomeSalome of Greater Poland
Salome of Greater Poland also known as Odonicza , was a Polish princess member of the Piast dynasty from the Greater Poland branch and by marriage Duchess of Glogów....
(b. ca. 1225 - d. April 1267?), daughter of Duke Władysław of Greater Poland
Greater Poland
Greater Poland or Great Poland, often known by its Polish name Wielkopolska is a historical region of west-central Poland. Its chief city is Poznań.The boundaries of Greater Poland have varied somewhat throughout history...
. They had six children:
- AnnaAnna of GlogauAnna of Glogau was the eldest child of Konrad I, Duke of Silesia-Glogau and his first wife Salome of Greater Poland. Anna was a member of the House of Piast.- Family :...
(b. 1250/52 - d. 25 June 1271), married on 24 August 1260 to Duke Louis II of Upper BavariaLouis II, Duke of BavariaDuke Louis II of Bavaria was Duke of Bavaria and Count Palatine of the Rhine from 1253. Born in Heidelberg, he was a son of duke Otto II and Agnes of the Palatinate...
. - Henry IIIHenry III, Duke of Silesia-GlogauHenry III of Głogów was a Duke of Głogów from 1274 to his death and also Duke of parts of Greater Poland during 1306–1309....
(b. 1251/60 - d. 9 December 1309). - Konrad II the HunchbackKonrad II the HunchbackKonrad II the Hunchback was Duke of Ścinawa from 1278 to 1284 and Duke of Żagań from 1284 until his death.He was the second son of Konrad I, Duke of Głogów by his first wife Salome, daughter of Duke Władysław of Greater Poland...
(b. 1252/65 - d. 11 October 1304). - Euphemia (b. 12 January 1254 - d. bef. 1275), married by 13 May 1266 to Count Albert I of Gorizia.
- PrzemkoPrzemko of ŚcinawaPrzemko of Ścinawa was Duke of Żagań from 1278 to 1284 and Duke of Ścinawa from 1284 until his death.He was the third and youngest son of Konrad I, Duke of Głogów by his first wife Salome, daughter of Duke Władysław of Greater Poland.-Duke of Żagań and later of Ścinawa:After his father's death in...
(b. 1255/65 - d. killed in battle, Siewierz, 26 February 1289). - Hedwig (b. 1265? - d. 9 June 1318), Abbess of St. Klara, WroclawWroclawWrocław , situated on the River Oder , is the main city of southwestern Poland.Wrocław was the historical capital of Silesia and is today the capital of the Lower Silesian Voivodeship. Over the centuries, the city has been part of either Poland, Bohemia, Austria, Prussia, or Germany, but since 1945...
(1283).
By 1271, Konrad married his second wife, Sophie
Sophie of Landsberg
Sophie of Landsberg was a German princess member of the House of Wettin and by marriage Duchess of Glogów.She was the eldest child and eldest daughter of Dietrich the Wise, Margrave of Landsberg, by his wife Helena, daughter of John I, Margrave of Brandenburg.-Life:On 24 October 1266 was issued...
(b. ca. 1259 - d. 24 August 1318), daughter of Dietrich the Wise, Margrave
Margrave
A margrave or margravine was a medieval hereditary nobleman with military responsibilities in a border province of a kingdom. Border provinces usually had more exposure to military incursions from the outside, compared to interior provinces, and thus a margrave usually had larger and more active...
of Landsberg
Margraviate of Landsberg
The Margraviate of Landsberg was a march of the Holy Roman Empire that existed from the 12th to the 14th century. It was named after Landsberg Castle in present-day Saxony-Anhalt...
(second son of Henry III, Margrave of Meissen
Henry III, Margrave of Meissen
Henry III, called Henry the Illustrious from the House of Wettin was Margrave of Meissen and last Margrave of Lusatia from 1221 until his death; from 1242 also Landgrave of Thuringia.-Life:Born probably at the Albrechtsburg residence in Meissen, Henry was the youngest son of Margrave Theodoric I...
) and — according to some sources — widow of the last legitimate male member of the House of Hohenstaufen, Conradin
Conradin
Conrad , called the Younger or the Boy, but usually known by the diminutive Conradin , was the Duke of Swabia , King of Jerusalem , and King of Sicily .-Early childhood:Conradin was born in Wolfstein, Bavaria, to Conrad...
, King of Sicily
Sicily
Sicily is a region of Italy, and is the largest island in the Mediterranean Sea. Along with the surrounding minor islands, it constitutes an autonomous region of Italy, the Regione Autonoma Siciliana Sicily has a rich and unique culture, especially with regard to the arts, music, literature,...
and Jerusalen
Jerusalen
Jerusalen is a municipality and town of Colombia in the department of Cundinamarca....
. They had no children.
See also
- Beatrix von Silesia-Glogau
- SilesiaSilesiaSilesia is a historical region of Central Europe located mostly in Poland, with smaller parts also in the Czech Republic, and Germany.Silesia is rich in mineral and natural resources, and includes several important industrial areas. Silesia's largest city and historical capital is Wrocław...
- DuchyDuchyA duchy is a territory, fief, or domain ruled by a duke or duchess.Some duchies were sovereign in areas that would become unified realms only during the Modern era . In contrast, others were subordinate districts of those kingdoms that unified either partially or completely during the Medieval era...
| style="width:30%; text-align:center;"| Preceded by
new creation
| style="width:40%; text-align:center;"| Duke of Legnica
Duchy of Silesia
The Duchy of Silesia with its capital at Wrocław was a medieval duchy located in the historic Silesian region of Poland. Soon after it was formed under the Piast dynasty in 1138, it fragmented into various Duchies of Silesia. In 1327 the remaining Duchy of Wrocław as well as most other duchies...
with Bolesław II
1248–1251
| style="width:30%; text-align:center;" rowspan="2"| Succeeded by
Bolesław II the Bald
|-
| style="width:30%; text-align:center;"| Preceded by
new creation
| style="width:40%; text-align:center;"| Duke of Jauer
Duchy of Silesia
The Duchy of Silesia with its capital at Wrocław was a medieval duchy located in the historic Silesian region of Poland. Soon after it was formed under the Piast dynasty in 1138, it fragmented into various Duchies of Silesia. In 1327 the remaining Duchy of Wrocław as well as most other duchies...
with Bolesław II
1248–1251
|-