Julius Müller
Encyclopedia
Julius Müller was a German
Protestant theologian
.
, and studied at Breslau, Göttingen and Berlin, first law
, which he later abandoned for theology. From 1825 to 1831, he was in charge of several small parishes. In 1831, he was second university preacher at Göttingen University, and lectured on practical theology and pedagogics. In 1834, he became extraordinary professor of theology there. From 1835 to 1839 he was professor in Marburg. In 1839 he became professor ordinarius of theology at the University of Halle, where he remained for the rest of his life. He died at Halle
.
A disciple of Neander and friend of Richard Rothe
, Müller bitterly opposed the philosophy of G. W. F. Hegel
and the criticism of F. C. Baur
. His book, Über den Gegensatz des Protestantismus und das Catholicismus (On the opposition of Protestantism and Catholicism, 1833), called forth a reply from Baur, and he was one of those who attacked David Strauss
's Life of Jesus.
In 1846 he had been deputed to attend the General Evangelical Synod at Berlin
. Here he supported the Consensus-Union and afterwards defended himself in the pamphlets Die erste Generalsynode der evangelische Landeskirche Preussens (1847) and Die evangelische Union, ihr Wesen und göttliches Recht (1854). In 1848 he helped to found the Deutsch-evangelische Kirchentag, and two years later founded and edited (1850-1861), with August Neander
and Karl Nitzsch
, the Deutsche Zeitschrift für christliche Wissenschaft und christliches Leben.
His chief work, however, was Die christliche Lehre der Sünde (The Christian teaching of sin, 2 vols., 1839; 5th ed., 1867; Eng. trans. from 5th ed.), in which he carried scholasticism
so far as “to revive the ancient Gnostic theory of the fall of man before all time, a theory which found no favour amongst his theological friends” (Otto Pfleiderer
). Müller's other works include Dogmatische Abhandlungen (1870), and Das christliche Leben (3rd ed., 1847).
(1797-1840), an archeologist and philologist, and Eduard Müller
(1804-1875), a philologist.
Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
Protestant theologian
Theology
Theology is the systematic and rational study of religion and its influences and of the nature of religious truths, or the learned profession acquired by completing specialized training in religious studies, usually at a university or school of divinity or seminary.-Definition:Augustine of Hippo...
.
Biography
He was born at BriegBrzeg
Brzeg is a town in southwestern Poland with 38,496 inhabitants , situated in Silesia in the Opole Voivodeship on the left bank of the Oder...
, and studied at Breslau, Göttingen and Berlin, first law
Law
Law is a system of rules and guidelines which are enforced through social institutions to govern behavior, wherever possible. It shapes politics, economics and society in numerous ways and serves as a social mediator of relations between people. Contract law regulates everything from buying a bus...
, which he later abandoned for theology. From 1825 to 1831, he was in charge of several small parishes. In 1831, he was second university preacher at Göttingen University, and lectured on practical theology and pedagogics. In 1834, he became extraordinary professor of theology there. From 1835 to 1839 he was professor in Marburg. In 1839 he became professor ordinarius of theology at the University of Halle, where he remained for the rest of his life. He died at Halle
Halle, Saxony-Anhalt
Halle is the largest city in the German state of Saxony-Anhalt. It is also called Halle an der Saale in order to distinguish it from the town of Halle in North Rhine-Westphalia...
.
A disciple of Neander and friend of Richard Rothe
Richard Rothe
Richard Rothe was a German Lutheran theologian.-Biography:Richard Rothe was born at Posen, then part of Prussia....
, Müller bitterly opposed the philosophy of G. W. F. Hegel
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel was a German philosopher, one of the creators of German Idealism. His historicist and idealist account of reality as a whole revolutionized European philosophy and was an important precursor to Continental philosophy and Marxism.Hegel developed a comprehensive...
and the criticism of F. C. Baur
Ferdinand Christian Baur
Ferdinand Christian Baur was a German theologian and leader of the Tübingen school of theology...
. His book, Über den Gegensatz des Protestantismus und das Catholicismus (On the opposition of Protestantism and Catholicism, 1833), called forth a reply from Baur, and he was one of those who attacked David Strauss
David Strauss
David Friedrich Strauss was a German theologian and writer. He scandalized Christian Europe with his portrayal of the "historical Jesus," whose divine nature he denied...
's Life of Jesus.
In 1846 he had been deputed to attend the General Evangelical Synod at Berlin
Berlin
Berlin is the capital city of Germany and is one of the 16 states of Germany. With a population of 3.45 million people, Berlin is Germany's largest city. It is the second most populous city proper and the seventh most populous urban area in the European Union...
. Here he supported the Consensus-Union and afterwards defended himself in the pamphlets Die erste Generalsynode der evangelische Landeskirche Preussens (1847) and Die evangelische Union, ihr Wesen und göttliches Recht (1854). In 1848 he helped to found the Deutsch-evangelische Kirchentag, and two years later founded and edited (1850-1861), with August Neander
August Neander
Johann August Wilhelm Neander , was a German theologian and church historian.-Biography:Neander was born at Göttingen as David Mendel. His father, Emmanuel Mendel, is said to have been a Jewish pedlar, but August adopted the name of Neander on his baptism as a Protestant Christian...
and Karl Nitzsch
Karl Immanuel Nitzsch
Karl Immanuel Nitzsch , was a German Lutheran church leader.He was born at the small Saxon town of Borna near Leipzig. His father, Karl Ludwig Nitzsch, at that time pastor and superintendent in Borna, later became professor at Wittenberg and director of the seminary for preachers...
, the Deutsche Zeitschrift für christliche Wissenschaft und christliches Leben.
His chief work, however, was Die christliche Lehre der Sünde (The Christian teaching of sin, 2 vols., 1839; 5th ed., 1867; Eng. trans. from 5th ed.), in which he carried scholasticism
Scholasticism
Scholasticism is a method of critical thought which dominated teaching by the academics of medieval universities in Europe from about 1100–1500, and a program of employing that method in articulating and defending orthodoxy in an increasingly pluralistic context...
so far as “to revive the ancient Gnostic theory of the fall of man before all time, a theory which found no favour amongst his theological friends” (Otto Pfleiderer
Otto Pfleiderer
Otto Pfleiderer was a German Protestant theologian.-Biography:He was born at Stetten in Württemberg. From 1857 to 1861 he studied at the University of Tübingen under FC Baur, and afterwards in England and Scotland...
). Müller's other works include Dogmatische Abhandlungen (1870), and Das christliche Leben (3rd ed., 1847).
Family
His brothers were Karl Otfried MüllerKarl Otfried Müller
Karl Otfried Müller , was a German scholar and Philodorian, or admirer of ancient Sparta, who introduced the modern study of Greek mythology.-Biography:...
(1797-1840), an archeologist and philologist, and Eduard Müller
Eduard Müller (philologist)
Eduard Müller was a teacher and philologist of Germany.-Works:* Geschichte der Theorie der Kunst bei den Alten * Simson und Delilah , a tragedy-Family:* His brother Karl Otfried Müller was a noted archaeologist, and another...
(1804-1875), a philologist.