Jokyu
Encyclopedia
, also called Shōkyū, was a Japanese era name
(年号, nengō, lit. year name) after Kempō
and before Jōō. This period spanned the years from April 1219 through April 1222. The reigning emperor was Juntoku
-tennō (順徳天皇).
Japanese era name
The Japanese era calendar scheme is a common calendar scheme used in Japan, which identifies a year by the combination of the and the year number within the era...
(年号, nengō, lit. year name) after Kempō
Kempo (era)
was a Japanese era name after Kenryaku and before Jōkyū. This period spanned the years from December 1213 through April 1219...
and before Jōō. This period spanned the years from April 1219 through April 1222. The reigning emperor was Juntoku
Emperor Juntoku
was the 84th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. His reign spanned the years from 1210 through 1221.-Genealogy:...
-tennō (順徳天皇).
Change of era
- 1219 : The new era name was created because the previous era ended and a new one commenced in Kempo 3, on the 6th day of the 12th month of 1213.
Events of the Jōkyū era
- February 12, 1219 (Jōkyū 1, 26th day of the 1st month): Shogun SanetomoMinamoto no SanetomoMinamoto no Sanetomo was the third shogun of the Kamakura shogunate Sanetomo was the second son of the founder of the Kamakura shogunate Minamoto no Yoritomo, his mother was Hōjō Masako, and his older brother was the second Kamakura shogun Minamoto no Yoriie.His childhood name was...
was assassinated on the steps of Tsurugaoka Hachiman-gū in KamakuraKamakura, Kanagawais a city located in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan, about south-south-west of Tokyo. It used to be also called .Although Kamakura proper is today rather small, it is often described in history books as a former de facto capital of Japan as the seat of the Shogunate and of the Regency during the...
. The 40 years during which Minamoto no YoritomoMinamoto no Yoritomowas the founder and the first shogun of the Kamakura Shogunate of Japan. He ruled from 1192 until 1199.-Early life and exile :Yoritomo was the third son of Minamoto no Yoshitomo, heir of the Minamoto clan, and his official wife, a daughter of Fujiwara no Suenori, who was a member of the...
, Minamoto no YoriieMinamoto no Yoriiewas the second shogun of Japan's Kamakura shogunate, and the first son of first shogun Yoritomo.- Life :Born from Tokimasa's daughter Hōjō Masako at Hiki Yoshikazu's residence in Kamakura, Yoriie had as wet nurses the wives of powerful men like Hiki himself and Kajiwara Kagetoki, and Hiki's...
and Minamoto no Sanetomo were successive heads of the Kamakura shogunateKamakura shogunateThe Kamakura shogunate was a military dictatorship in Japan headed by the shoguns from 1185 to 1333. It was based in Kamakura. The Kamakura period draws its name from the capital of the shogunate...
was sometimes called "the period of the three shoguns." A new shogun was not to be named for several years during which the Kamakura bureaucracy nevertheless continued to function without interruption. - 1220 (Jōkyū 2, 2nd month): The emperor visited the Iwashimizu ShrineIwashimizu ShrineThe is a Shinto shrine in the city of Yawata in Kyoto Prefecture, Japan. -History:The shrine's Heian period connections with the Kyoto and the Imperial family date from its founding in 859 when construction on its earliest structures commenced...
and the Kamo Shrines. - May 13, 1221 (Jōkyū 3, 20th day of the 4th month): In the 11th year of Juntoku-tennō 's reign (順徳天皇11年), the emperor abdicated; and the succession (senso) was received by eldest son who was only 4 years old. Shortly thereafter, Emperor ChūkyōEmperor Chukyowas the 85th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. His reign spanned only months in 1221, and he was not officially listed amongst the emperors until 1870 because of doubts caused by the length of his reign...
is said to have acceded to the throne (sokui). The reign of Emperor Chūkyō spans a small number of months. - July 29, 1221 (Jōkyū 3, 9th day of the 7th month): In the 1st year of what is now considered to have been Chūkyō-tennō 's reign (仲恭天皇1年), he abruptly abdicated without designating an heir; and contemporary scholars then construed that the succession (senso) was received by a grandson of former Emperor Go-TobaEmperor Go-Tobawas the 82nd emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. His reign spanned the years from 1183 through 1198....
. - 1221 (Jōkyū 3): The Jōkyū WarJokyu War', also known as the Jōkyū Disturbance or the Jōkyū Rebellion, was fought in Japan between the forces of Retired Emperor Go-Toba and those of the Hōjō clan, regents of the Kamakura shogunate, whom the retired emperor was trying to overthrow....
(Jōkyū no ran) was an armed attempt by Emperor Go-TobaEmperor Go-Tobawas the 82nd emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. His reign spanned the years from 1183 through 1198....
and his supporters, trying unsuccessfully to take power from the Kamakura bakufu. - January 14, 1222 (Jōkyū 3, 1st day of the 12th month): Emperor Go-HorikawaEmperor Go-Horikawawas the 86th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. This reign spanned the years from 1221 through 1232....
acceded to the throne (sokui).
External links
- National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection
- New York Public Library Digital Gallery, early photograph of Shrine steps where Sanetomo was killed
| Jōkyū | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 4th |
| Gregorian Gregorian calendar The Gregorian calendar, also known as the Western calendar, or Christian calendar, is the internationally accepted civil calendar. It was introduced by Pope Gregory XIII, after whom the calendar was named, by a decree signed on 24 February 1582, a papal bull known by its opening words Inter... |
1219 | 1220 | 1221 | 1222 |
Preceded by: Kempo Kempo (era) was a Japanese era name after Kenryaku and before Jōkyū. This period spanned the years from December 1213 through April 1219... |
Era or nengō Japanese era name The Japanese era calendar scheme is a common calendar scheme used in Japan, which identifies a year by the combination of the and the year number within the era... : Jōkyū |
Succeeded by: Jōō |