Ipanema Hill
Encyclopedia
The Ipanema Hill "also known as Araçoiaba Ridge or "Serra de Araçoiaba", is a prominent and isolated topographic elevation in area about 5069 ha, located in the region of Sorocaba
, state of São Paulo
, Brazil
. The word Araçoiaba in the Tupi language means "place where the sun goes down" or "hiding from the sun," since the word Ipanema means "bad water". Ipanema Hill is located in Sorocaba River
Watershed, between the left bank tributaries, the rivers Sarapuí and Ipanema, has an altitude of 968 m above the sea level. It is surrounded by the municipalities of Sorocaba
, Iperó
, Araçoiaba da Serra
, and Capela do Alto
that are situated an average elevation of 600 m. It is noteworthy, therefore, focus on local and regional geology shows that it is an intrusion of igneous rocks of ultrabasic-alkaline nature of the Mesozoic
era (123 million years), who crossed the sedimentary rocks of the Paraná Basin
in an area with typical geomorphology of the Peripheral Depression, Zone of the Middle Tietê river. Today rocks present there are remnants of an ancient volcano
, so in the past, Ipanema Hill was a legitimate volcano
. The intrusion event half rose Itararé Subgroup sandstones and crystalline basement rocks also. The geomorphological feature of the hill is also called "Horst Dômico de Araçoiaba da Serra." There fenitization process by alkaline rocks of the intrusion and a significant radial dyke system surrounding the intrusion, with a few tens of kilometers long.
There is a rich history linked to the Ipanema Hill. The site was the scene of the construction of the first iron foundry in Brazil
, Royal St. John of Ipanema Iron Foundry
, currently marking its 200th anniversary.. There are also mystical stories, like the monk from Ipanema.
The area is part of the National Forest of Ipanema - "Flona", an environmental conservation unit established in 1992 and administered by the IBAMA
. The vegetation was classified as a region phytoecological semideciduous forest, with elements of the Mixed Dense Forest Ombrófila and savannah. He suffered intense anthropogenic activities by wood charcoal (fuel) for theRoyal St. John of Ipanema Iron Foundry, and decrees of mines for limestone mining and apatite, fires, etc.. The climate is cfa
type, in the classification of Köppen
The entire region of Ipanema Hill and its surroundings is of great potential from the standpoint of preservation, history, tourism, geological, geomorphological, archaeological, architectural, phytogeographical and climatic, technological, and others. In the Piedmont region is the location of Varnhagen ville, with the architectural and Ipanema Iron Foundry
, Ipanema Farm, where she ran CENEA, National Center for Agricultural Engineering, carrying out agricultural research and agricultural aviation school. The old railroad Sorocabana - EFS intersects the portion of the east and north of the hill and has a train station in hagen, whose current building was built in 1928.
In high Ipanema Hill there is a monument to Varnhagen
, visited by Royal Family on November 11, 1884. Another monument is called a Cross Holy Cross Stone. At the higher altitude there are several towers and antennas for TV, radio, telephone, microwave, because it is a vantage point for telecommunications . There is a road that leads to the top of the hill, where you can have spectacular panoramic view for several cities in the region of Sorocaba. Near Morro de Ipanema are the premises of the Navy of Brazil, the Centro Experimental Aramar, which develops nuclear research.
Sorocaba
Sorocaba is a city in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Sorocaba is the fourth largest city in the state of São Paulo. Outside the Greater São Paulo region, it ranks behind only Campinas, Sao Jose dos Campos and Ribeirão Preto...
, state of São Paulo
São Paulo (state)
São Paulo is a state in Brazil. It is the major industrial and economic powerhouse of the Brazilian economy. Named after Saint Paul, São Paulo has the largest population, industrial complex, and economic production in the country. It is the richest state in Brazil...
, Brazil
Brazil
Brazil , officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is the largest country in South America. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population with over 192 million people...
. The word Araçoiaba in the Tupi language means "place where the sun goes down" or "hiding from the sun," since the word Ipanema means "bad water". Ipanema Hill is located in Sorocaba River
Sorocaba River
The Sorocaba River is a river of São Paulo state in southeastern Brazil. It is a tributary of the Tietê River. The river runs large and important part of the municipality of Sorocaba....
Watershed, between the left bank tributaries, the rivers Sarapuí and Ipanema, has an altitude of 968 m above the sea level. It is surrounded by the municipalities of Sorocaba
Sorocaba
Sorocaba is a city in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Sorocaba is the fourth largest city in the state of São Paulo. Outside the Greater São Paulo region, it ranks behind only Campinas, Sao Jose dos Campos and Ribeirão Preto...
, Iperó
Iperó
Iperó is a municipality in the state of São Paulo in Brazil. Its latitude is 23.35/23°28'14" S and the longitude is 46.69/47°44'05" W. The population in 2004 was 22,390 and the area is 171.44 km². The elevation is 590 m...
, Araçoiaba da Serra
Araçoiaba da Serra
Araçoiaba da Serra is a city in the state of São Paulo in Brazil. The population in 2004 is 22,521 and the area is 256.15 km². The elevation is 625 m...
, and Capela do Alto
Capela do Alto
Capela do Alto is a municipality in the state of São Paulo in Brazil. The population in 2003 is 16,030 and the area is 170.47 km². Its latitude is 23.27/23°28'14" S and the longitude is 46.33/47°44'05" W. The elevation is 625 m.-Population history:...
that are situated an average elevation of 600 m. It is noteworthy, therefore, focus on local and regional geology shows that it is an intrusion of igneous rocks of ultrabasic-alkaline nature of the Mesozoic
Mesozoic
The Mesozoic era is an interval of geological time from about 250 million years ago to about 65 million years ago. It is often referred to as the age of reptiles because reptiles, namely dinosaurs, were the dominant terrestrial and marine vertebrates of the time...
era (123 million years), who crossed the sedimentary rocks of the Paraná Basin
Parana Basin
The Paraná Basin is a large sedimentary basin situated in the central-eastern part of South America. About 75% of its areal distribution occurs in Brazil, from Mato Grosso to Rio Grande do Sul states. The remainder area is distributed in eastern Paraguay, northeastern Argentina and northern...
in an area with typical geomorphology of the Peripheral Depression, Zone of the Middle Tietê river. Today rocks present there are remnants of an ancient volcano
Volcano
2. Bedrock3. Conduit 4. Base5. Sill6. Dike7. Layers of ash emitted by the volcano8. Flank| 9. Layers of lava emitted by the volcano10. Throat11. Parasitic cone12. Lava flow13. Vent14. Crater15...
, so in the past, Ipanema Hill was a legitimate volcano
Volcano
2. Bedrock3. Conduit 4. Base5. Sill6. Dike7. Layers of ash emitted by the volcano8. Flank| 9. Layers of lava emitted by the volcano10. Throat11. Parasitic cone12. Lava flow13. Vent14. Crater15...
. The intrusion event half rose Itararé Subgroup sandstones and crystalline basement rocks also. The geomorphological feature of the hill is also called "Horst Dômico de Araçoiaba da Serra." There fenitization process by alkaline rocks of the intrusion and a significant radial dyke system surrounding the intrusion, with a few tens of kilometers long.
There is a rich history linked to the Ipanema Hill. The site was the scene of the construction of the first iron foundry in Brazil
Brazil
Brazil , officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is the largest country in South America. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population with over 192 million people...
, Royal St. John of Ipanema Iron Foundry
Royal St. John of Ipanema Iron Foundry
Royal St. John de Ipanema Iron Foundry as known Ipanema Iron Foundry or Factory, Fazenda Ipanema was the first ironworks in Brazil. It is located in Sorocaba region, near city of Iperó, state of São Paulo.- Background :...
, currently marking its 200th anniversary.. There are also mystical stories, like the monk from Ipanema.
The area is part of the National Forest of Ipanema - "Flona", an environmental conservation unit established in 1992 and administered by the IBAMA
Ibama
Brazilian Institute of Environment and Renewable Natural Resources is the Brazilian Ministry of the Environment's enforcement agency...
. The vegetation was classified as a region phytoecological semideciduous forest, with elements of the Mixed Dense Forest Ombrófila and savannah. He suffered intense anthropogenic activities by wood charcoal (fuel) for theRoyal St. John of Ipanema Iron Foundry, and decrees of mines for limestone mining and apatite, fires, etc.. The climate is cfa
CFA
-Science and technology:* Cfa is one of two symbols for the Humid subtropical climate under the Köppen climate classification system* cfa is the file extension for an Adobe Premiere Pro audio file...
type, in the classification of Köppen
Köppen climate classification
The Köppen climate classification is one of the most widely used climate classification systems. It was first published by Crimea German climatologist Wladimir Köppen in 1884, with several later modifications by Köppen himself, notably in 1918 and 1936...
The entire region of Ipanema Hill and its surroundings is of great potential from the standpoint of preservation, history, tourism, geological, geomorphological, archaeological, architectural, phytogeographical and climatic, technological, and others. In the Piedmont region is the location of Varnhagen ville, with the architectural and Ipanema Iron Foundry
Royal St. John of Ipanema Iron Foundry
Royal St. John de Ipanema Iron Foundry as known Ipanema Iron Foundry or Factory, Fazenda Ipanema was the first ironworks in Brazil. It is located in Sorocaba region, near city of Iperó, state of São Paulo.- Background :...
, Ipanema Farm, where she ran CENEA, National Center for Agricultural Engineering, carrying out agricultural research and agricultural aviation school. The old railroad Sorocabana - EFS intersects the portion of the east and north of the hill and has a train station in hagen, whose current building was built in 1928.
In high Ipanema Hill there is a monument to Varnhagen
Francisco Adolfo de Varnhagen
Francisco Adolfo de Varnhagen, Viscount of Porto Seguro was a Brazilian military, diplomat and historian. He is the patron of the 39th chair of the Brazilian Academy of Letters.-Life:...
, visited by Royal Family on November 11, 1884. Another monument is called a Cross Holy Cross Stone. At the higher altitude there are several towers and antennas for TV, radio, telephone, microwave, because it is a vantage point for telecommunications . There is a road that leads to the top of the hill, where you can have spectacular panoramic view for several cities in the region of Sorocaba. Near Morro de Ipanema are the premises of the Navy of Brazil, the Centro Experimental Aramar, which develops nuclear research.
External links
- Photos of the region of Ipanema Hill "Fazenda Ipanema", "Morro Ipanema"
- Birds of local
- Ipanema - Article about the Ipanema Hill Prof. Aziz Ab'Saber
- Magnificent photographic collection of the region of Ipanema Hill "Morro de Ipanema"
See also
- Royal St. John of Ipanema Iron FoundryRoyal St. John of Ipanema Iron FoundryRoyal St. John de Ipanema Iron Foundry as known Ipanema Iron Foundry or Factory, Fazenda Ipanema was the first ironworks in Brazil. It is located in Sorocaba region, near city of Iperó, state of São Paulo.- Background :...
- Francisco Adolfo de VarnhagenFrancisco Adolfo de VarnhagenFrancisco Adolfo de Varnhagen, Viscount of Porto Seguro was a Brazilian military, diplomat and historian. He is the patron of the 39th chair of the Brazilian Academy of Letters.-Life:...
- SorocabaSorocabaSorocaba is a city in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Sorocaba is the fourth largest city in the state of São Paulo. Outside the Greater São Paulo region, it ranks behind only Campinas, Sao Jose dos Campos and Ribeirão Preto...