Interleukin 8 receptor, beta
Encyclopedia
Interleukin 8 receptor, beta is a chemokine receptor
. IL8RB is also known as CXCR2, and CXCR2 is now the IUPHAR Committee on Receptor Nomenclature and Drug classification-recommended name.
encoded by this gene is a member of the G-protein coupled receptor family. This protein is a receptor for interleukin 8
(IL8). It binds to IL8 with high affinity, and transduces the signal through a G-protein activated second messenger system. This receptor also binds to chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 (CXCL1
/MGSA), a protein with melanoma growth stimulating activity, and has been shown to be a major component required for serum-dependent melanoma cell growth. In addition, it binds ligands CXCL2
, CXCL3
, and CXCL5
.
This receptor mediates neutrophil migration to sites of inflammation. The angiogenic effects of IL8 in intestinal microvascular endothelial cells are found to be mediated by this receptor. Knockout studies in mice suggested that this receptor controls the positioning of oligodendrocyte
precursors in developing spinal cord by arresting their migration. This gene, IL8RA, a gene encoding another high affinity IL8 receptor, as well as IL8RBP, a pseudogene
of IL8RB, form a gene cluster in a region mapped to chromosome 2q33-q36.
(OIS) and diminishes the DNA-damage response. Alternatively, ectopic expression
of CXCR2 results in premature senescence via a p53
-dependent mechanism.
Chemokine receptor
Chemokine receptors are cytokine receptors found on the surface of certain cells, which interact with a type of cytokine called a chemokine. There have been 19 distinct chemokine receptors described in mammals...
. IL8RB is also known as CXCR2, and CXCR2 is now the IUPHAR Committee on Receptor Nomenclature and Drug classification-recommended name.
Function
The proteinProtein
Proteins are biochemical compounds consisting of one or more polypeptides typically folded into a globular or fibrous form, facilitating a biological function. A polypeptide is a single linear polymer chain of amino acids bonded together by peptide bonds between the carboxyl and amino groups of...
encoded by this gene is a member of the G-protein coupled receptor family. This protein is a receptor for interleukin 8
Interleukin 8
Interleukin-8 is a chemokine produced by macrophages and other cell types such as epithelial cells. It is also synthesized by endothelial cells, which store IL-8 in their storage vesicles, the Weibel-Palade bodies...
(IL8). It binds to IL8 with high affinity, and transduces the signal through a G-protein activated second messenger system. This receptor also binds to chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 (CXCL1
CXCL1
Chemokine ligand 1 is a small cytokine belonging to the CXC chemokine family that was previously called GRO1 oncogene, GROα, KC, Neutrophil-activating protein 3 and melanoma growth stimulating activity, alpha...
/MGSA), a protein with melanoma growth stimulating activity, and has been shown to be a major component required for serum-dependent melanoma cell growth. In addition, it binds ligands CXCL2
CXCL2
Chemokine ligand 2 is a small cytokine belonging to the CXC chemokine family that is also called macrophage inflammatory protein 2-alpha , Growth-regulated protein beta and Gro oncogene-2 . CXCL2 is 90% identical in amino acid sequence as a related chemokine, CXCL1...
, CXCL3
CXCL3
Chemokine ligand 3 is a small cytokine belonging to the CXC chemokine family that is also known as GRO3 oncogene , GRO protein gamma and macrophage inflammatory protein-2-beta...
, and CXCL5
CXCL5
C-X-C motif chemokine 5 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CXCL5 gene.- Function :The protein encoded by this gene, CXCL5 is a small cytokine belonging to the CXC chemokine family that is also known as epithelial-derived neutrophil-activating peptide 78...
.
This receptor mediates neutrophil migration to sites of inflammation. The angiogenic effects of IL8 in intestinal microvascular endothelial cells are found to be mediated by this receptor. Knockout studies in mice suggested that this receptor controls the positioning of oligodendrocyte
Oligodendrocyte
Oligodendrocytes , or oligodendroglia , are a type of brain cell. They are a variety of neuroglia. Their main function is the insulation of axons in the central nervous system of some vertebrates...
precursors in developing spinal cord by arresting their migration. This gene, IL8RA, a gene encoding another high affinity IL8 receptor, as well as IL8RBP, a pseudogene
Pseudogene
Pseudogenes are dysfunctional relatives of known genes that have lost their protein-coding ability or are otherwise no longer expressed in the cell...
of IL8RB, form a gene cluster in a region mapped to chromosome 2q33-q36.
Senescence
Knock down studies involving the chemokine receptor CXCR2 alleviates both replicative and oncogene-induced senescenceSenescence
Senescence or biological aging is the change in the biology of an organism as it ages after its maturity. Such changes range from those affecting its cells and their function to those affecting the whole organism...
(OIS) and diminishes the DNA-damage response. Alternatively, ectopic expression
Ectopic expression
Ectopic expression is the expression of a gene in an abnormal place in an organism. This can be caused by a disease, or it can be artificially produced as a way to help determine what the function of that gene is....
of CXCR2 results in premature senescence via a p53
P53
p53 , is a tumor suppressor protein that in humans is encoded by the TP53 gene. p53 is crucial in multicellular organisms, where it regulates the cell cycle and, thus, functions as a tumor suppressor that is involved in preventing cancer...
-dependent mechanism.
See also
- Interleukin 8 receptor, alphaInterleukin 8 receptor, alphaInterleukin 8 receptor, alpha is a chemokine receptor. IL8RA is its human gene. IL8RA has also been designated CD181 , and CXCR1. CXCR1 is now the IUPHAR Committee on Receptor Nomenclature and Drug Classification recommended name.-Clinical significance:Blocking CXCR1 Interleukin 8 receptor, alpha ...
- Interleukin-8 receptorInterleukin-8 receptorInterleukin-8 receptor is an interleukin receptor of the chemokine receptor type....
- Interleukin 8Interleukin 8Interleukin-8 is a chemokine produced by macrophages and other cell types such as epithelial cells. It is also synthesized by endothelial cells, which store IL-8 in their storage vesicles, the Weibel-Palade bodies...
- InterleukinInterleukinInterleukins are a group of cytokines that were first seen to be expressed by white blood cells . The term interleukin derives from "as a means of communication", and "deriving from the fact that many of these proteins are produced by leukocytes and act on leukocytes"...
- Interleukin receptorInterleukin receptor-Types:There are two main families of Interleukin receptors, type 1 and type 2 cytokine receptors.-Other:*Interleukin-1 receptor and interleukin-18 receptor belong to the immunoglobulin superfamily....
- Cluster of differentiationCluster of differentiationThe cluster of differentiation is a protocol used for the identification and investigation of cell surface molecules present on white blood cells, providing targets for immunophenotyping of cells...
- G protein-coupled receptorG protein-coupled receptorG protein-coupled receptors , also known as seven-transmembrane domain receptors, 7TM receptors, heptahelical receptors, serpentine receptor, and G protein-linked receptors , comprise a large protein family of transmembrane receptors that sense molecules outside the cell and activate inside signal...