Heinrich Luden
Encyclopedia
Heinrich Luden was a German historian.
Luden was born in Loxstedt
in the district of Stade
. At the age of 17 Luden went to the Domschule (Cathedral School) in Bremen
. He subsequently studied theology at the University of Göttingen, where he came under the influence of the historians August Ludwig von Schlözer
and later Johannes von Müller
and devoted himself to the study of history. He was briefly employed as a private tutor in the house of Christoph Wilhelm Hufeland
in Berlin
, in 1805 producing his thesis in Jena
on Christian Thomasius
. He further published biographies of Hugo Grotius
(1806) and Sir William Temple (1808).
In 1806 Luden succeeded Friedrich Schiller
as Extraordinary Professor of History at the University of Jena, in 1810 attaining the post of Ordinary Professor. He dedicated himself to German history, with the intention of developing a German national consciousness. He continued this theme in subsequent numerous publication on the theme of unity and freedom.
In his lectures, much attended by the Burschenschaften (student associations) he championed the ideal of the sovereignty of the people, showing the influence of Jean-Jacques Rousseau
. In 1817, with certain other professors, including the medic Dietrich Georg von Kieser
and the philosophers Lorenz Oken
and Jakob Friedrich Fries
he participated in the Wartburg festival
. In 1820 Luden entered the Landstände of the Grand Duchy of Saxony-Weimar-Eisenach as a deputy and remained one of its most active members until 1832. Following the Karlsbad Decrees Luden was forbidden from lecturing on political subjects.
Among his students were the assassin Karl Ludwig Sand
and the Königsberg
historian Johannes Voigt
.
Luden was born in Loxstedt
Loxstedt
Loxstedt is a municipality in the district of Cuxhaven in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is situated south of Bremerhaven.- History :...
in the district of Stade
Stade
Stade is a city in Lower Saxony, Germany and part of the Hamburg Metropolitan Region . It is the seat of the district named after it...
. At the age of 17 Luden went to the Domschule (Cathedral School) in Bremen
Bremen
The City Municipality of Bremen is a Hanseatic city in northwestern Germany. A commercial and industrial city with a major port on the river Weser, Bremen is part of the Bremen-Oldenburg metropolitan area . Bremen is the second most populous city in North Germany and tenth in Germany.Bremen is...
. He subsequently studied theology at the University of Göttingen, where he came under the influence of the historians August Ludwig von Schlözer
August Ludwig von Schlözer
August Ludwig von Schlözer was a German historian who laid foundations for the critical study of Russian history.-Early career:...
and later Johannes von Müller
Johannes von Müller
Johannes von Müller was a Swiss historian.-Biography:He was born at Schaffhausen, where his father was a clergyman and rector of the gymnasium. In his youth, his maternal grandfather, Johannes Schoop , roused in him an interest in the history of his country...
and devoted himself to the study of history. He was briefly employed as a private tutor in the house of Christoph Wilhelm Hufeland
Christoph Wilhelm Hufeland
Christoph Wilhelm Friedrich Hufeland was a German physician. He is famous as the most eminent practical physician of his time in Germany and as the author of numerous works displaying extensive reading and a cultivated critical faculty.-Biography:Hufeland was born at Langensalza, Thuringia and...
in Berlin
Berlin
Berlin is the capital city of Germany and is one of the 16 states of Germany. With a population of 3.45 million people, Berlin is Germany's largest city. It is the second most populous city proper and the seventh most populous urban area in the European Union...
, in 1805 producing his thesis in Jena
Jena
Jena is a university city in central Germany on the river Saale. It has a population of approx. 103,000 and is the second largest city in the federal state of Thuringia, after Erfurt.-History:Jena was first mentioned in an 1182 document...
on Christian Thomasius
Christian Thomasius
Christian Thomasius was a German jurist and philosopher.- Biography :He was born at Leipzig and was educated by his father, Jakob Thomasius , at that time head master of Thomasschule zu Leipzig...
. He further published biographies of Hugo Grotius
Hugo Grotius
Hugo Grotius , also known as Huig de Groot, Hugo Grocio or Hugo de Groot, was a jurist in the Dutch Republic. With Francisco de Vitoria and Alberico Gentili he laid the foundations for international law, based on natural law...
(1806) and Sir William Temple (1808).
In 1806 Luden succeeded Friedrich Schiller
Friedrich Schiller
Johann Christoph Friedrich von Schiller was a German poet, philosopher, historian, and playwright. During the last seventeen years of his life , Schiller struck up a productive, if complicated, friendship with already famous and influential Johann Wolfgang von Goethe...
as Extraordinary Professor of History at the University of Jena, in 1810 attaining the post of Ordinary Professor. He dedicated himself to German history, with the intention of developing a German national consciousness. He continued this theme in subsequent numerous publication on the theme of unity and freedom.
In his lectures, much attended by the Burschenschaften (student associations) he championed the ideal of the sovereignty of the people, showing the influence of Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Jean-Jacques Rousseau was a Genevan philosopher, writer, and composer of 18th-century Romanticism. His political philosophy influenced the French Revolution as well as the overall development of modern political, sociological and educational thought.His novel Émile: or, On Education is a treatise...
. In 1817, with certain other professors, including the medic Dietrich Georg von Kieser
Dietrich Georg von Kieser
Dietrich Georg von Kieser was a German physician born in Harburg. He studied medicine at the Universities of Würzburg and Göttingen, receiving his doctorate from the latter institution in 1804. For most of his career he was a professor at the University of Jena, where from 1824 to 1862 he served...
and the philosophers Lorenz Oken
Lorenz Oken
Lorenz Oken was a German naturalist.Oken was born Lorenz Okenfuss in Bohlsbach in Baden and studied natural history and medicine at the universities of Freiburg and Würzburg. He went on to the University of Göttingen, where he became a Privatdozent , and shortened his name to Oken...
and Jakob Friedrich Fries
Jakob Friedrich Fries
Jakob Friedrich Fries was a German philosopher from Barby .-Life and career:...
he participated in the Wartburg festival
Wartburg festival
The first Wartburg festival on 18 October 1817 was an important event in German history that took place at the Wartburg Castle near Eisenach....
. In 1820 Luden entered the Landstände of the Grand Duchy of Saxony-Weimar-Eisenach as a deputy and remained one of its most active members until 1832. Following the Karlsbad Decrees Luden was forbidden from lecturing on political subjects.
Among his students were the assassin Karl Ludwig Sand
Karl Ludwig Sand
Karl Ludwig Sand was a German university student and member of a liberal Burschenschaft . He was executed in 1820 for the murder of the conservative dramatist August von Kotzebue the previous year in Mannheim...
and the Königsberg
Königsberg
Königsberg was the capital of East Prussia from the Late Middle Ages until 1945 as well as the northernmost and easternmost German city with 286,666 inhabitants . Due to the multicultural society in and around the city, there are several local names for it...
historian Johannes Voigt
Johannes Voigt
Johannes Voigt was a German historian who was born in Bettenhausen, which today is situated in the district of Schmalkalden-Meiningen. He studied history, theology and philology at the University of Jena, where two of his instructors were Heinrich Luden and Johann Jakob Griesbach...
.
Works
- Geschichte des Teutschen Volkes (12 vols., 1825-45)
- Geschichte der Teutschen (3 vols.)