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Gnash



 
 
The Gnash project aims to create a free
Free software

Free Software or software libre is software that can be used, studied, and modified without restriction, and which can be copied and redistributed in modified or unmodified form either without restriction, or with minimal restrictions only to ensure that further recipients can also do these things and to prevent consumer-facing hardware...
 player and browser plugin for the Adobe Flash
Adobe Flash

Adobe Flash is a multimedia Platform created by Macromedia and currently developed and distributed by Adobe Systems. Since its introduction in 1996, Flash has become a popular method for adding animation and interactivity to web pages; Flash is commonly used to create animation, advertisements, and various web page components, to integrate...
 file format and replace the proprietary software
Proprietary software

Proprietary software is a term coined by advocates of the free software movement to describe computer software which is the legal property of one party....
 niche currently occupied by Adobe Flash Player
Adobe Flash Player

The Adobe Flash Player is software for creating and viewing animations and movies using computer programs such as a web browser; in common usage, flash lets you put animation and movies on a web site....
. It developed from the GPLFlash project. Gnash is released under the GNU General Public License
GNU General Public License

The GNU General Public License is a widely used free software license, originally written by Richard Stallman for the GNU project. The GPL is the most popular and well-known example of the type of strong copyleft license that requires derived works to be available under the same copyleft....
.

Gnash was first announced by software developer John Gilmore. The current lead developer is Rob Savoye
Rob Savoye

Rob Savoye is the primary developer of Gnash. He is a developer for the GNU project, having worked on Debian, Red Hat and dozens of other free software/open source software projects....
.

History
Writing a free software Flash player has been a priority of the GNU project
GNU Project

The GNU Project is a free software, mass collaboration project, announced on September 27 1983 by Richard Stallman. It initiated the GNU operating system, software development for which began in January 1984....
 for some time.






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Encyclopedia


The Gnash project aims to create a free
Free software

Free Software or software libre is software that can be used, studied, and modified without restriction, and which can be copied and redistributed in modified or unmodified form either without restriction, or with minimal restrictions only to ensure that further recipients can also do these things and to prevent consumer-facing hardware...
 player and browser plugin for the Adobe Flash
Adobe Flash

Adobe Flash is a multimedia Platform created by Macromedia and currently developed and distributed by Adobe Systems. Since its introduction in 1996, Flash has become a popular method for adding animation and interactivity to web pages; Flash is commonly used to create animation, advertisements, and various web page components, to integrate...
 file format and replace the proprietary software
Proprietary software

Proprietary software is a term coined by advocates of the free software movement to describe computer software which is the legal property of one party....
 niche currently occupied by Adobe Flash Player
Adobe Flash Player

The Adobe Flash Player is software for creating and viewing animations and movies using computer programs such as a web browser; in common usage, flash lets you put animation and movies on a web site....
. It developed from the GPLFlash project. Gnash is released under the GNU General Public License
GNU General Public License

The GNU General Public License is a widely used free software license, originally written by Richard Stallman for the GNU project. The GPL is the most popular and well-known example of the type of strong copyleft license that requires derived works to be available under the same copyleft....
.

Gnash was first announced by software developer John Gilmore. The current lead developer is Rob Savoye
Rob Savoye

Rob Savoye is the primary developer of Gnash. He is a developer for the GNU project, having worked on Debian, Red Hat and dozens of other free software/open source software projects....
.

History


Writing a free software Flash player has been a priority of the GNU project
GNU Project

The GNU Project is a free software, mass collaboration project, announced on September 27 1983 by Richard Stallman. It initiated the GNU operating system, software development for which began in January 1984....
 for some time. Prior to the launch of Gnash, the GNU project had asked for people to assist the GPLFlash project. The majority of the previous GPLFlash developers have now moved to the Gnash project and the existing GPLFlash codebase will be refocused towards supporting embedded systems.

The primary distribution terms for Gnash are those of the GNU GPL. However since Gnash was started using the codebase of the GameSWF
GameSWF

GameSWF is an open source public domain Library for parsing and rendering SWF movies, using 3D hardware APIs for rendering. It is designed to be used as a User interface library for Personal computer game and console games....
 project, which is in the public domain
Public domain

File:PD-icon.svgThe public domain is a range of abstract materials?commonly referred to as intellectual property?which are not owned or controlled by anyone....
, code developed by the Gnash project which might be useful in GameSWF is placed in the public domain.

Technical details


Adobe provides an official player for GNU/Linux on x86 in a binary-only form. Gnash, however, can be compiled and executed on many architectures, including x86
X86 architecture

The generic term x86 refers to the most commercially successful instruction set architecture in the history of personal computing. It derived from the model numbers, ending in "86", of the first few processor generations Backward compatibility with the original Intel 8086....
, AMD64, MIPS
MIPS architecture

MIPS is a RISC instruction set architecture developed by MIPS Technologies . In the mid to late 1990s, it was estimated that one in three RISC microprocessors produced were MIPS implementations....
/Irix
IRIX

IRIX is a computer operating system developed by Silicon Graphics, Inc. to run natively on their 32- and 64-bit MIPS architecture workstations and servers....
, and PowerPC
PowerPC

PowerPC is a RISC instruction set architecture created by the 1991 Apple Inc.?IBM?Motorola alliance, known as AIM alliance. Originally intended for personal computers, PowerPC CPUs have since become popular embedded system and high-performance processors....
. It also supports BSD-based operating systems. An early port for RISC OS
RISC OS

RISC OS is a computer operating system which was originally developed by Acorn Computers Ltd in Cambridge, England for their ARM architecture based computers....
, which has never had Macromedia/Adobe Flash support beyond Flash 3, does exist, as well as an early port for BeOS
BeOS

BeOS was an operating system for personal computers which began development by Be Inc. in 1991. It was first written to run on BeBox hardware. BeOS was optimized for digital media work and was written to take advantage of modern hardware facilities such as symmetric multiprocessing by utilizing modular I/O bandwidth, pervasive multithreading,...
, where Flash support terminated at Version 4.

Flash actually consists of two different file types, SWF
SWF

The file formatSWF a partially open software repository for multimedia and especially for vector graphics, originated with FutureWave Software and has come under the control of Adobe Systems....
, often incorrectly referred to as Flash, which provides animated vector graphics for menus and presentations and FLV
FLV

Flash Video is a file format used to deliver video over the Internet using Adobe Systems Adobe Flash Player versions 6?10. Until version 9 update 2 of the Flash Player, Flash Video referred to a proprietary file format, having the extension FLV....
, often referred to as Flash Video, which provides streaming video clips for websites such as YouTube
YouTube

YouTube is a Video hosting service website where users can upload, view and share video clips. Three former PayPal employees created YouTube in February 2005....
.

Currently, Gnash can play SWF
SWF

The file formatSWF a partially open software repository for multimedia and especially for vector graphics, originated with FutureWave Software and has come under the control of Adobe Systems....
 files up to version 7, as well as some features of the new version 8– 9 files. Gnash supports playback of FLV videos and allows playing some FLV files from YouTube
YouTube

YouTube is a Video hosting service website where users can upload, view and share video clips. Three former PayPal employees created YouTube in February 2005....
, MySpace
MySpace

MySpace is a social network service website with an interactive, user-submitted network of friends, personal profiles, blogs, groups, photos, music, and videos for teenagers and adults internationally....
, ShowMeDo
Showmedo

ShowMeDo is a Video hosting service website where users can upload, view and share Video tutorials.Most of the screencasts focus on themes related to computer programming languages and Open-Source software, especially Python ....
 and other similar websites (older files with sound - newer files without playing sound). FLV support requires FFmpeg
FFmpeg

FFmpeg is a computer program that can record, convert and streaming media digital sound recording and video in numerous formats. FFmpeg is a command line tool that is composed of a collection of free software / open-source software library ....
 or GStreamer
GStreamer

GStreamer is a Pipeline based multimedia framework written in the C with the type system based on GObject. GStreamer allows a programmer to create a variety of media-handling components, including simple Audio frequency playback, audio and video...
 to be installed on the system.

Some other free-software programs, such as MPlayer
MPlayer

MPlayer is a free software and open source media player . The program is available for all major operating systems, including Linux and other Unix-like systems, Microsoft Windows and Mac OS X....
, VLC media player
VLC media player

VLC media player is an open source, free software media player written by the VideoLAN project.VLC is a portable multimedia player, encoder, and streamer supporting many audio and video codecs and file formats as well as DVDs, Video CD, and various streaming media Communications protocol....
 or players for Windows
Microsoft Windows

Microsoft Windows is a series of software operating systems and graphical user interfaces produced by Microsoft. Microsoft first introduced an operating environment named Windows in November 1985 as an add-on to MS-DOS in response to the growing interest in graphical user interfaces ....
 based on the ffdshow
Ffdshow

ffdshow is a multimedia codec mainly used for the fast and high-quality decoding of video in the MPEG-4 Part 2 and AVC video formats, but supporting numerous other video and audio formats as well....
 DirectShow
DirectShow

DirectShow , codename Quartz, is a multimedia framework and application programming interface produced by Microsoft for software developers to perform various operations with media files or streams....
 codecs can play back the FLV format if the file is specially downloaded or piped
Pipeline (software)

In software engineering, a pipeline consists of a chain of processing elements , arranged so that the output of each element is the input of the next....
 to it.

The goal of the Gnash developers is to be as compatible as possible with the proprietary player (including behavior on bad ActionScript
ActionScript

ActionScript is a scripting language based on ECMAScript. ActionScript is used primarily for the development of websites and software using the Adobe Flash Player platform , but is also used in some database applications , and in basic robotics, as with the Make Controller Kit....
 code). However, Gnash offers some special features not available in the Adobe player, such as the possibility to extend the ActionScript classes via shared libraries: sample extensions include MySQL support, file system access and more. For security reasons the extension mechanism must be compiled-in explicitly and enabled via configuration files.

Gnash requires one of AGG
Anti-Grain Geometry

Anti-Grain Geometry is a high-quality 2D rendering engine written in C++. It features anti-aliasing and sub-pixel resolution.The library is Cross-platform and renders to an abstract memory object....
, Cairo
Cairo (graphics)

cairo is a software library used to provide a vector graphics-based, device-independent Application programming interface for software developers....
, or OpenGL
OpenGL

OpenGL is a standard specification defining a cross-language cross-platform Application programming interface for writing applications that produce 2D computer graphics and 3D computer graphics....
 for rendering. In contrast to most GNU projects, which are typically written in C
C (programming language)

C is a general-purpose computer programming language originally developed in 1972 by Dennis Ritchie at the Bell Telephone Laboratories to implement the Unix operating system....
, Gnash is written in the C++
C++

C++ is a general-purpose programming language. It is regarded as a middle-level language, as it comprises a combination of both high-level programming language and low-level programming language language features....
 programming language because of its GameSWF heritage.

See also

  • Flash for Linux
    Flash for Linux

    Flash For Linux is an initiative to develop an open source application for Linux intending to be an alternative to Macromedia Flash, a popular application for creating on-line and off-line media entertainment....
  • MTASC
    MTASC

    MTASC is an ActionScript 2.0 compiler written in the Objective Caml by the company Motion-Twin. It is free software and can be used alone or with other tools like swfmill to produce SWF files, which contain interactive multimedia content playable with the Flash Player....
  • Ming library
    Ming library

    Ming is a C library for creating Adobe Flash files. It is often packaged as a PHP module; this allows for the dynamic generation of Flash animations by the web server based on input from a database....
  • Qflash
    Qflash

    Qflash was an attempt to make a clone of Adobe Flash for Linux. Although emphasis was placed on cloning the interface, little emphasis was placed on providing the same level of functionality as Flash....
  • Swfdec
    Swfdec

    Swfdec is a free software/open source software replacement to the Adobe Flash web multimedia player. It is currently compatible with Linux and FreeBSD and is distributed under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License ....
  • swfmill
    Swfmill

    swfmill is a free software command line tool that generates Adobe Flash files.It is an Extensible Markup Language to SWF to XML processor using SWFML, an XML dialect closely modeled after the SWF format....


External links