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The Geum-gang River is located in South Korea
South Korea

South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea , ), often referred to as Korea and the "names of Korea#Revival of the names", is a Semi-presidential system republic in East Asia, located in the southern half of the Korean Peninsula....
. It is a major river that originates in Jangsu-eub, North Jeolla Province. It flows northward through North Jeolla and North Chungcheong Provinces and then changes direction in the vicinity of Greater Daejeon
Daejeon

Daejeon is the capital city of Chungcheongnamdo Province, located in the center of South Korea. It is the fifth largest city in South Korea, with a population of 1,442,856 at the end of 2005....
 and flows southwest through South Chungcheong Province before emptying into the Yellow Sea
Yellow Sea

The Yellow Sea is the name given to the northern part of the East China Sea, which is a marginal sea of the Pacific Ocean. It is located between mainland China and the Korean peninsula....
 near Gunsan
Gunsan

Gunsan is a Administrative divisions of South Korea in North Jeolla Province, South Korea. It is located on the south bank of the Geum River just upstream from its exit into the Yellow Sea....
 city.

The river is 401 km long , making it the third longest in South Korea.






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The Geum-gang River is located in South Korea
South Korea

South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea , ), often referred to as Korea and the "names of Korea#Revival of the names", is a Semi-presidential system republic in East Asia, located in the southern half of the Korean Peninsula....
. It is a major river that originates in Jangsu-eub, North Jeolla Province. It flows northward through North Jeolla and North Chungcheong Provinces and then changes direction in the vicinity of Greater Daejeon
Daejeon

Daejeon is the capital city of Chungcheongnamdo Province, located in the center of South Korea. It is the fifth largest city in South Korea, with a population of 1,442,856 at the end of 2005....
 and flows southwest through South Chungcheong Province before emptying into the Yellow Sea
Yellow Sea

The Yellow Sea is the name given to the northern part of the East China Sea, which is a marginal sea of the Pacific Ocean. It is located between mainland China and the Korean peninsula....
 near Gunsan
Gunsan

Gunsan is a Administrative divisions of South Korea in North Jeolla Province, South Korea. It is located on the south bank of the Geum River just upstream from its exit into the Yellow Sea....
 city.

The river is 401 km long , making it the third longest in South Korea. The area of the Geum River Basin is 9,859 kmē . The upper part of the river flows slowly through part of the Noryeong Mountains and is marked by extensive stream meandering. On the other hand, river curves on middle and lower parts of the river are more gradual and there is comparatively less stream meandering.

Tributary streams of the Geum include the Gap-cheon, Yugu-cheon, Miho-cheon, Unsan-cheon, Seokseong-cheon, and Nonsan-cheon. Several small alluvial plains including the Honam and Nonsan Plain have been formed by the flow of the Geum and its tributaries.

History and Culture

In the area of Buyeo County
Buyeo County

Buyeo County is a Administrative divisions of South Korea in South Chungcheong Province, South Korea. Buyeo-eup, the county's capital, was the site of the capital of the Baekje kingdom from AD 538 to 660, when it was called Sabi....
, the river bears the name Baengma-gang, which means White Horse River. Numerous legends associate the ancient kingdom of Baekje
Baekje

Baekje , or Paekche , was a kingdom located in southwest Korea. It was one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea, together with Goguryeo and Silla....
 with the Baengma. The Baengma River is the subject of a well-known song of the sin minyo tradition, Kkumkkuneun Baengma-gang (??? ???, "Dreaming Baengma-gang").

The Geum River and its tributaries were a means of cultural contact from prehistoric times (see Mumun Pottery Period
Mumun pottery period

The Mumun pottery period is an archaeological era in Prehistoric Korea that dates to approximately 1500-300 BC. This period is named after the Korean name for undecorated or plain cooking and storage vessels that form a large part of the pottery assemblage over the entire length of the period, but especially 850-550 B.C....
) and into the Three Kingdoms of Korea
Three Kingdoms of Korea

The Three Kingdoms of Korea refer to the ancient Korean empire of Goguryeo, and kingdom of Baekje and Silla, which dominated the Korean peninsula and parts of Manchuria for much of the 1st millennium CE....
 through their ancient function as a transportation route that begins on the west coast and penetrates deep in the interior of the Peninsula. Bronze Culture flourished in this area from c. 850 B.C.-A.D. 100 (see Liaoning bronze dagger culture
Liaoning bronze dagger culture

The Liaoning bronze dagger culture is an archeology complex of the late Bronze Age in Northeast Asia. Artifacts from the culture are found primarily in the Liaoning area of Manchuria and in the Korean peninsula....
). Archaeological evidence suggests that some of the very first complex societies in southern Korea briefly flourished in the valleys formed by tributaries of this river .

The Geum River Basin contained the chiefdoms of Mahan
Mahan

Mahan may refer to:*The Mahan confederacy of chiefdoms in ancient Korea*The city of Mahan, Iran, in Kerman province*Mahan Air, an airline based in Kerman province...
, and a former centres of the early kingdom of Baekje
Baekje

Baekje , or Paekche , was a kingdom located in southwest Korea. It was one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea, together with Goguryeo and Silla....
 such as Ungjin
Ungjin

Ungjin, also known as Gomnaru is a former city on the Korean Peninsula. It was located in modern-day Gongju, South Chungcheong province, South Korea....
 (AD 475-525) and Sabi
Sabi

Sabi was the capital of the Korean kingdom of Baekje from AD 538 until Baekje's fall to Silla in 660. The site of Sabi is located in modern-day Buyeo County, South Chungcheong Province, in South Korea....
 (AD 525-660) are located along the Baengma portion of the river.

The river's Korean name ("Gold River") is a homonym
Homonym

In linguistics, a homonym is one of a group of words that share the same spelling and the same pronunciation but have different meanings, usually as a result of the two words having different origins....
 of the word for "diamond" (??; ??) and should not be confused with Kumgang Mountain (???; ???; "Diamond Mountain") in North Korea
North Korea

North Korea, officially the Democratic People's Republic of Korea , is a state in East Asia, occupying the northern half of the Korean Peninsula....
.

Economy

Dams have been built on the Middle and Upper Geum to facilitate water for agriculture and industry. They include the Daecheong Multipurpose Dam and the Yongdam Dam. The city of Greater Daejeon and the farms and industries of South Chungcheong Province rely heavily on the Geum River and its tributaries.

The alluvial plains formed by the Geum and its tributaries are the locations of significant agricultural production in Korea.

See also

  • Rivers of Asia
    List of rivers of Asia

    These are the major rivers of Asia. See each article for their tributaries, drainage areas, etc....
  • Rivers of Korea
    Rivers of Korea

    The Korean peninsula is mainly mountainous along its east coast, so most of its river water flows west, emptying into the Yellow Sea. Some of these rivers flow through lakes en route to the coast, but it should be noted that these are all artificial reservoirs, as there are no natural lakes on the Korean mainland....
  • List of Korea-related topics
    List of Korea-related topics

    This is a list of articles on Korea-related people, places, things, and concepts. For help on how to use this list, see the #Introduction below....
  • Geography of South Korea
    Geography of South Korea

    South Korea is located in East Asia, on the southern half of the Korean Peninsula jutting out from the far east of the Asian land mass.The only country with a land border to South Korea is North Korea, lying to the north with 238 km of border running along the Korean Demilitarized Zone....