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Gender equality
 
 
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Gender equality (also known as gender equity, gender egalitarianism, or sexual equality) is the goal of the equality
Social equality

Social equality is a society state of affairs in which all people within a specific society or isolated group have the same status in a certain respect....
 of the gender
Gender

Gender comprises a range of differences between man and woman, extending from the biological to the social. Biologically, the male gender is defined by the presence of a Y-chromosome, and its absence in the female gender....
s or the sexes, stemming from a belief in the injustice of myriad forms of gender inequality
Gender inequality

Gender inequality refers to the obvious or hidden disparity between individuals due to gender. Gender is constructed both socially through social interactions as well as biologically through chromosomes, brain structure, and hormonal differences....
.

World bodies have defined gender equality as related to human rights
Human rights

Human rights refer to the "basic rights and freedom to which all humans are entitled." Examples of rights and freedoms which have come to be commonly thought of as human rights include civil and political rights, such as the right to life and liberty, freedom of speech, and equality before the law; and social, cultural and economic rights, i...
, especially women's rights
Women's rights

The term women's rights refers to Freedom and entitlements of women and girls of all ages. These rights may or may not be institutionalized, ignored or suppressed by law, local custom, and behavior in a particular society....
, and economic development. UNICEF defines gender equality as "levelling the playing field for girls and women by ensuring that all children have equal opportunity to develop their talents." The United Nations Population Fund
United Nations Population Fund

The United Nations Population Fund began operations in 1969 as the United Nations Fund for Population Activities under the administration of the United Nations Development Fund....
 declared gender equality "first and foremost, a human right." "Gender equity" is one of the goals of the United Nations Millennium Project
United Nations Millennium Project

The Millennium Project is an initiative that focuses on research implementing the organizational means, operational priorities, and financing structures necessary to achieve the Millennium Development Goals or ....
, to end world poverty
Poverty

Poverty is the shortage of common things such as food, clothing, shelter and safe drinking water, all of which determine our quality of life. It may also include the lack of access to opportunities such as education and employment which aid the escape from poverty and/or allow one to enjoy the respect of fellow citizens....
 by 2015; the project claims, "Every single Goal is directly related to women's rights, and societies where women are not afforded equal rights as men can never achieve development in a sustainable manner."

Women in the Arab world
Arab world

The Arab World refers to Arabic-speaking countries stretching from the Atlantic Ocean in the west to the Arabian Sea in the east, and from the Mediterranean Sea in the north to the Horn of Africa and the Indian Ocean in the southeast....
 are still denied equality of opportunity, although their disempowerment is a critical factor crippling the Arab nations' quest to return to the first rank of global leaders in commerce, learning and culture, according to a new United Nations
United Nations

The United Nations is an international organization whose stated aims are to facilitate cooperation in international law, international security, economic development, Social change, human rights and achieving world peace....
-sponsored report in 2008.








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Gender equality (also known as gender equity, gender egalitarianism, or sexual equality) is the goal of the equality
Social equality

Social equality is a society state of affairs in which all people within a specific society or isolated group have the same status in a certain respect....
 of the gender
Gender

Gender comprises a range of differences between man and woman, extending from the biological to the social. Biologically, the male gender is defined by the presence of a Y-chromosome, and its absence in the female gender....
s or the sexes, stemming from a belief in the injustice of myriad forms of gender inequality
Gender inequality

Gender inequality refers to the obvious or hidden disparity between individuals due to gender. Gender is constructed both socially through social interactions as well as biologically through chromosomes, brain structure, and hormonal differences....
.

World bodies have defined gender equality as related to human rights
Human rights

Human rights refer to the "basic rights and freedom to which all humans are entitled." Examples of rights and freedoms which have come to be commonly thought of as human rights include civil and political rights, such as the right to life and liberty, freedom of speech, and equality before the law; and social, cultural and economic rights, i...
, especially women's rights
Women's rights

The term women's rights refers to Freedom and entitlements of women and girls of all ages. These rights may or may not be institutionalized, ignored or suppressed by law, local custom, and behavior in a particular society....
, and economic development. UNICEF defines gender equality as "levelling the playing field for girls and women by ensuring that all children have equal opportunity to develop their talents." The United Nations Population Fund
United Nations Population Fund

The United Nations Population Fund began operations in 1969 as the United Nations Fund for Population Activities under the administration of the United Nations Development Fund....
 declared gender equality "first and foremost, a human right." "Gender equity" is one of the goals of the United Nations Millennium Project
United Nations Millennium Project

The Millennium Project is an initiative that focuses on research implementing the organizational means, operational priorities, and financing structures necessary to achieve the Millennium Development Goals or ....
, to end world poverty
Poverty

Poverty is the shortage of common things such as food, clothing, shelter and safe drinking water, all of which determine our quality of life. It may also include the lack of access to opportunities such as education and employment which aid the escape from poverty and/or allow one to enjoy the respect of fellow citizens....
 by 2015; the project claims, "Every single Goal is directly related to women's rights, and societies where women are not afforded equal rights as men can never achieve development in a sustainable manner."

Women in the Arab world
Arab world

The Arab World refers to Arabic-speaking countries stretching from the Atlantic Ocean in the west to the Arabian Sea in the east, and from the Mediterranean Sea in the north to the Horn of Africa and the Indian Ocean in the southeast....
 are still denied equality of opportunity, although their disempowerment is a critical factor crippling the Arab nations' quest to return to the first rank of global leaders in commerce, learning and culture, according to a new United Nations
United Nations

The United Nations is an international organization whose stated aims are to facilitate cooperation in international law, international security, economic development, Social change, human rights and achieving world peace....
-sponsored report in 2008.

See also


General issues

  • Complementarianism
  • Egalitarianism
    Egalitarianism

    Egalitarianism or Equalism is a political doctrine that holds that all people should be treated as equals and have the same political freedom, economic freedom, social justice, and civil rights rights....
  • Gender mainstreaming
    Gender mainstreaming

    Gender mainstreaming is the public policy concept of assessing the different implications for women and men of any planned policy action, including legislation and Program , in all areas and levels....
  • Sex and gender distinction
  • List of important publications in sociology of gender


Specific issues

  • Bahá'í Faith and gender equality
    Bahá'í Faith and gender equality

    One of the main teachings of the Bah?'? Faith is gender equality, that men and women are equal. The equality of the sexes is seen by Bah?'?s as a spiritual and moral standard that is essential for the unification of the planet and the unfoldment of world order, and in the importance of implementing the principle in individual, family, a...
  • Female education
    Female education

    Female education is a catch-all term for a complex of issues and debates surrounding education for females. It includes areas of gender equality and access to education, and its connection to the alleviation of poverty....
  • Mixed-sex education
  • Quaker Testimony of Equality
    Testimony of Equality

    The Testimony of Equality is the Religious Society of Friends belief that all people are created equal in the eyes of God. This Testimony has prompted Quakers to participate in actions that promote the gender equality and the racial equality, as well as other classifications of people....


Laws

  • Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women
    Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women

    The Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women is an international convention adopted in 1979 by the United Nations United Nations General Assembly....
     or CEDAW (United Nations, 1979)
  • Equal Pay Act of 1963
    Equal Pay Act of 1963

    The Equal Pay Act of 1963, Pub. L. No. 88-38, 77 Stat. 56, codified at , is a United States federal law amending the Fair Labor Standards Act, aimed at abolishing wage differentials based on sex....
     (United States)
  • Equality Act 2006
    Equality Act 2006

    The Equality Act 2006 is an Act of Parliament of the Parliament of the United Kingdom covering the United Kingdom, and covers the following areas - the creation of the Equality and Human Rights Commission , replacing the current equality commissions - the Commission for Racial Equality, the Equal Opportunities Commission and the Disability R...
     (UK)
  • Equality Bill
    Equality Bill

    The Equality Bill is a proposed Act of Parliament of the Parliament of the United Kingdom which was announced in May 2008 as part of the British government's draft legislative programme for the year ahead....
     (UK)
  • European charter for equality of women and men in local life
    European charter for equality of women and men in local life

    The European charter for equality of women and men in local life The Council of European Municipalities and Regions launched in May 2006 a European charter for equality of women and men in local life....
  • Gender Equity Education Act (Taiwan)
    Gender Equity Education Act (Taiwan)

    Gender Equity Education Act of Republic of China was announced on 2004 June 23. The General Provisions states the purposes of the act: "to promote substantive gender equality, eliminate gender discrimination, uphold human dignity, and improve and establish education resources and environment of gender equality....
  • Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act
    Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act

    The Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act of 2009 is an Act of Congress enacted by the 111th United States Congress and signed into law by President of the United States Barack Obama on January 29, 2009....
     (United States, 2009)
  • Title IX
    Title IX

    Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972, now known as the Patsy T. Mink Equal Opportunity in Education Act in honor of its principal author, but more commonly known simply as Title IX, is a United States law enacted on June 23, 1972 that states: "No person in the United States shall judge on the basis of sex, be denied the be...
     of the Education Amendments of 1972 (United States)
  • Uniform civil code
    Uniform civil code

    Uniform Civil Code in India is a term that originated from the concept of a civil law Code in India. A Uniform Civil Code administers the same set of secular civil laws to govern all people, even those belonging to different religions and regions....
     (India)
  • Women's Petition to the National Assembly
    Women's Petition to the National Assembly

    This petition was produced during the French Revolution and presented to the French National Assembly in November 1789 after The March on Versailles on October 5 1789, proposing a decree by the National Assembly to give gender equality....
     (France, 1789)


Organizations and ministries

  • Afghan Ministry of Women Affairs
    Afghan Ministry of Women Affairs

    Afghan Ministry of Women Affairs ; Persian language: ????? ???????? ????????? , Pashto language:? ??? ???? ?????; is a new ministry in the Afghan government installation stablished in 2001 by Afghan Transitional Administration....
     (Afghanistan)
  • Christians for Biblical Equality
    Christians for Biblical Equality

    Christians for Biblical Equality is non-profit organization of Christian men and women that advocates a biblical basis for gift-based, rather than gender-based ministry of Christians of all ages, ethnicities and socio-economic classes....
  • Committee on Women's Rights and Gender Equality
    Committee on Women's Rights and Gender Equality

    The Committee on Women's Rights and Gender Equality is a committee of the European Parliament.MembersExternal links...
     (European Parliament)
  • Equal Opportunities Commission
    Equal Opportunities Commission

    The Equal Opportunities Commission was an independent non-departmental public body, in the United Kingdom, which tackled sex discrimination and promoted gender equality....
     (UK)
  • European Institute for Gender Equality
    European Institute for Gender Equality

    The European Institute for Gender Equality is a Vilnius-based Agencies of the European Union inaugurated on 2007. It was established by European Union regulation No 1922/2006 of 20 December 2006....
  • Gender Empowerment Measure
    Gender Empowerment Measure

    The Gender Empowerment Measure is a measure of inequalities between men's and women's opportunities in a country. It combines inequalities in three areas: political participation and decision making, economic participation and decision making, and power over economic resources....
    , a metric used by the United Nations
  • Gender-related Development Index
    Gender-related Development Index

    The Gender-related Development Index is an indication of the standard of living in a country, developed by the United Nations . It is one of the five indicators used by the United Nations Development Programme in its annual Human Development Report....
    , a metric used by the United Nations
  • Government Equalities Office
    Government Equalities Office

    The Government Equalities Office is a Departments of the United Kingdom Government. It was created in October 2007 when the Women and Equality Unit, based within the Department for Communities and Local Government was converted into an independent department....
     (UK)
  • International Center for Research on Women
    International Center for Research on Women

    The International Center for Research on Women is a non-profit organization headquartered in Washington, D.C., United States, with a regional office in New Delhi, India, and a project office in Uganda....
  • Ministry of Integration and Gender Equality (Sweden)
    Ministry of Integration and Gender Equality (Sweden)

    The Ministry of Integration and Gender Equality is a Ministry of the government of Sweden. Its areas of responsibility include Consumer protection, democracy issues, gender equality, human rights, Racial integration issues, Metropolitan area affairs, Minority group issues, non-governmental organizations and youth policy....
  • Ministry of Women, Family and Community Development (Malaysia)
    Ministry of Women, Family and Community Development (Malaysia)

    The Ministry of Women, Family and Community Development , better known by its Malay language acronym, KPWKM, is a government Ministry that is responsible determining the policies and direction to achieve the goals of gender equality, family development and a caring society in line with Malaysia's commitment towards the United Nations'...
  • National Commission on the Role of Filipino Women
    National Commission on the Role of Filipino Women

    The National Commission on the Role of Filipino Women, established in January 7, 1975 through Presidential Decree No. 633, is the Philippine machinery for the advancement of women....
     (Philippines)


External links

  • , International forum of gender experts working in support of gender equality. Development Co-operation Directorate of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
    Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development

    The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development is an international organization of 30 countries that accept the principles of representative democracy and free market economy....
  • World Bank
  • Gender equality in Sweden (news collection)