Friedrich Trendelenburg
Encyclopedia
Friedrich Trendelenburg (May 24, 1844 – December 15, 1924) was a German
surgeon
. He was son of the philosopher
Friedrich Adolf Trendelenburg
, father of the pharmacologist
Paul Trendelenburg and grandfather of the pharmacologist Ullrich Georg Trendelenburg
.
Trendelenburg was born in Berlin
and studied medicine
at the University of Glasgow
and the University of Edinburgh
. He completed his studies at the Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
under Bernhard von Langenbeck
, receiving his doctorate in 1866. He practiced medicine at the University of Rostock
and the University of Bonn
. In 1895 he became surgeon-in-chief at the University of Leipzig
.
Trendelenburg was interested in the history of surgery. He founded the German Surgical Society in 1872. Trendelenburg was also interested in the surgical removal of pulmonary emboli
. His student, Martin Kirschner
, performed the first successful pulmonary embolectomy in 1924, shortly before Trendelenburg's death. He died in 1924 of cancer of the mandible, aged 80.
Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
surgeon
Surgeon
In medicine, a surgeon is a specialist in surgery. Surgery is a broad category of invasive medical treatment that involves the cutting of a body, whether human or animal, for a specific reason such as the removal of diseased tissue or to repair a tear or breakage...
. He was son of the philosopher
Philosophy
Philosophy is the study of general and fundamental problems, such as those connected with existence, knowledge, values, reason, mind, and language. Philosophy is distinguished from other ways of addressing such problems by its critical, generally systematic approach and its reliance on rational...
Friedrich Adolf Trendelenburg
Friedrich Adolf Trendelenburg
Friedrich Adolf Trendelenburg was a German philosopher and philologist.-Early life:He was born at Eutin, near Lübeck. He was educated at the universities of Kiel, Leipzig, and Berlin...
, father of the pharmacologist
Pharmacology
Pharmacology is the branch of medicine and biology concerned with the study of drug action. More specifically, it is the study of the interactions that occur between a living organism and chemicals that affect normal or abnormal biochemical function...
Paul Trendelenburg and grandfather of the pharmacologist Ullrich Georg Trendelenburg
Ullrich Georg Trendelenburg
Ullrich Georg Trendelenburg was a German pharmacologist.-Biography:He was born in Gehlsdorf near Rostock...
.
Trendelenburg was born in Berlin
Berlin
Berlin is the capital city of Germany and is one of the 16 states of Germany. With a population of 3.45 million people, Berlin is Germany's largest city. It is the second most populous city proper and the seventh most populous urban area in the European Union...
and studied medicine
Medicine
Medicine is the science and art of healing. It encompasses a variety of health care practices evolved to maintain and restore health by the prevention and treatment of illness....
at the University of Glasgow
University of Glasgow
The University of Glasgow is the fourth-oldest university in the English-speaking world and one of Scotland's four ancient universities. Located in Glasgow, the university was founded in 1451 and is presently one of seventeen British higher education institutions ranked amongst the top 100 of the...
and the University of Edinburgh
University of Edinburgh
The University of Edinburgh, founded in 1583, is a public research university located in Edinburgh, the capital of Scotland, and a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The university is deeply embedded in the fabric of the city, with many of the buildings in the historic Old Town belonging to the university...
. He completed his studies at the Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Charité
The Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin is the medical school for both the Humboldt University and the Free University of Berlin. After the merger with their fourth campus in 2003, the Charité is one of the largest university hospitals in Europe....
under Bernhard von Langenbeck
Bernhard von Langenbeck
Bernhard Rudolf Konrad von Langenbeck was a German surgeon known as the developer of Langenbeck's amputation and founder of Langenbeck's Archives of Surgery....
, receiving his doctorate in 1866. He practiced medicine at the University of Rostock
University of Rostock
The University of Rostock is the university of the city Rostock, in the German state of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern.Founded in 1419, it is the oldest and largest university in continental northern Europe and the Baltic Sea area...
and the University of Bonn
University of Bonn
The University of Bonn is a public research university located in Bonn, Germany. Founded in its present form in 1818, as the linear successor of earlier academic institutions, the University of Bonn is today one of the leading universities in Germany. The University of Bonn offers a large number...
. In 1895 he became surgeon-in-chief at the University of Leipzig
University of Leipzig
The University of Leipzig , located in Leipzig in the Free State of Saxony, Germany, is one of the oldest universities in the world and the second-oldest university in Germany...
.
Trendelenburg was interested in the history of surgery. He founded the German Surgical Society in 1872. Trendelenburg was also interested in the surgical removal of pulmonary emboli
Pulmonary embolism
Pulmonary embolism is a blockage of the main artery of the lung or one of its branches by a substance that has travelled from elsewhere in the body through the bloodstream . Usually this is due to embolism of a thrombus from the deep veins in the legs, a process termed venous thromboembolism...
. His student, Martin Kirschner
Martin Kirschner
Martin Kirschner was a German surgeon, born 28 October 1879 in Breslau, died on 30 August 1942 in Heidelberg.Kirschner was the son of Margarethe Kalbeck, sister of Max Kalbeck, and Judge Martin Kirschner , who later served as city councillor of Breslau since 1873 and a member of the city...
, performed the first successful pulmonary embolectomy in 1924, shortly before Trendelenburg's death. He died in 1924 of cancer of the mandible, aged 80.
named after Friedrich Trendelenburg
A number of medical treatments and terminologies have been named after Friedrich Trendelenburg, including:- Brodie–Trendelenburg percussion test (also accredited to Sir Benjamin Collins Brodie) is a test for incompetent valves in superficial veinSuperficial veinSuperficial vein is a term used to describe a vein that is close to the surface of the body. It is used to differentiate veins that are close to the surface from veins that are far from the surface, known as deep veins....
s - Trendelenburg's cannula: a cannulaCannulaA cannula or canula is a tube that can be inserted into the body, often for the delivery or removal of fluid or for the gathering of data...
used during surgery of the larynxLarynxThe larynx , commonly called the voice box, is an organ in the neck of amphibians, reptiles and mammals involved in breathing, sound production, and protecting the trachea against food aspiration. It manipulates pitch and volume...
to prevent the patient from swallowing blood during surgery involving the head and neck - Trendelenburg gaitTrendelenburg gaitThe Trendelenburg gait pattern is an abnormal gait caused by weakness of the abductor muscles of the lower limb, gluteus medius and gluteus minimus. People with a lesion of superior gluteal nerve have weakness of abducting the thigh at the hip...
: an abnormal gaitGait (human)Human gait is the way locomotion is achieved using human limbs. Different gaits are characterized by differences in limb movement patterns, overall velocity, forces, kinetic and potential energy cycles, and changes in the contact with the surface .- Foot strike :One variable in different gaits is...
caused by weakness of the abductor musclesAbduction (kinesiology)Abduction, in functional anatomy, is a movement which draws a limb away from the median plane of the body. It is thus opposed to adduction.-Upper limb:* of arm at shoulder ** Supraspinatus** Deltoid* of hand at wrist...
of the lower limbLower limbThe lower limb is a limb of the body.According to Terminologia Anatomica, it includes the pelvic girdle, buttocks, hip, and thigh, as well as the components distal to the knee.-References:...
, including the gluteus mediusGluteus medius muscleThe gluteus medius , one of the three gluteal muscles, is a broad, thick, radiating muscle, situated on the outer surface of the pelvis....
and gluteus minimusGluteus minimus muscleThe gluteus minimus , the smallest of the three gluteal muscles, is situated immediately beneath the gluteus medius.-Origin and insertion:...
muscles. - Trendelenburg operation: ligation of the great saphenous veinGreat saphenous veinThe great saphenous vein , also long saphenous vein, is the large superficial vein of the leg and thigh.The terms "safaina" and "el safin" have both been claimed as the origin for the word "saphenous."-Path:The GSV originates from where the dorsal vein of the first digit...
, for the treatment of varicose veinsVaricose veinsVaricose veins are veins that have become enlarged and tortuous. The term commonly refers to the veins on the leg, although varicose veins can occur elsewhere. Veins have leaflet valves to prevent blood from flowing backwards . Leg muscles pump the veins to return blood to the heart, against the...
. This term may also apply to pulmonary thrombectomyPulmonary thrombectomyIn thoracic surgery, a pulmonary thrombectomy, is an emergency procedure that removes clotted blood from the pulmonary arteries.Mechanical thrombectomies can be surgical or percutaneous .... - Trendelenburg positionTrendelenburg positionIn the Trendelenburg position the body is laid flat on the back with the feet higher than the head by 15-30 degrees, in contrast to the reverse Trendelenburg position, where the body is tilted in the opposite direction. This is a standard position used in abdominal and gynecological surgery...
, in which the patient is placed on a bed which is put into incline such that the patient's head is lower than his feet - Trendelenburg's signTrendelenburg's signTrendelenburg's sign is found in people with weak or paralyzed abductor muscles of the hip, namely gluteus medius and minimus. It is named after the German surgeon Friedrich Trendelenburg....
: a sign of congenital dislocation of the hip - Trendelenburg's testTrendelenburg's testTrendelenburg's test is a test of the saphenous and other veins for varicosities. A patient in a supine position and elevate leg to 90 degrees for about one minute to empty the leg of venous blood. Occlude the great saphenous vein with manual compression...
: a test for varicose veins as well as a test to assess hip mobility