Frederick William (Freddie) Francis./ (22 December 1917 – 17 March 2007) was an
EnglishEngland is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west and the North Sea to the east, with the English Channel to the south separating it from continental...
cinematographerA cinematographer is one photographing with a motion picture camera . The title is generally equivalent to director of photography , used to designate a chief over the camera and lighting crews working on a film, responsible for achieving artistic and technical decisions related to the image...
and
film directorA film director, or filmmaker is a person who directs the making or production of a film. Some also consider a film producer to be a filmmaker....
.
He achieved his greatest successes as a cinematographer, including winning two Academy Awards, for
Sons and LoversSons and Lovers is a 1960 film adaptation of the D. H. Lawrence novel Sons and Lovers. It was adapted by T. E. B. Clarke and Gavin Lambert and directed by Jack Cardiff...
(1960) and
GloryGlory is a 1989 drama war film based on the 54th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry as told from the point of view of its commanding officer, Robert Gould Shaw during the American Civil War. The 54th was one of the first formal units of the U.S...
(1989). As a director, he has cult status on account of his association with the British
horrorHorror films are movies that strive to elicit the emotions of fear, horror and terror from viewers. Their plots frequently involve themes of death, the supernatural or mental illness...
studios
AmicusAmicus Productions is a British film production company, based at Shepperton Studios, England. It was founded by American producer and screenwriter Milton Subotsky and Max Rosenberg.-Horror:...
and Hammer in the 1960s.
Born in
Islington in
London[]London is the capital of England and the United Kingdom. It has been a major settlement for two millennia, and the history of London goes back to its founding by the Romans, when it was named Londinium. London's core, the ancient City of London, the 'square mile', retains its medieval boundaries...
,
EnglandEngland is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west and the North Sea to the east, with the English Channel to the south separating it from continental...
, Francis was originally on the way to a career in engineering.
Frederick William (Freddie) Francis./ (22 December 1917 – 17 March 2007) was an
EnglishEngland is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west and the North Sea to the east, with the English Channel to the south separating it from continental...
cinematographerA cinematographer is one photographing with a motion picture camera . The title is generally equivalent to director of photography , used to designate a chief over the camera and lighting crews working on a film, responsible for achieving artistic and technical decisions related to the image...
and
film directorA film director, or filmmaker is a person who directs the making or production of a film. Some also consider a film producer to be a filmmaker....
.
He achieved his greatest successes as a cinematographer, including winning two Academy Awards, for
Sons and LoversSons and Lovers is a 1960 film adaptation of the D. H. Lawrence novel Sons and Lovers. It was adapted by T. E. B. Clarke and Gavin Lambert and directed by Jack Cardiff...
(1960) and
GloryGlory is a 1989 drama war film based on the 54th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry as told from the point of view of its commanding officer, Robert Gould Shaw during the American Civil War. The 54th was one of the first formal units of the U.S...
(1989). As a director, he has cult status on account of his association with the British
horrorHorror films are movies that strive to elicit the emotions of fear, horror and terror from viewers. Their plots frequently involve themes of death, the supernatural or mental illness...
studios
AmicusAmicus Productions is a British film production company, based at Shepperton Studios, England. It was founded by American producer and screenwriter Milton Subotsky and Max Rosenberg.-Horror:...
and Hammer in the 1960s.
Early life and career
Born in
Islington in
London[]London is the capital of England and the United Kingdom. It has been a major settlement for two millennia, and the history of London goes back to its founding by the Romans, when it was named Londinium. London's core, the ancient City of London, the 'square mile', retains its medieval boundaries...
,
EnglandEngland is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west and the North Sea to the east, with the English Channel to the south separating it from continental...
, Francis was originally on the way to a career in engineering. At school, a piece he wrote about films of the future won him a scholarship to the North-West Polytechnic in Kentish Town. He left school at age 16, becoming an apprentice to a stills photographer by the name of Louis Prothero. Freddie stayed with him for six months. In this time they photograped stills for a Stanley Lupino picture made at Ealing. This led to him successively becoming a
clapper boyIn motion picture and videotape production, a clapperboard is a device used to assist in the synchronizing of picture and sound; additionally, the clapperboard is used to designate and mark particular scenes and takes recorded during a production...
, camera loader and focus puller.
In 1939, Francis joined the
ArmyThe British Army is the land armed forces branch of the British Armed Forces. It came into being with the unification of the Kingdoms of England and Scotland into the Kingdom of Great Britain in 1707. The new British Army incorporated Regiments that had already existed in England and Scotland and...
, where he would spend the next seven years. Eventually he was assigned as a cameraman and director to the Army Kinematograph Unit at Wembley, where he worked on many training films. About this, Francis said, "Most of the time I was with various film units within the service, so I got quite a bit of experience in all sorts of jobs, including being a cameraman and editing and generally being a jack of all trades."
Upon his return to civilian life, Francis spent the next 10 years working as a camera operator. Some of the films he worked on during this period include
The Elusive PimpernelThe Elusive Pimpernel is a period adventure film by the British-based director-writer team of Michael Powell and Emeric Pressburger, based on The Scarlet Pimpernel by Baroness Emmuska Orczy, and its sequel The Elusive Pimpernel. Despite having been shot in color, tt was released in the United...
(1950),
The Tales of HoffmannThe Tales of Hoffmann is a British film adaptation of Jacques Offenbach's opera Les contes d'Hoffmann, written, produced and directed by the team of Michael Powell and Emeric Pressburger working under the umbrella of their production company, The Archers...
(1951),
Beat the Devil (1953), and
Moby DickMoby Dick is a 1956 film adaptation of Herman Melville's novel Moby-Dick. It was directed by John Huston with a screenplay by Ray Bradbury and the director...
(1956); he was a frequent collaborator with cinematographers
Christopher ChallisChristopher Challis, B.S.C. is a British cinematographer who has worked on more than 70 feature films since starting in the industry in the 1940s....
(nine films) and
Oswald MorrisOswald Norman Morris OBE, DFC, AFC, BSC is a British cinematographer. Known to his colleagues by the nicknames "Os" or "Ossie", Morris' film cinematography career spanned six decades.-Early life and career:...
(five films).
After
Moby Dick, Francis became a full-time cinematographer, handling such prestige pictures as
Room at the Top (1959),
Saturday Night and Sunday MorningSaturday Night and Sunday Morning is a 1960 film adaptation of the novel of the same name by Alan Sillitoe. Sillitoe wrote the screenplay adaptation and the film was directed by Karel Reisz.-Synopsis:...
(1960),
Sons and LoversSons and Lovers is a 1960 film adaptation of the D. H. Lawrence novel Sons and Lovers. It was adapted by T. E. B. Clarke and Gavin Lambert and directed by Jack Cardiff...
(1960), and
The InnocentsThe Innocents is a 1961 horror film based on the novella The Turn of the Screw by Henry James. Directed and produced by Jack Clayton, it stars Deborah Kerr, Michael Redgrave and Megs Jenkins. Falling into the subgenre of psychological horror, the film makes use of its lighting, music, and direction...
(1961).
Francis received many industry awards, including, in 1997, an international achievement award from the American Society of Cinematographers, and, in 2004, Bafta's special achievement award.
Directorial career
Following his Academy Award win for
Sons and Lovers, Francis began his career as director of feature films.His first feature as director was
Two and Two make Six 1962. For the next 20-plus years, Francis worked continuously as a director of low-budget films, most of them in the genres of horror or psycho-thriller.
Beginning in
1963The year 1963 in film involved some significant events.-Events:* June 12 - Cleopatra starring Elizabeth Taylor, Rex Harrison and Richard Burton premieres at the Rivoli Theatre in New York City....
with
ParanoiacParanoiac is a 1963 suspense film from Hammer Films directed by Freddie Francis and starring Janette Scott, Oliver Reed, Sheila Burrell, and Alexander Davion....
, Francis made numerous films for Hammer throughout the 1960s and 1970s. These films included thrillers like
Nightmare (1964) and
Hysteria (1965), as well as more traditional monster movies such as
The Evil of FrankensteinThe Evil of Frankenstein is a 1963 British horror film made by Hammer Studio. This film version of Shelley's tale was directed for Hammer by Freddie Francis. The film stars Peter Cushing as Frankenstein and New Zealand wrestler Kiwi Kingston as the Monster...
(1964) and
Dracula Has Risen from the GraveDracula Has Risen from the Grave is a 1968 British horror film directed by Freddie Francis for Hammer Films. It stars Christopher Lee as Count Dracula, with support from Rupert Davies, Veronica Carlson, Barry Andrews, Barbara Ewing, Ewan Hooper and Michael Ripper.The world of the film is arguably...
. On his apparent typecasting as a director of these types of movies, Francis said, "Horror films have liked me more than I have liked horror films."
Also in the 1960s, Francis began an association with
Amicus ProductionsAmicus Productions is a British film production company, based at Shepperton Studios, England. It was founded by American producer and screenwriter Milton Subotsky and Max Rosenberg.-Horror:...
, another studio which, like Hammer, specialized in horror pictures. Most of the films Francis made for Amicus were anthologies such as
Dr. Terror's House of HorrorsDr. Terror's House of Horrors is a 1965 British horror film from Amicus Productions, directed by veteran horror director Freddie Francis, written by Milton Subotsky, and starred Peter Cushing and Christopher Lee....
(1965),
Torture GardenTorture Garden is a 1967 horror film made in the UK by Amicus Productions. It was directed by Freddie Francis and scripted by Robert Bloch. It stars Burgess Meredith, Jack Palance, Michael Ripper, Beverly Adams, Peter Cushing, Maurice Denham, Ursula Howells, Michael Bryant and Barbara Ewing...
(1968) and
Tales from the CryptTales from the Crypt is a British horror movie, made in 1972 by Amicus Productions. It is an anthology film consisting of five separate segments, based on stories from EC Comics. Only two of the stories, however, are actually from EC's Tales from the Crypt...
. As a director, Francis was more than competent, and his horror films possessed an undeniable visual flair. But he regretted that he was seldom able to move beyond genre material as a director.
Of the films Francis directed, one of his favourites was
Mumsy, Nanny, Sonny, and Girly (1970).
Mumsy... was a black comedy about an isolated
upper classIn sociology an upper class is the group of people at the top of a social hierarchy. Members of an upper class may have great power over the allocation of resources and governmental policy in their area, but only to the extent that the power of the state can intervene in free exchange or distort...
family whose relationships and behaviors came equipped with deadly consequences. The film was not very well received by mainstream critics, but has gone on to become a minor cult favourite amongst fans.
In
1985-Events:* 3 December - Roger Moore steps down from the role of James Bond after twelve years and seven films. He is replaced by Timothy Dalton.* The Academy Award for Best Picture was won by Out of Africa, while the highest grossing film was Back to the Future.-Top grossing films :source:...
, Francis directed
The Doctor and the Devils, which is based on the crimes of Burke and Hare.
Francis's last film as director was
The Dark Tower (1986) (no relation to the 2004 book of the same name by
Stephen KingStephen Edwin King is an American writer of contemporary horror fiction, science fiction, fantasy literature, and screenplays. An estimated 300–350 million copies of King's novels and short story collections have been sold, and many of his stories have been adapted for film, television, and...
).
Return to cinematography
With
The Elephant ManThe Elephant Man is a American–British drama film based on the story of Joseph Merrick , a severely deformed man in 19th century London...
(1980), Francis found himself gaining new-found industry and critical respect as a cinematographer. During the 1980s he worked on films like
The Executioner's SongThe Executioner's Song is a 1980 Pulitzer Prize-winning novel by Norman Mailer that depicts the events surrounding the execution of Gary Gilmore by the state of Utah for murder...
(1982),
DuneDune is a 1984 science fiction film written and directed by David Lynch, based on the 1965 Frank Herbert novel of the same name. The film stars Kyle MacLachlan as Paul Atreides, and includes an ensemble of well-known American and European actors in supporting roles, including Sting, Jose Ferrer,...
(1984) and
GloryGlory is a 1989 drama war film based on the 54th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry as told from the point of view of its commanding officer, Robert Gould Shaw during the American Civil War. The 54th was one of the first formal units of the U.S...
(1989), which earned him his second Academy Award.
In
1991The year 1991 in film involved some significant events.-Events:*April 28 - Bonnie Raitt marries actor Michael O'Keefe in New York*Terminator 2: Judgment Day, became one of the landmarks for sci-fi action films.-Top grossing films :...
, Francis provided the cinematography for the critical favourite
The Man in the MoonThe Man in the Moon is a 1991 American drama film, directed by Robert Mulligan and starring Reese Witherspoon and Jason London. It was Mulligan's last film, as well as Witherspoon's first film.- Plot summary :...
as well as
Martin ScorseseMartin Marcantonio Luciano Scorsese is an American film director, screenwriter, producer, actor, and film historian. He is the founder of the World Cinema Foundation, a recipient of the AFI Life Achievement Award for his contributions to the cinema and has won awards from the Oscars, Golden Globe,...
's remake of
Cape FearCape Fear is a 1991 thriller film, directed by Martin Scorsese. It is a remake of the 1962 film of the same name and tells the story of a family man, a former public defender, whose family is threatened by a convicted rapist who wants vengeance for having been imprisoned for 14 years because of the...
. His final film as cinematographer was
David LynchDavid Keith Lynch is an American filmmaker and visual artist. Lynch has received three Academy Award nominations for Best Director, for The Elephant Man , Blue Velvet , and Mulholland Drive . He also received a screenplay Academy Award nomination for The Elephant Man...
's
The Straight StoryThe Straight Story is a 1999 film directed by David Lynch. It is based on the true story of Alvin Straight's journey across Iowa and Wisconsin on a lawnmower. The film was edited and produced by Mary Sweeney, Lynch's longtime partner and co-worker. She co-wrote the script with John E...
, which he shot on location in
IowaIowa is a state located in the Midwestern region of the United States of America, an area often referred to as the "American Heartland." It derives its name from the Ioway people, one of the many American Indian tribes that occupied the state at the time of European exploration. Iowa was a part of...
in 23 days.
Personal life
Freddie Francis married Gladys Dorrell in 1940, with whom he had a son; in 1963 he married
Pamela Mann FrancisPamela Francis was a leading British script supervisor.Pam began her career in the publicity department at Pinewood Studios, moving in 1955 to Continuity , and worked on such classics as Bridge on the River Kwai and Billy Liar...
, with whom he had a daughter and a second son.
He died at age 89 as the result of the lingering effects of a stroke, after a long and distinguished career in the cinema. His son
Kevin FrancisKevin Francis is an English film producer.He has worked in the cinema as a runner, production manager and producer for Amicus and Hammer. He founded the production company Tyburn Film Productions Limited and was the co-investor of the company WGOCL who co-produced Tales that Witness Madness...
is a
film producerA film producer or movie producer is someone who creates the scenes and conditions for making movies. The producer initiates, co-ordinates, supervises and controls matters such as fund-raising, hiring key personnel and arranging for distributors...
.
As cinematographer
- Mine Own Executioner
Mine Own Executioner is a 1947 British drama film directed by Anthony Kimmins. It was entered into the 1947 Cannes Film Festival. -Cast:* Burgess Meredith - Felix Milne* Dulcie Gray - Patricia Milne* Michael Shepley - Peter Edge...
(1947The year 1947 in film involved some significant events.-Events:*May 22 - Great Expectations is premiered in New York.*November 24 : The United States House of Representatives of the 80th Congress voted 346 to 17 to approve citations for contempt of Congress against the "Hollywood Ten."*November 25...
)
- Room at the Top (1958
The year 1958 in film involved some significant events.-Events:* February 16- "In the Money" by William Beaudine is released on this date...
)
- Sons and Lovers
Sons and Lovers is a 1960 film adaptation of the D. H. Lawrence novel Sons and Lovers. It was adapted by T. E. B. Clarke and Gavin Lambert and directed by Jack Cardiff...
(1960The year 1960 in film involved some significant events.-Events:* April 20 - for the first time since coming home from military service in Germany, Elvis Presley returns to Hollywood, California to film G.I...
)
- The Innocents
The Innocents is a 1961 horror film based on the novella The Turn of the Screw by Henry James. Directed and produced by Jack Clayton, it stars Deborah Kerr, Michael Redgrave and Megs Jenkins. Falling into the subgenre of psychological horror, the film makes use of its lighting, music, and direction...
(1961The year 1961 in film involved some significant events.-Top grossing films : After theatrical re-issue
source: http://www.boxofficereport.com/database/1961.shtml- Awards :Academy Awards:*Bridge to the Sun...
)
- The Elephant Man
The Elephant Man is a American–British drama film based on the story of Joseph Merrick , a severely deformed man in 19th century London...
(1980The year 1980 in film involved some significant events.-Events:*May 21 - The Empire Strikes Back is released and is the biggest grosser of the year just as its precessdor, Star Wars did three years before....
)
- The French Lieutenant's Woman
The French Lieutenant's Woman is a 1981 film directed by Karel Reisz and adapted by playwright Harold Pinter. It is based on the novel of the same title by John Fowles...
(1981-Events:*January 19 - Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer acquires beleaguered concurrent United Artists. UA was humiliated by the astronomical losses on the $40,000,000 movie Heaven's Gate, a major factor in the decision of owner Transamerica to sell it....
)
- Dune
Dune is a 1984 science fiction film written and directed by David Lynch, based on the 1965 Frank Herbert novel of the same name. The film stars Kyle MacLachlan as Paul Atreides, and includes an ensemble of well-known American and European actors in supporting roles, including Sting, Jose Ferrer,...
(1984-Events:* The Walt Disney Company founds Touchstone Pictures to release movies with subject matter deemed inappropriate for the Disney name.*Tri-Star Pictures, a joint venture of Columbia Pictures, HBO, and CBS, releases its first film....
)
- Glory
Glory is a 1989 drama war film based on the 54th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry as told from the point of view of its commanding officer, Robert Gould Shaw during the American Civil War. The 54th was one of the first formal units of the U.S...
(1989-Events:* "Batman" is released on June 23, and went on to become the biggest blockbuster of the year; Grossing over $250 million at the box office.* Actress Kim Basinger and her brother Mick purchase Braselton, Georgia, for $20 million...
)
- Cape Fear
Cape Fear is a 1991 thriller film, directed by Martin Scorsese. It is a remake of the 1962 film of the same name and tells the story of a family man, a former public defender, whose family is threatened by a convicted rapist who wants vengeance for having been imprisoned for 14 years because of the...
(1991The year 1991 in film involved some significant events.-Events:*April 28 - Bonnie Raitt marries actor Michael O'Keefe in New York*Terminator 2: Judgment Day, became one of the landmarks for sci-fi action films.-Top grossing films :...
)
- Rainbow
Rainbow is a 1996 family adventure film directed by Bob Hoskins, written by Ashley Sidaway and Robert Sidaway and starring Bob Hoskins, Terry Finn, Jacob Tierney, Saul Rubinek and Dan Aykroyd...
- The Straight Story
The Straight Story is a 1999 film directed by David Lynch. It is based on the true story of Alvin Straight's journey across Iowa and Wisconsin on a lawnmower. The film was edited and produced by Mary Sweeney, Lynch's longtime partner and co-worker. She co-wrote the script with John E...
(1999The year 1999 in film involved some significant events and was arguably the most successful year for films released in the 1990s. Several new feature films, including Star Wars Episode I, The Sixth Sense, The Green Mile, new sequel Toy Story 2, first of The Matrix, Disney's animated Tarzan,...
)
As director
- The Evil of Frankenstein
The Evil of Frankenstein is a 1963 British horror film made by Hammer Studio. This film version of Shelley's tale was directed for Hammer by Freddie Francis. The film stars Peter Cushing as Frankenstein and New Zealand wrestler Kiwi Kingston as the Monster...
(Hammer, 1963The year 1963 in film involved some significant events.-Events:* June 12 - Cleopatra starring Elizabeth Taylor, Rex Harrison and Richard Burton premieres at the Rivoli Theatre in New York City....
)
- Dr. Terror's House of Horrors
Dr. Terror's House of Horrors is a 1965 British horror film from Amicus Productions, directed by veteran horror director Freddie Francis, written by Milton Subotsky, and starred Peter Cushing and Christopher Lee....
(AmicusAmicus Productions is a British film production company, based at Shepperton Studios, England. It was founded by American producer and screenwriter Milton Subotsky and Max Rosenberg.-Horror:...
, 1964The year 1964 in film involved some significant events.-Events:* January 29 - The film Dr. Strangelove or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb is released....
)
- Nightmare
Nightmare is a 1964 horror/suspense film from Hammer Films. The film was directed by Freddie Francis and written by Hammer Films regular Jimmy Sangster.-Plot:The film's protagonist, Janet, is a young student attending boarding school...
(1964)
- Traitor's Gate
Traitor's Gate is a 1964 German crime film directed by Freddie Francis and starring Albert Lieven.-Cast:* Albert Lieven - Trayne* Gary Raymond - Graham / Dick* Margot Trooger - Dinah* Catherine Schell - Hope Joyner* Eddi Arent - Hector...
(1964)
- The Skull
The Skull is a 1965 British horror film directed by Freddie Francis for Amicus Productions. It starred the frequently paired horror actors Peter Cushing and Christopher Lee, alongside Patrick Wymark, Jill Bennett, Nigel Green, Patrick Magee and Peter Woodthorpe.It was one of a number of British...
(AmicusAmicus Productions is a British film production company, based at Shepperton Studios, England. It was founded by American producer and screenwriter Milton Subotsky and Max Rosenberg.-Horror:...
, 1965The year 1965 in film involved some significant events.-Top grossing films : After theatrical re-issue
source: http://www.boxofficereport.com/database/1965.shtml- Awards :Academy Awards:*Boeing Boeing*Brainstorm...
)
- Torture Garden
Torture Garden is a 1967 horror film made in the UK by Amicus Productions. It was directed by Freddie Francis and scripted by Robert Bloch. It stars Burgess Meredith, Jack Palance, Michael Ripper, Beverly Adams, Peter Cushing, Maurice Denham, Ursula Howells, Michael Bryant and Barbara Ewing...
(AmicusAmicus Productions is a British film production company, based at Shepperton Studios, England. It was founded by American producer and screenwriter Milton Subotsky and Max Rosenberg.-Horror:...
, 1968The year 1968 in film involved some significant events.-Events:* October 30 - The film The Lion in Winter, starring Katharine Hepburn, debuts.* November 1 - The MPAA's film rating system is introduced.-Top grossing films :...
)
- Dracula Has Risen from the Grave
Dracula Has Risen from the Grave is a 1968 British horror film directed by Freddie Francis for Hammer Films. It stars Christopher Lee as Count Dracula, with support from Rupert Davies, Veronica Carlson, Barry Andrews, Barbara Ewing, Ewan Hooper and Michael Ripper.The world of the film is arguably...
(Hammer, 1968)
- Trog
Trog is a Warner Bros. feature film starring Joan Crawford in a story about the discovery of a caveman. The screenplay was written by Peter Bryan, John Gilling, and Aben Kandel, and the film directed by Freddie Francis. Trog marks Crawford's last big-screen appearance.-Plot and cast:When a...
(Herman Cohen Productions, 1970The year 1970 in film involved some significant events.-Events:* February 11 - The film The Magic Christian, starring Peter Sellers and Ringo Starr premieres in New York City...
)
- Tales From The Crypt (Amicus
Amicus Productions is a British film production company, based at Shepperton Studios, England. It was founded by American producer and screenwriter Milton Subotsky and Max Rosenberg.-Horror:...
,1972The year 1972 in film involved some significant events.-Top grossing films :source: http://www.boxofficereport.com/database/1972.shtml- Awards :Academy Awards:*Ben*The Big Bird Cage*Blacula*Bone...
)
Sources
- The Films of Freddie Francis - Wheeler Winston Dixon
Wheeler Winston Dixon is best known as a writer of film history, theory and criticism. He is the author of numerous books on film, as well as a professor who has taught at Rutgers University, New Brunswick; The New School in New York; and the University of Amsterdam, Holland. He received his Ph.D....
, Scarecrow Press, 1991. ISBN 0-8108-2358-6 (hardcover).
- The Men Who Made The Monsters - Paul M. Jensen, published 1996 - ISBN 0-8057-9338-0 (pbk.)
External links