François Marie, Prince of Lillebonne
Encyclopedia
François Marie de Lorraine (4 Apr 1624–19 January 1694) was a French nobleman and member of the House of Lorraine
. He was known as the prince de Lillebonne. He was also the Duke of Joyeuse.
, Duke of Elbeuf and his wife Catherine Henriette de Bourbon, Légitimée de France
, legitimised daughter of Henry IV of France
and Gabrielle d'Estrées
. He was the couple's fourth and youngest son. In his youth, he was styled as the Count of Lillebonne, later styling himself as Prince. He was only sold the County of Lillebonne in 1692 by his nephew Henri, Duke of Elbeuf
who had recently lost his father Charles de Lorraine
.
A member of the House of Guise founded by Claude, Duke of Guise
, he was a Prince of Lorraine as a male line descendant of René II, Duke of Lorraine
. At court, he, like members of his Lorraine family, held the rank of Foreign Prince
, a rank which was below that of the immediate Royal Family
and Princes of the Blood
.
His paternal first cousins included the Chevalier de Lorraine
(lover of Philippe I, Duke of Orléans
) and the Count of Armagnac
; his maternal cousins included Louis XIV of France
and the above-mentioned Duke of Orléans.
He was a captain of cavalry in a regiment of Cardinal Mazarin. He served in the Thirty Years War taking part in the Siege of Lleida
in 1644 and, the following year in the Battle of Nördlingen
in which he was injured (his brother Charles III, Duke of Elbeuf
also served in this battle). A good military man, he later fought against Spain prior to the marriage between Louis XIV and Maria Teresa of Austria
, which cemented peace between the two nations.
He married twice, first on 3 September 1658 to Christine d'Estrées, daughter of François Annibal d'Estrées
. The couple had no issue. Christine died in December 1658 having had no children. He married again on 7 October 1660, this time his cousin Anne de Lorraine, daughter of Charles IV, Duke of Lorraine
. As a wedding gift, the Duke of Lorraine gave his daughter the Hôtel de Beauvau later renamed the Hôtel de Lillebonne, in (Nancy). They were married at the Abbaye Saint-Pierre de Montmartre
.
His brother in law was Charles Henri de Lorraine, prince de Vaudémont, son of Charles IV, Duke of Lorraine
and his secret spouse, Béatrix de Cusance.
His eldest son, the Prince of Commercy, died in battle in 1702; his eldest daughter, Béatrice Hiéronyme, was the Abbess
of the prestigious abbey at Remiremont Abbey
. His other surviving daughter, Élisabeth, married the Prince of Epinoy; Élisabeth was the mother of Anne Julie Adélaïde de Melun, wife of Charles de Rohan and ancestress of a princesse de Condé
princesse de Guéméné
and duc d'Enghien, who was executed in the moat of the Château de Vincennes
in March 1804.
François Marie de Lorraine died in Paris at the age of sixty-nine, his wife outliving him by twenty-six years.
House of Lorraine
The House of Lorraine, the main and now only remaining line known as Habsburg-Lorraine, is one of the most important and was one of the longest-reigning royal houses in the history of Europe...
. He was known as the prince de Lillebonne. He was also the Duke of Joyeuse.
Biography
François Marie was born to Charles de LorraineCharles II, Duke of Elbeuf
Charles de Lorraine was a French nobleman, the son of Charles I of Lorraine, Duke of Elbeuf by his wife, Marguerite de Chabot. He succeeded his father in the Elbeuf dukedom in 1605.- Biography :He joined the French royal court in 1607, becoming a playmate to the future King Louis XIII...
, Duke of Elbeuf and his wife Catherine Henriette de Bourbon, Légitimée de France
Catherine Henriette de Bourbon
Catherine Henriette de Bourbon, Légitimée de France was an illegitimate daughter of King Henri IV and his long-term maîtresse en titre Gabrielle d'Estrées. She married into the Princely House of Guise.-Early years:...
, legitimised daughter of Henry IV of France
Henry IV of France
Henry IV , Henri-Quatre, was King of France from 1589 to 1610 and King of Navarre from 1572 to 1610. He was the first monarch of the Bourbon branch of the Capetian dynasty in France....
and Gabrielle d'Estrées
Gabrielle d'Estrées
Gabrielle d'Estrées, Duchess of Beaufort and Verneuil, Marchioness of Monceaux was a French mistress of King Henry IV of France, born at either the Château de la Bourdaisière in Montlouis-sur-Loire, in Touraine, or at the château de Cœuvres, in Picardy....
. He was the couple's fourth and youngest son. In his youth, he was styled as the Count of Lillebonne, later styling himself as Prince. He was only sold the County of Lillebonne in 1692 by his nephew Henri, Duke of Elbeuf
Henri, Duke of Elbeuf
Henri de Lorraine was the Duke of Elbeuf and member of the House of Lorraine. He succeeded his father Charles de Lorraine to the Duchy-Peerage of Elbeuf...
who had recently lost his father Charles de Lorraine
Charles III, Duke of Elbeuf
Charles de Lorraine was the third Duke of Elbeuf and member of the House of Lorraine. He succeeded his father Charles II, Duke of Elbeuf, to the Duchy-Peerage of Elbeuf. His mother was an illegitimate daughter of Henry IV of France and Gabrielle d'Estrées...
.
A member of the House of Guise founded by Claude, Duke of Guise
Claude, Duke of Guise
Claude de Lorraine, duc de Guise was a French aristocrat and general. He became the first Duke of Guise in 1528....
, he was a Prince of Lorraine as a male line descendant of René II, Duke of Lorraine
René II, Duke of Lorraine
René II was Count of Vaudémont from 1470, Duke of Lorraine from 1473, and Duke of Bar from 1483 to 1508. He claimed the crown of the Kingdom of Naples and the County of Provence as the Duke of Calabria 1480–1493 and as King of Naples and Jerusalem 1493–1508...
. At court, he, like members of his Lorraine family, held the rank of Foreign Prince
Foreign Prince
Foreign Prince is the English translation of prince étranger, a high, though somewhat ambiguous, rank at the French royal court of the ancien régime.-Terminology:...
, a rank which was below that of the immediate Royal Family
Fils de France
Fils de France was the style and rank held by the sons of the kings and dauphins of France. A daughter was known as a fille de France .The children of the dauphin, who was the king's heir apparent, were accorded the same style and status as if they were the king's children instead of his...
and Princes of the Blood
Prince du Sang
A prince of the blood was a person who was legitimately descended in the male line from the monarch of a country. In France, the rank of prince du sang was the highest held at court after the immediate family of the king during the ancien régime and the Bourbon Restoration...
.
His paternal first cousins included the Chevalier de Lorraine
Chevalier de Lorraine
Philippe of Lorraine, called the Chevalier de Lorraine was a French noble man and member of the House of Guise, cadet of the Ducal house of Lorraine. He was the renowned lover of Philippe de France, Monsieur, brother of Louis XIV.-Biography:Philippe de Lorraine was the second son of the Count and...
(lover of Philippe I, Duke of Orléans
Philippe I, Duke of Orléans
Philippe of France was the youngest son of Louis XIII of France and his queen consort Anne of Austria. His older brother was the famous Louis XIV, le roi soleil. Styled Duke of Anjou from birth, Philippe became Duke of Orléans upon the death of his uncle Gaston, Duke of Orléans...
) and the Count of Armagnac
Louis, Count of Armagnac
Louis of Lorraine was the Count of Armagnac from his father's death in 1666. The Grand Squire of France, he was a member of a cadet branch of the House of Guise, itself a cadet branch of the sovereign House of Lorraine...
; his maternal cousins included Louis XIV of France
Louis XIV of France
Louis XIV , known as Louis the Great or the Sun King , was a Bourbon monarch who ruled as King of France and Navarre. His reign, from 1643 to his death in 1715, began at the age of four and lasted seventy-two years, three months, and eighteen days...
and the above-mentioned Duke of Orléans.
He was a captain of cavalry in a regiment of Cardinal Mazarin. He served in the Thirty Years War taking part in the Siege of Lleida
Siege of Lleida (1644)
Siege of Lleida took place between 13 May - 30 July 1644 during the Catalan Revolt when a Spanish force under Felipe da Silva besieged and attacked the Franco-Catalan garrison of the town of Lleida - after intense fighting the town finally surrendered on 30 July.Philippe de La Mothe-Houdancourt,...
in 1644 and, the following year in the Battle of Nördlingen
Battle of Nördlingen (1645)
The second Battle of Nördlingen was fought on August 3, 1645 southeast of Nördlingen near the village of Alerheim...
in which he was injured (his brother Charles III, Duke of Elbeuf
Charles III, Duke of Elbeuf
Charles de Lorraine was the third Duke of Elbeuf and member of the House of Lorraine. He succeeded his father Charles II, Duke of Elbeuf, to the Duchy-Peerage of Elbeuf. His mother was an illegitimate daughter of Henry IV of France and Gabrielle d'Estrées...
also served in this battle). A good military man, he later fought against Spain prior to the marriage between Louis XIV and Maria Teresa of Austria
Maria Theresa of Spain
Maria Theresa of Austria was the daughter of Philip IV, King of Spain and Elizabeth of France. Maria Theresa was Queen of France as wife of King Louis XIV and mother of the Grand Dauphin, an ancestor of the last four Bourbon kings of France.-Early life:Born as Infanta María Teresa of Spain at the...
, which cemented peace between the two nations.
He married twice, first on 3 September 1658 to Christine d'Estrées, daughter of François Annibal d'Estrées
François Annibal d'Estrées
François-Annibal d'Estrées, duc d'Estrées was a French diplomat, military and Marshal of France.-Life:François-Annibal was the son of Antoine d'Estrées and brother of Gabrielle d'Estrées, the lover of Henry IV of France...
. The couple had no issue. Christine died in December 1658 having had no children. He married again on 7 October 1660, this time his cousin Anne de Lorraine, daughter of Charles IV, Duke of Lorraine
Charles IV, Duke of Lorraine
Charles IV was Duke of Lorraine from 1624 to 1634, when he abdicated under French pressure in favor of his younger brother, and again from 1661 until 1675.- Biography :...
. As a wedding gift, the Duke of Lorraine gave his daughter the Hôtel de Beauvau later renamed the Hôtel de Lillebonne, in (Nancy). They were married at the Abbaye Saint-Pierre de Montmartre
Saint Pierre de Montmartre
The Church of Saint Peter of Montmartre is the lesser known of the two main churches on Montmartre in Paris, the other being the 19th-century Sacré-Cœur Basilica...
.
His brother in law was Charles Henri de Lorraine, prince de Vaudémont, son of Charles IV, Duke of Lorraine
Charles IV, Duke of Lorraine
Charles IV was Duke of Lorraine from 1624 to 1634, when he abdicated under French pressure in favor of his younger brother, and again from 1661 until 1675.- Biography :...
and his secret spouse, Béatrix de Cusance.
His eldest son, the Prince of Commercy, died in battle in 1702; his eldest daughter, Béatrice Hiéronyme, was the Abbess
Abbess
An abbess is the female superior, or mother superior, of a community of nuns, often an abbey....
of the prestigious abbey at Remiremont Abbey
Remiremont Abbey
Remiremont Abbey was a Benedictine abbey near Remiremont, Vosges, France.-History:It was founded about 620 by Romaric, a lord at the court of Chlothar II, who, having been converted by Saint Ame, a monk of Luxeuil, took the habit at Luxeuil...
. His other surviving daughter, Élisabeth, married the Prince of Epinoy; Élisabeth was the mother of Anne Julie Adélaïde de Melun, wife of Charles de Rohan and ancestress of a princesse de Condé
Charlotte Élisabeth Godefride de Rohan
Charlotte de Rohan was a French aristocrat who married into the House of Condé, a cadet branch of the ruling House of Bourbon, during the Ancien Régime. She was Princess of Condé by her marriage...
princesse de Guéméné
Victoire Armande Josèphe de Rohan
Victoire de Rohan, Princess of Guéméné was a French aristocrat who was the governess of the children of Louis XVI of France. She is known better as Madame de Guéméné...
and duc d'Enghien, who was executed in the moat of the Château de Vincennes
Château de Vincennes
The Château de Vincennes is a massive 14th and 17th century French royal castle in the town of Vincennes, to the east of Paris, now a suburb of the metropolis.-History:...
in March 1804.
François Marie de Lorraine died in Paris at the age of sixty-nine, his wife outliving him by twenty-six years.
Issue
- Charles François de Lorraine, Prince of Commercy (11 July 1661–15 August 1702) never married, died during the Battle of LuzzaraBattle of LuzzaraThe Battle of Luzzara was a battle of the War of the Spanish Succession, which was fought on 15 August 1702 near Luzzara, Italy.-Prelude:In the summer of 1702, after taking Guastalla, the French under Louis Joseph, duc de Vendôme turned north, with the intention to besiege Borgoforte...
in Cremona; - Béatrice Hiéronyme de LorraineBéatrice Hiéronyme de LorraineBéatrice Hiéronyme de Lorraine was a member of the House of Lorraine and was the Abbess of Remiremont. She was a member of the household of Le Grand Dauphin and was the supposed wife of her cousin the Chevalier de Lorraine...
, Mademoiselle de Lillebonne, Abbess of Remiremont (1 July 1662–9 February 1738) never married, no issue; - Thérèse de Lorraine (12 May 1663–17 September 1671) died in childhood;
- Marie Françoise de Lorraine (28 May 1666–10 May 1669) died in childhood;
- Élisabeth Thérèse de Lorraine, Mademoiselle de Commercy (5 April 1664–7 March 1748) married Louis de Melun, parents of Louis de Melun, Prince of EpinoyLouis, Duke of Joyeuse (1694–1724)Louis de Melun, Duke of Joyeuse was a French noble man. He was the Prince of Epinoy, Baron then Duke of Joyeuse and Peer of France, Baron of Cysoing, Antoing and Wiers, Earl of Saint-Pol, Viscount of Gand, châtelain de Bapaume, Lord of Villemareuil, of Vaucourtois and of...
and Anne Julie de MelunAnne Julie de MelunAnne Julie de Melun was a French noblewoman and mother of Charles de Rohan, the famous general of Louis XV as well as Madame de Marsan. She died of smallpox in her twenties.-Biography:...
, princesse de Soubise; - Sebastienne de Lorraine (19 April 1667–15 August 1669) died in infancy;
- Jeanne Françoise de Lorraine (6 September 1668–1680) died in childhood;
- Henri Louis de Lorraine (26 October 1669–17 March 1670) died in infancy;
- Jean Paul de Lorraine (10 June 1672–29 July 1693) died in the Battle of LandenBattle of LandenThe Battle of Landen , in the current Belgian province of Flemish Brabant, was a battle in the Nine Years' War, fought in present-day Belgium on 29 July 1693 between the French army of Marshal Luxembourg and the Allied army of King William III of England...
, no issue.
Ancestry
Source
- Georges Poull, La maison ducale de Lorraine, 1991