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Fluphenazine (marketed as Prolixin) is a typical antipsychotic
Typical antipsychotic

Typical antipsychotics are a class of antipsychotic drugs first developed in the 1950s and used to treat psychosis , and are generally being replaced by atypical antipsychotic drugs....
 drug
Medication

A pharmaceutical drug, also referred to as medicine or medicament, can be loosely defined as any substance intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease....
 used for the treatment of psychoses
Psychosis

Psychosis , with adjective psychotic, literally means abnormal condition of the mind, and is a generic psychiatry term for a mental state often described as involving a "loss of contact with reality"....
 such as schizophrenia
Schizophrenia

Schizophrenia , from the Ancient Greek Root schizein and phren, phren- is a psychiatry diagnosis that describes a mental disorder characterized by abnormalities in the perception or expression of reality....
 and acute manic
Manic

Manic is a List of Belgrade neighborhoods of Belgrade, the capital of Serbia. It is located in the municipality of Barajevo.Manic developed on the eastern slopes of the Kosmaj mountain....
 phases of bipolar disorder
Bipolar disorder

Bipolar disorder is a Classification of mental disorders that describes a category of mood disorders, or mood swings, defined by the presence of one or more episodes of abnormally elevated mood clinically referred to as mania or, if milder, hypomania....
. It belongs to the piperazine
Piperazine

Piperazine is an organic compound that consists of a six-membered ring containing two opposing nitrogen atoms. Piperazine exists as small alkaline deliquescent crystals with a salt taste....
 class of phenothiazine
Phenothiazine

Phenothiazine is the organic compound with the formula S2NH. This yellow tricyclic compound is soluble in acetic acid, benzene, and ether....
s and is extremely potent; more potent than haloperidol
Haloperidol

Haloperidol is a typical antipsychotic. It is in the butyrophenone class of antipsychotic medications and has pharmacology similar to the phenothiazines....
 and around fifty to seventy times the potency of chlorpromazine
Chlorpromazine

Chlorpromazine is a phenothiazine antipsychotic, and the oldest in the antipsychotic family of drugs. It is a typical antipsychotic. It is principally used in the treatment of schizophrenia, though it has also been used to treat severe manic episodes in people with bipolar disorder....
.

Its main use is as a long acting injection given once every two or three weeks to people with schizophrenia
Schizophrenia

Schizophrenia , from the Ancient Greek Root schizein and phren, phren- is a psychiatry diagnosis that describes a mental disorder characterized by abnormalities in the perception or expression of reality....
 who have a poor compliance with medication and suffer frequent relapses of illness.






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Fluphenazine (marketed as Prolixin) is a typical antipsychotic
Typical antipsychotic

Typical antipsychotics are a class of antipsychotic drugs first developed in the 1950s and used to treat psychosis , and are generally being replaced by atypical antipsychotic drugs....
 drug
Medication

A pharmaceutical drug, also referred to as medicine or medicament, can be loosely defined as any substance intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease....
 used for the treatment of psychoses
Psychosis

Psychosis , with adjective psychotic, literally means abnormal condition of the mind, and is a generic psychiatry term for a mental state often described as involving a "loss of contact with reality"....
 such as schizophrenia
Schizophrenia

Schizophrenia , from the Ancient Greek Root schizein and phren, phren- is a psychiatry diagnosis that describes a mental disorder characterized by abnormalities in the perception or expression of reality....
 and acute manic
Manic

Manic is a List of Belgrade neighborhoods of Belgrade, the capital of Serbia. It is located in the municipality of Barajevo.Manic developed on the eastern slopes of the Kosmaj mountain....
 phases of bipolar disorder
Bipolar disorder

Bipolar disorder is a Classification of mental disorders that describes a category of mood disorders, or mood swings, defined by the presence of one or more episodes of abnormally elevated mood clinically referred to as mania or, if milder, hypomania....
. It belongs to the piperazine
Piperazine

Piperazine is an organic compound that consists of a six-membered ring containing two opposing nitrogen atoms. Piperazine exists as small alkaline deliquescent crystals with a salt taste....
 class of phenothiazine
Phenothiazine

Phenothiazine is the organic compound with the formula S2NH. This yellow tricyclic compound is soluble in acetic acid, benzene, and ether....
s and is extremely potent; more potent than haloperidol
Haloperidol

Haloperidol is a typical antipsychotic. It is in the butyrophenone class of antipsychotic medications and has pharmacology similar to the phenothiazines....
 and around fifty to seventy times the potency of chlorpromazine
Chlorpromazine

Chlorpromazine is a phenothiazine antipsychotic, and the oldest in the antipsychotic family of drugs. It is a typical antipsychotic. It is principally used in the treatment of schizophrenia, though it has also been used to treat severe manic episodes in people with bipolar disorder....
.

Its main use is as a long acting injection given once every two or three weeks to people with schizophrenia
Schizophrenia

Schizophrenia , from the Ancient Greek Root schizein and phren, phren- is a psychiatry diagnosis that describes a mental disorder characterized by abnormalities in the perception or expression of reality....
 who have a poor compliance with medication and suffer frequent relapses of illness. In some countries this can be involuntary under Community Treatment Orders. Its side effect profile is similar to haloperidol
Haloperidol

Haloperidol is a typical antipsychotic. It is in the butyrophenone class of antipsychotic medications and has pharmacology similar to the phenothiazines....
, namely predominantly dopamine
Dopamine

Dopamine is a neurotransmitter occurring in a wide variety of animals, including both vertebrates and invertebrates. In the human brain, this phenethylamine functions as a neurotransmitter, activating the five types of dopamine receptors ? D1, D2, D3, D4 and D5, and their variants....
-blocking effects which give rise to akathisia
Akathisia

Akathisia, or acathisia, is a syndrome characterized by unpleasant sensations of "inner" restlessness that manifests itself with an inability to sit still or remain motionless, hence its origin in Ancient Greek a , [without, not] + ????s?? , [sitting]....
, parkinsonism
Parkinsonism

Parkinsonism is a neurological syndrome characterized by tremor, hypokinesia, spasticity, and balance disorder. The underlying causes of parkinsonism are numerous, and diagnosis can be complex....
 and tremor. Long term side effects include the potentially irreversible tardive dyskinesia
Tardive dyskinesia

Tardive dyskinesia is a variety of Dyskinesia manifesting as a side effect of long-term or high-dose use of dopamine antagonists, usually antipsychotics....
 and the potentially fatal neuroleptic malignant syndrome
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome is a life-threatening neurological disorder most often caused by an adverse reaction to antipsychotic. It generally presents with muscle rigidity, fever, autonomic instability and cognitive changes such as delirium, and is associated with elevated creatine phosphokinase ....
.

Brand names

Fluphenazine decanoate Modecate, Prolixin Decanoate, Dapotum D, Anatensol, Fludecate, Sinqualone Deconoate
Fluphenazine enanthate Dapotum Injektion, Flunanthate, Moditen Enanthate Injection, Sinqualone Enanthate
Fluphenazine hydrochloride
Hydrochloride

In chemistry, hydrochlorides are salt s resulting, or regarded as resulting, from the reaction of hydrochloric acid with an organic Base . This is also known as muriate, derived from hydrochloric acid's other name: muriatic acid....
 		 Prolixin, Permitil, Dapotum, Lyogen, Moditen, Omca, Sediten, Selecten, Sevinol, Sinqualone, Trancin


Pharmacokinetics

Fluphenazine has an incomplete oral bioavailability of 40% to 50% (due to extensive first pass metabolization in the liver). Its half life is 15 to 30 hours.

Dosing

12.5 mg of fluphenazine
Fluphenazine

Fluphenazine is a typical antipsychotic medication used for the treatment of psychosis such as schizophrenia and acute manic phases of bipolar disorder....
 decanoate is roughly equivalent to 100 mg of zuclopenthixol
Zuclopenthixol

Zuclopenthixol is a typical antipsychotic neuroleptic drug of the thioxanthene group. It mainly acts by Receptor antagonist of D1 and D2 dopamine dopamine receptor, though it also has some antihistamine activity....
 decanoate or 20 mg of flupentixol
Flupentixol

Flupentixol or flupenthixol , marketed as Depixol and Fluanxol, is a typical antipsychotic drug. It is a thioxanthene, and therefore closely related to the phenothiazines....
 decanoate.

Side effects


Notable side effects include akathisia
Akathisia

Akathisia, or acathisia, is a syndrome characterized by unpleasant sensations of "inner" restlessness that manifests itself with an inability to sit still or remain motionless, hence its origin in Ancient Greek a , [without, not] + ????s?? , [sitting]....
, extrapyramidal side effects, including tardive dyskinesia
Tardive dyskinesia

Tardive dyskinesia is a variety of Dyskinesia manifesting as a side effect of long-term or high-dose use of dopamine antagonists, usually antipsychotics....
. The frequency and severity of extrapyramidal side effects are direct proportional to the dose given and the duration of treatment.

Sedative, allergic-toxic and anticholinergic
Anticholinergic

An anticholinergic agent is a substance that blocks the neurotransmitter acetylcholine in the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system....
/sympatholytic side effects are less likely to occur compared with chlorpromazine
Chlorpromazine

Chlorpromazine is a phenothiazine antipsychotic, and the oldest in the antipsychotic family of drugs. It is a typical antipsychotic. It is principally used in the treatment of schizophrenia, though it has also been used to treat severe manic episodes in people with bipolar disorder....
. The direct deposition of fluphenazine in the cornea
Cornea

The cornea is the transparency front part of the eye that covers the Iris , pupil, and anterior chamber. Together with the cilliary muscles, the cornea reflects light, and as a result helps the eye to dilate, accounting for approximately two-thirds of the eye's total optical power....
 and retina
Retina

The vertebrate retina is a light sensitive tissue lining the inner surface of the eye. The optics of the eye create an image of the visual world on the retina, which serves much the same function as the film in a camera....
 has so far not been reported.

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome is a life-threatening neurological disorder most often caused by an adverse reaction to antipsychotic. It generally presents with muscle rigidity, fever, autonomic instability and cognitive changes such as delirium, and is associated with elevated creatine phosphokinase ....
, although rare, is a potentially lethal side effect of all antipsychotics.

Notable people who have used Prolixin

  • Root Boy Slim
    Root Boy Slim

    Root Boy Slim [] Asheville, North Carolina; was an American singer-songwriter who attended Yale University, and afterward settled in the suburbs of Washington, D.C., gaining fame as the frontman for the band "Root Boy Slim and the Sex Change Band"....
     aka Foster MacKenzie III (1945-1993), blues musician.