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Flupentixol (INN
International Nonproprietary Name

An International Nonproprietary Name is the official non-proprietary or generic name given to a pharmaceutical substance, as designated by the World Health Organization ....
) or flupenthixol (former BAN
British Approved Name

A British Approved Name is the official non-proprietary or generic name given to a pharmaceutical substance, as defined in the British Pharmacopoeia....
), marketed as Depixol and Fluanxol, is a typical antipsychotic
Typical antipsychotic

Typical antipsychotics are a class of antipsychotic drugs first developed in the 1950s and used to treat psychosis , and are generally being replaced by atypical antipsychotic drugs....
 drug
Drug

A drug, broadly speaking, is any chemical substance that, when absorbed into the body of a living organism, alters normal bodily function....
. It is a thioxanthene
Thioxanthene

Thioxanthene is a molecule in which the oxygen atom in xanthene is replaced with a sulfur atom. Various thioxanthene derivatives are used in the treatment of schizophrenia and psychosis....
, and therefore closely related to the phenothiazine
Phenothiazine

Phenothiazine is the organic compound with the formula S2NH. This yellow tricyclic compound is soluble in acetic acid, benzene, and ether....
s. This drug combines piperazine
Piperazine

Piperazine is an organic compound that consists of a six-membered ring containing two opposing nitrogen atoms. Piperazine exists as small alkaline deliquescent crystals with a salt taste....
 with the chemical thioxanthene
Thioxanthene

Thioxanthene is a molecule in which the oxygen atom in xanthene is replaced with a sulfur atom. Various thioxanthene derivatives are used in the treatment of schizophrenia and psychosis....
 with three fluorine
Fluorine

Fluorine is the chemical element with the symbol F and atomic number 9. Fluorine forms a single bond with itself in elemental form, resulting in the diatomic F2 molecule....
 atoms molecularly bonded to it.

Its main use is as a long acting injection given two or three weekly to people with schizophrenia
Schizophrenia

Schizophrenia , from the Ancient Greek Root schizein and phren, phren- is a psychiatry diagnosis that describes a mental disorder characterized by abnormalities in the perception or expression of reality....
 who have a poor compliance with medication and suffer frequent relapses of illness.






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Flupentixol (INN
International Nonproprietary Name

An International Nonproprietary Name is the official non-proprietary or generic name given to a pharmaceutical substance, as designated by the World Health Organization ....
) or flupenthixol (former BAN
British Approved Name

A British Approved Name is the official non-proprietary or generic name given to a pharmaceutical substance, as defined in the British Pharmacopoeia....
), marketed as Depixol and Fluanxol, is a typical antipsychotic
Typical antipsychotic

Typical antipsychotics are a class of antipsychotic drugs first developed in the 1950s and used to treat psychosis , and are generally being replaced by atypical antipsychotic drugs....
 drug
Drug

A drug, broadly speaking, is any chemical substance that, when absorbed into the body of a living organism, alters normal bodily function....
. It is a thioxanthene
Thioxanthene

Thioxanthene is a molecule in which the oxygen atom in xanthene is replaced with a sulfur atom. Various thioxanthene derivatives are used in the treatment of schizophrenia and psychosis....
, and therefore closely related to the phenothiazine
Phenothiazine

Phenothiazine is the organic compound with the formula S2NH. This yellow tricyclic compound is soluble in acetic acid, benzene, and ether....
s. This drug combines piperazine
Piperazine

Piperazine is an organic compound that consists of a six-membered ring containing two opposing nitrogen atoms. Piperazine exists as small alkaline deliquescent crystals with a salt taste....
 with the chemical thioxanthene
Thioxanthene

Thioxanthene is a molecule in which the oxygen atom in xanthene is replaced with a sulfur atom. Various thioxanthene derivatives are used in the treatment of schizophrenia and psychosis....
 with three fluorine
Fluorine

Fluorine is the chemical element with the symbol F and atomic number 9. Fluorine forms a single bond with itself in elemental form, resulting in the diatomic F2 molecule....
 atoms molecularly bonded to it.

Its main use is as a long acting injection given two or three weekly to people with schizophrenia
Schizophrenia

Schizophrenia , from the Ancient Greek Root schizein and phren, phren- is a psychiatry diagnosis that describes a mental disorder characterized by abnormalities in the perception or expression of reality....
 who have a poor compliance with medication and suffer frequent relapses of illness. In some countries this can be involuntary under Community Treatment Orders.

Mode of action


Flupenthixol is a type of thioxanthene
Thioxanthene

Thioxanthene is a molecule in which the oxygen atom in xanthene is replaced with a sulfur atom. Various thioxanthene derivatives are used in the treatment of schizophrenia and psychosis....
 drug and acts by antagonism
Receptor antagonist

A receptor antagonist is a type of receptor ligand or drug that does not provoke a biological response itself upon binding to a Receptor , but blocks or dampens agonist-mediated responses....
 of D1 and D2 dopamine
Dopamine

Dopamine is a neurotransmitter occurring in a wide variety of animals, including both vertebrates and invertebrates. In the human brain, this phenethylamine functions as a neurotransmitter, activating the five types of dopamine receptors ? D1, D2, D3, D4 and D5, and their variants....
 receptors (as well as serotonin
Serotonin

Serotonin is a monoamine neurotransmitter synthesized in serotonergic neurons in the central nervous system and enterochromaffin cells in the gastrointestinal tract of animals including humans....
). Side effects are similar to many other typical antipsychotics, namely extrapyramidal symptoms of akathisia
Akathisia

Akathisia, or acathisia, is a syndrome characterized by unpleasant sensations of "inner" restlessness that manifests itself with an inability to sit still or remain motionless, hence its origin in Ancient Greek a , [without, not] + ????s?? , [sitting]....
, parkinsonian tremor and rigidity. However, anticholinergic adverse effects are low.

The typical antipsychotics are less commonly used now that the atypical antipsychotic
Atypical antipsychotic

The atypical antipsychotics are a group of antipsychotic drugs used to treat psychiatric conditions. Some atypical antipsychotics are Food and Drug Administration approved for use in the treatment of schizophrenia....
s are available (with less side effects). However flupentixol decanoate ester
Ester

An ester is an often Aroma compound organic chemistry or partially organic compound formed by the reaction between an acid and an alcohol or aromatic alcohol with the elimination of water....
 is useful in patients who are likely to be non-compliant
Compliance (medicine)

Compliance is a medical term that is used to indicate a patient's correct following of medical advice. Most commonly it is a patient taking medication , but may also apply to use of surgical appliances such as compression stockings, chronic wound care, self-directed physiotherapy exercises, or attending counselling or other courses of therap...
. This formulation is given as an intramuscular depot injection lasting up to 3 weeks from a single injection. Tablets in strength of 0.5mg, 1 mg and 3 mg are also available. This drug is also used for depression in low dosages.