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Dioecious - from Greek
Greek language

Greek is an Indo-European languages native to the southern Balkan peninsula, the language of the Greek people. It forms an independent branch within Indo-European....
 for "two households" - refers to species of seed-bearing plants (spermatophyte
Spermatophyte

The spermatophytes comprise those plants that produce seeds. They are a subset of the embryophytes or land plants. The living spermatophytes form five groups:...
s) having separate male and female plants. That is, no individual plant of the species produces both microspore
Microspore

In biology, a microspore is a small spore as contrasted to the larger megaspore. This combination is found only in heterosperous organisms....
s and megaspore
Megaspore

Megaspores, also called macrospores, are a type of spores that is present in heterosporous plants. These types of plants have two spore types, megaspores and microspores....
s; individual plants are either male (producing microspores) or female (producing megaspores). Individual plants are not called dioecious; they are either gynoecious
Gynoecium

A gynoecium is the female reproductive part of a flower. The male counterpart is called an androecium. A gynoecium is composed of one or more pistils....
 (female plants) or androecious (male plants).






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Dioecious - from Greek
Greek language

Greek is an Indo-European languages native to the southern Balkan peninsula, the language of the Greek people. It forms an independent branch within Indo-European....
 for "two households" - refers to species of seed-bearing plants (spermatophyte
Spermatophyte

The spermatophytes comprise those plants that produce seeds. They are a subset of the embryophytes or land plants. The living spermatophytes form five groups:...
s) having separate male and female plants. That is, no individual plant of the species produces both microspore
Microspore

In biology, a microspore is a small spore as contrasted to the larger megaspore. This combination is found only in heterosperous organisms....
s and megaspore
Megaspore

Megaspores, also called macrospores, are a type of spores that is present in heterosporous plants. These types of plants have two spore types, megaspores and microspores....
s; individual plants are either male (producing microspores) or female (producing megaspores). Individual plants are not called dioecious; they are either gynoecious
Gynoecium

A gynoecium is the female reproductive part of a flower. The male counterpart is called an androecium. A gynoecium is composed of one or more pistils....
 (female plants) or androecious (male plants). A few plant families are exclusively dioecious, such as the willow
Willow

Willows, sallows, and osiers form the genus Salix, around 400 species of deciduous trees and shrubs, found primarily on moist soils in cold and temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere....
 family, Salicaceae
Salicaceae

Salicaceae is a family of flowering plants. Recent genetics studies by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group has greatly expanded the circumscription of the family to contain 57 genera....
. Dioecious species cannot self-fertilize. In most of the dioecious species the male plant is of heterogametic sex XY and the female plant is of homogametic sex
Homogametic sex

Homogametic sex refers to the sex of a species in which both sex chromosomes are identical. For example, in humans, females having two X sex chromosomes would be referred to as the homogametic sex while males, with an X and a Y sex chromosome, would be referred to as the heterogametic sex....
 XX. Exceptions where the male plants are of homogametic sex are Potentilla fruticosa and species of Cotula
Cotula

Cotula is a genus of flowering plant in the Asteraceae family. It includes about 80 species of plants known generally as water buttons or buttonweeds....
.

See also

  • Plant sexuality
    Plant sexuality

    Plant sexuality covers the wide variety of sexual reproduction systems found across the plant kingdom. This article describes Morphology aspects of sexual reproduction of plants....