Dick Thornburgh
Encyclopedia
Richard Lewis "Dick" Thornburgh (born July 16, 1932) is an American lawyer
and Republican politician who served as the 41st Governor of Pennsylvania from 1979 to 1987, and then as the U.S. Attorney General from 1988 to 1991.
, Thornburgh attended Mercersburg Academy
and later majored in engineering at Yale University
, graduating in 1954. He later earned a law degree from the University of Pittsburgh School of Law
in 1957, and joined the law firm of Kirkpatrick & Lockhart
a year later.
Thornburgh married Ginny Hooton and they had three children together. Ginny Hooton Thornburgh was killed in an automobile accident that also injured all three of their children. Their youngest son Peter was left disabled due to brain damage. Three years later, Thornburgh married his second wife, the former Ginny Judson, who adopted his three sons. The couple had a fourth child together. Ginny Judson Thornburgh later became an international advocate for people with disabilities. Mrs. Thornburgh was a vocal advocate for the 1990 Americans with Disabilities Act, which was signed into law while her husband was a member of George H.W. Bush's cabinet. Mrs. Thornburgh continues her work running the Interfaith Initiative program at the American Association of People with Disabilities (AAPD).
in 1966, Thornburgh served as a delegate to the 1967-1968 Pennsylvania Constitutional Convention. In 1969 President of the United States
Richard Nixon
appointed Thornburgh as the U.S. Attorney for the Western District of Pennsylvania, where he earned a reputation as being tough on organized crime
. In 1975, President Gerald Ford
tapped him to serve as the Assistant Attorney General
for the Justice Department's
Criminal Division. After two years at that post, Thornburgh returned to private practice.
In 1978
, Thornburgh launched a campaign for governor of Pennsylvania. He won the primary over three other contenders, including Arlen Specter
, who had become well-known as a former Democrat who switched parties and was elected the Philadelphia County district attorney in 1965 and the more conservative David W. Marston
, a former U.S. attorney in Philadelphia, who was controversially dismissed in 1978 by the Jimmy Carter
administration after Marston launched prosecution of two Democratic congressmen and two Democratic state legislators.
Despite a Democratic majority in the commonwealth
, he and running mate Bill Scranton (whose father served as governor in the 1960s) defeated Pittsburgh mayor Pete Flaherty
. The victory was attributed to Thornburgh's campaign promises to crack down on government corruption, at a time when 230 state officials were convicted of corruption. Thornburgh and Scranton were reelected in 1982
. However, Scranton failed to win the governorship on his own in 1986
.
In what was likely the biggest event during his gubernatorial career, Thornburgh oversaw emergency response efforts to the partial meltdown at the Three Mile Island
nuclear power plant near Harrisburg
in 1979. To quell public fears, he ordered a partial evacuation of the area, and 140,000 people left the region during the crisis. He was also partly responsible for overseeing cleanup efforts.
Throughout the 1980s, Thornburgh attempted to balance the commonwealth's budget through conservative fiscal policies. Though successful, he was criticized by organized labor for eliminating 15,000 state jobs. Thornburgh's policies lead to the severe downsizing of SEPTA's commuter railroad by eliminating all train service outside of the Philadelphia suburbs. Over 150 miles of service was lost to major cities like Reading
, Allentown
, Bethlehem
and Pottsville
(as of 2011, these services have yet to be reinstated).
Thornburgh was also responsible for consolidating all of Pennsylvania's state-owned colleges and universities into the Pennsylvania State System of Higher Education
. He also created the Governor's Schools
, which were summer programs for talented and gifted high school students.
In January 1987, Governor Thornburgh was made an honorary Pennsylvania State Police Trooper
and this honor was presented to him upon the graduation of the 64th Pennsylvania State Police Academy Class at Hershey Pennsylvania.
After leaving office in 1987, Thornburgh served as director of the Institute of Politics at the John F. Kennedy School of Government
at Harvard University
.
appointed Thornburgh as the United States Attorney General
and he was retained in office after President George H. W. Bush
was sworn into office in January 1989. His main priorities were to crack down on drug trafficking and white-collar crime
. Thornburgh also oversaw prosecution against Exxon
in the aftermath of the Exxon Valdez oil spill
in Alaska. Thornburgh also authored the controversial Thornburgh Memo
, that attempted to define the ethical rules applicable to Department of Justice lawyers.
John Heinz was killed in a plane crash. Thornburgh was widely expected to win the seat; however, he was defeated in a surprise upset by Democrat Harris Wofford
, who had been the interim appointee to that seat. Thornburgh then served as undersecretary general to the United Nations
from 1992 to 1993.
In 1993, Thornburgh's campaign committee was sued in federal court by Karl Rove
, at the time President of Karl Rove & Co, an Austin-based company. Rove won the case and collected $180,000 from the Thornburgh committee. Karl Rove & Co v. Thornburgh was heard by Judge Sam Sparks
who had been appointed by President George H.W. Bush in 1991.
appointed him as an examiner in the WorldCom bankruptcy proceedings. His report to the court included damning criticism of Arthur Andersen
, WorldCom's accounting firm, and banking giant Citigroup
. The report concluded that the two companies aided WorldCom executives in committing fraud
.
In 2004, he was appointed to an independent panel set up by CBS
to investigate the so-called Memogate controversy. In October 2005 he was hired to represent controversial Democratic Pennsylvania politician and nationally renowned forensic pathologist Dr. Cyril Wecht
, who was then serving as Coroner of Allegheny County. Wecht was later indicted
on January 20, 2006 on 84 counts of corruption while in office. Wecht's trial began in Pittsburgh in January 2008. Thornburgh appeared as Wecht's attorney before the trial and sat in on the trial proceedings but was not among the attorneys physically arguing the case in the courtroom. Closing arguments occurred in March 2008.
Thornburgh appeared in an interview on an episode of Da Ali G Show
entitled "The Law" in which Ali G asks several questions about legal issues. Thornburgh appears extremely amiable throughout the interview and never talks condescendingly towards Ali (as is often the case with Ali's guests).
Thornburgh authored "The Future of Puerto Rico
: A Time for Change" in 2007, in which he calls for immediate change in the island's territorial/commonwealth status. He describes it as a vestige of colonialism. He concedes, however, that change is difficult because equal segments of Puerto Ricans desire statehood or continuation of the status quo. The book is based in part on ongoing research he has done regarding Puerto Rico's vexing political status problem since he testified as Attorney General on behalf of the first Bush administration on the issue before the Energy and Natural Resources Committee Committee of the United States Senate in 1991 and for an amicus curiae
brief he filed in a Puerto Rico voting rights case before the U.S. Court of Appeals for the First Circuit
.
Lawyer
A lawyer, according to Black's Law Dictionary, is "a person learned in the law; as an attorney, counsel or solicitor; a person who is practicing law." Law is the system of rules of conduct established by the sovereign government of a society to correct wrongs, maintain the stability of political...
and Republican politician who served as the 41st Governor of Pennsylvania from 1979 to 1987, and then as the U.S. Attorney General from 1988 to 1991.
Early life and family
Born in Pittsburgh, PennsylvaniaPittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Pittsburgh is the second-largest city in the US Commonwealth of Pennsylvania and the county seat of Allegheny County. Regionally, it anchors the largest urban area of Appalachia and the Ohio River Valley, and nationally, it is the 22nd-largest urban area in the United States...
, Thornburgh attended Mercersburg Academy
Mercersburg Academy
Mercersburg Academy is an independent, coeducational boarding school for grades 9-12 located in Mercersburg, Pennsylvania, United States. The school's mission is:...
and later majored in engineering at Yale University
Yale University
Yale University is a private, Ivy League university located in New Haven, Connecticut, United States. Founded in 1701 in the Colony of Connecticut, the university is the third-oldest institution of higher education in the United States...
, graduating in 1954. He later earned a law degree from the University of Pittsburgh School of Law
University of Pittsburgh School of Law
The University of Pittsburgh School of Law was founded in 1895, and became a charter member of the Association of American Law Schools in 1900...
in 1957, and joined the law firm of Kirkpatrick & Lockhart
Kirkpatrick & Lockhart
K&L Gates LLP is a United States law firm with over 1900 attorneys worldwide and is ranked as the 9th largest law firm in the United States by the National Law Journal and as the 11th largest among law firms worldwide by The American Lawyer...
a year later.
Thornburgh married Ginny Hooton and they had three children together. Ginny Hooton Thornburgh was killed in an automobile accident that also injured all three of their children. Their youngest son Peter was left disabled due to brain damage. Three years later, Thornburgh married his second wife, the former Ginny Judson, who adopted his three sons. The couple had a fourth child together. Ginny Judson Thornburgh later became an international advocate for people with disabilities. Mrs. Thornburgh was a vocal advocate for the 1990 Americans with Disabilities Act, which was signed into law while her husband was a member of George H.W. Bush's cabinet. Mrs. Thornburgh continues her work running the Interfaith Initiative program at the American Association of People with Disabilities (AAPD).
U.S. Attorney
Following a failed bid for the U.S. House of Representatives against William S. MoorheadWilliam S. Moorhead
William Singer Moorhead was a Democratic member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Pennsylvania.Moorhead was born in Pittsburgh, PA, the son of prominent attorney William Singer Moorhead, Sr...
in 1966, Thornburgh served as a delegate to the 1967-1968 Pennsylvania Constitutional Convention. In 1969 President of the United States
President of the United States
The President of the United States of America is the head of state and head of government of the United States. The president leads the executive branch of the federal government and is the commander-in-chief of the United States Armed Forces....
Richard Nixon
Richard Nixon
Richard Milhous Nixon was the 37th President of the United States, serving from 1969 to 1974. The only president to resign the office, Nixon had previously served as a US representative and senator from California and as the 36th Vice President of the United States from 1953 to 1961 under...
appointed Thornburgh as the U.S. Attorney for the Western District of Pennsylvania, where he earned a reputation as being tough on organized crime
Organized crime
Organized crime or criminal organizations are transnational, national, or local groupings of highly centralized enterprises run by criminals for the purpose of engaging in illegal activity, most commonly for monetary profit. Some criminal organizations, such as terrorist organizations, are...
. In 1975, President Gerald Ford
Gerald Ford
Gerald Rudolph "Jerry" Ford, Jr. was the 38th President of the United States, serving from 1974 to 1977, and the 40th Vice President of the United States serving from 1973 to 1974...
tapped him to serve as the Assistant Attorney General
United States Assistant Attorney General
Many of the divisions and offices of the United States Department of Justice are headed by an Assistant Attorney General.The President of the United States appoints individuals to the position of Assistant Attorney General with the advice and consent of the Senate...
for the Justice Department's
United States Department of Justice
The United States Department of Justice , is the United States federal executive department responsible for the enforcement of the law and administration of justice, equivalent to the justice or interior ministries of other countries.The Department is led by the Attorney General, who is nominated...
Criminal Division. After two years at that post, Thornburgh returned to private practice.
Governor of Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania gubernatorial election, 1978
The Pennsylvania gubernational election of 1978 was held on November 7, 1978 between Republican Dick Thornburgh and Democrat Pete Flaherty.The race began with a primary that slated an impressive field of candidates. Flaherty, the Mayor of Pittsburgh, bested State Auditor General Bob Casey, who had...
, Thornburgh launched a campaign for governor of Pennsylvania. He won the primary over three other contenders, including Arlen Specter
Arlen Specter
Arlen Specter is a former United States Senator from Pennsylvania. Specter is a Democrat, but was a Republican from 1965 until switching to the Democratic Party in 2009...
, who had become well-known as a former Democrat who switched parties and was elected the Philadelphia County district attorney in 1965 and the more conservative David W. Marston
David W. Marston
David Weese "Dave" Marston, Sr. , is a Philadelphia lawyer and author removed from his position as United States Attorney for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania in 1978 by U.S. President Jimmy Carter. Marston was an appointee of Carter's predecessor, Gerald R. Ford, Jr...
, a former U.S. attorney in Philadelphia, who was controversially dismissed in 1978 by the Jimmy Carter
Jimmy Carter
James Earl "Jimmy" Carter, Jr. is an American politician who served as the 39th President of the United States and was the recipient of the 2002 Nobel Peace Prize, the only U.S. President to have received the Prize after leaving office...
administration after Marston launched prosecution of two Democratic congressmen and two Democratic state legislators.
Despite a Democratic majority in the commonwealth
Commonwealth (United States)
Four of the constituent states of the United States officially designate themselves Commonwealths: Kentucky, Massachusetts, Pennsylvania and Virginia....
, he and running mate Bill Scranton (whose father served as governor in the 1960s) defeated Pittsburgh mayor Pete Flaherty
Peter F. Flaherty
Peter Francis "Pete" Flaherty was an American politician from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.He served as Assistant District Attorney of Allegheny County, Pennsylvania from 1957 to 1964; a City of Pittsburgh Councilman 1966 to 1970; Democratic mayor of Pittsburgh from 1970 to 1977; United States Deputy...
. The victory was attributed to Thornburgh's campaign promises to crack down on government corruption, at a time when 230 state officials were convicted of corruption. Thornburgh and Scranton were reelected in 1982
Pennsylvania gubernatorial election, 1982
The Pennsylvania gubernational election of 1982 was held on November 2, 1982 between incumbent Republican Dick Thornburgh and Democratic U.S. Congressman Allen E...
. However, Scranton failed to win the governorship on his own in 1986
Pennsylvania gubernatorial election, 1986
The Pennsylvania Gubernatorial election of 1986 was held on November 4, 1986. Democrat Bob Casey narrowly defeated Republican Bill Scranton III, in a race that featured two very high profile candidates....
.
In what was likely the biggest event during his gubernatorial career, Thornburgh oversaw emergency response efforts to the partial meltdown at the Three Mile Island
Three Mile Island accident
The Three Mile Island accident was a core meltdown in Unit 2 of the Three Mile Island Nuclear Generating Station in Dauphin County, Pennsylvania near Harrisburg, United States in 1979....
nuclear power plant near Harrisburg
Harrisburg, Pennsylvania
Harrisburg is the capital of Pennsylvania. As of the 2010 census, the city had a population of 49,528, making it the ninth largest city in Pennsylvania...
in 1979. To quell public fears, he ordered a partial evacuation of the area, and 140,000 people left the region during the crisis. He was also partly responsible for overseeing cleanup efforts.
Reading, Pennsylvania
Reading is a city in southeastern Pennsylvania, USA, and seat of Berks County. Reading is the principal city of the Greater Reading Area and had a population of 88,082 as of the 2010 census, making it the fifth most populated city in the state after Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Allentown and Erie,...
, Allentown
Allentown, Pennsylvania
Allentown is a city located in Lehigh County, Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is Pennsylvania's third most populous city, after Philadelphia and Pittsburgh, and the 215th largest city in the United States. As of the 2010 census, the city had a total population of 118,032 and is currently...
, Bethlehem
Bethlehem, Pennsylvania
Bethlehem is a city in Lehigh and Northampton Counties in the Lehigh Valley region of eastern Pennsylvania, in the United States. As of the 2010 census, the city had a total population of 74,982, making it the seventh largest city in Pennsylvania, after Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Allentown, Erie,...
and Pottsville
Pottsville, Pennsylvania
Pottsville is the only city in and the county seat of Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 15,549 at the 2000 census. The city lies along the west bank of the Schuylkill River, north-west of Philadelphia...
(as of 2011, these services have yet to be reinstated).
Thornburgh was also responsible for consolidating all of Pennsylvania's state-owned colleges and universities into the Pennsylvania State System of Higher Education
Pennsylvania State System of Higher Education
The Pennsylvania State System of Higher Education is the largest provider of higher education in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania and a large public university system in the United States. It is the tenth-largest university system in the United States and 43rd largest in the world...
. He also created the Governor's Schools
Pennsylvania Governor's Schools of Excellence
The Pennsylvania Governor's Schools of Excellence was a five-week, publicly funded summer program for gifted high school students.Pennsylvania Governor Ed Rendell cut funding for the PGSE program in the state's 2009-2010 budget...
, which were summer programs for talented and gifted high school students.
In January 1987, Governor Thornburgh was made an honorary Pennsylvania State Police Trooper
Pennsylvania State Police
The Pennsylvania State Police is the state police force of Pennsylvania, responsible for statewide law enforcement. It was founded in 1905 by order of Governor Samuel Pennypacker, in response to the private police forces used by mine and mill owners to stop worker strikes and the inability or...
and this honor was presented to him upon the graduation of the 64th Pennsylvania State Police Academy Class at Hershey Pennsylvania.
After leaving office in 1987, Thornburgh served as director of the Institute of Politics at the John F. Kennedy School of Government
John F. Kennedy School of Government
The John F. Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University is a public policy and public administration school, and one of Harvard's graduate and professional schools...
at Harvard University
Harvard University
Harvard University is a private Ivy League university located in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States, established in 1636 by the Massachusetts legislature. Harvard is the oldest institution of higher learning in the United States and the first corporation chartered in the country...
.
U.S. Attorney General
In 1988, President Ronald ReaganRonald Reagan
Ronald Wilson Reagan was the 40th President of the United States , the 33rd Governor of California and, prior to that, a radio, film and television actor....
appointed Thornburgh as the United States Attorney General
United States Attorney General
The United States Attorney General is the head of the United States Department of Justice concerned with legal affairs and is the chief law enforcement officer of the United States government. The attorney general is considered to be the chief lawyer of the U.S. government...
and he was retained in office after President George H. W. Bush
George H. W. Bush
George Herbert Walker Bush is an American politician who served as the 41st President of the United States . He had previously served as the 43rd Vice President of the United States , a congressman, an ambassador, and Director of Central Intelligence.Bush was born in Milton, Massachusetts, to...
was sworn into office in January 1989. His main priorities were to crack down on drug trafficking and white-collar crime
White-collar crime
Within the field of criminology, white-collar crime has been defined by Edwin Sutherland as "a crime committed by a person of respectability and high social status in the course of his occupation" . Sutherland was a proponent of Symbolic Interactionism, and believed that criminal behavior was...
. Thornburgh also oversaw prosecution against Exxon
Exxon
Exxon is a chain of gas stations as well as a brand of motor fuel and related products by ExxonMobil. From 1972 to 1999, Exxon was the corporate name of the company previously known as Standard Oil Company of New Jersey or Jersey Standard....
in the aftermath of the Exxon Valdez oil spill
Exxon Valdez oil spill
The Exxon Valdez oil spill occurred in Prince William Sound, Alaska, on March 24, 1989, when the Exxon Valdez, an oil tanker bound for Long Beach, California, struck Prince William Sound's Bligh Reef and spilled of crude oil. It is considered to be one of the most devastating human-caused...
in Alaska. Thornburgh also authored the controversial Thornburgh Memo
Thornburgh Memo
The Thornburgh Memo was a U.S. Department of Justice memorandum prepared by then Attorney General Richard Thornburgh, on June 8, 1989. The memo declared that state ethics rules were not binding upon federal prosecutors...
, that attempted to define the ethical rules applicable to Department of Justice lawyers.
Later political life
He resigned as Attorney General in 1991 to run for the U.S. Senate seat left vacant when SenatorUnited States Senate
The United States Senate is the upper house of the bicameral legislature of the United States, and together with the United States House of Representatives comprises the United States Congress. The composition and powers of the Senate are established in Article One of the U.S. Constitution. Each...
John Heinz was killed in a plane crash. Thornburgh was widely expected to win the seat; however, he was defeated in a surprise upset by Democrat Harris Wofford
Harris Wofford
Harris Llewellyn Wofford served as a Democratic U.S. Senator from Pennsylvania from 1991 to 1995 and as the fifth president of Bryn Mawr College, and is a noted advocate of national service and volunteering...
, who had been the interim appointee to that seat. Thornburgh then served as undersecretary general to the United Nations
United Nations
The United Nations is an international organization whose stated aims are facilitating cooperation in international law, international security, economic development, social progress, human rights, and achievement of world peace...
from 1992 to 1993.
In 1993, Thornburgh's campaign committee was sued in federal court by Karl Rove
Karl Rove
Karl Christian Rove was Senior Advisor and Deputy Chief of Staff to former President George W. Bush until Rove's resignation on August 31, 2007. He has headed the Office of Political Affairs, the Office of Public Liaison, and the White House Office of Strategic Initiatives...
, at the time President of Karl Rove & Co, an Austin-based company. Rove won the case and collected $180,000 from the Thornburgh committee. Karl Rove & Co v. Thornburgh was heard by Judge Sam Sparks
Sam Sparks
Sam Sparks is a federal judge in the United States District Court for the Western District of Texas.- Early life :After graduating from Austin High School as senior class president, Sparks received an undergraduate degree from the University of Texas in 1961 where he was a member of the Texas...
who had been appointed by President George H.W. Bush in 1991.
Return to private life
After his time in politics, Thornburgh re-entered private legal practice returning to Kirkpatrick & Lockhart Preston Gates Ellis, the law firm he originally joined in 1958. In 2002, the U.S. Bankruptcy Court in the Southern District of New YorkUnited States District Court for the Southern District of New York
The United States District Court for the Southern District of New York is a federal district court. Appeals from the Southern District of New York are taken to the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit The United States District Court for the Southern District of New York (in case...
appointed him as an examiner in the WorldCom bankruptcy proceedings. His report to the court included damning criticism of Arthur Andersen
Arthur Andersen
Arthur Andersen LLP, based in Chicago, was once one of the "Big Five" accounting firms among PricewaterhouseCoopers, Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu, Ernst & Young and KPMG, providing auditing, tax, and consulting services to large corporations...
, WorldCom's accounting firm, and banking giant Citigroup
Citigroup
Citigroup Inc. or Citi is an American multinational financial services corporation headquartered in Manhattan, New York City, New York, United States. Citigroup was formed from one of the world's largest mergers in history by combining the banking giant Citicorp and financial conglomerate...
. The report concluded that the two companies aided WorldCom executives in committing fraud
Fraud
In criminal law, a fraud is an intentional deception made for personal gain or to damage another individual; the related adjective is fraudulent. The specific legal definition varies by legal jurisdiction. Fraud is a crime, and also a civil law violation...
.
In 2004, he was appointed to an independent panel set up by CBS
CBS
CBS Broadcasting Inc. is a major US commercial broadcasting television network, which started as a radio network. The name is derived from the initials of the network's former name, Columbia Broadcasting System. The network is sometimes referred to as the "Eye Network" in reference to the shape of...
to investigate the so-called Memogate controversy. In October 2005 he was hired to represent controversial Democratic Pennsylvania politician and nationally renowned forensic pathologist Dr. Cyril Wecht
Cyril Wecht
Dr. Cyril Harrison Wecht is an American forensic pathologist. He has been a consultant in numerous high-profile cases, but is perhaps best known for his criticism of the Warren Commission's findings concerning the assassination of John F...
, who was then serving as Coroner of Allegheny County. Wecht was later indicted
Indictment
An indictment , in the common-law legal system, is a formal accusation that a person has committed a crime. In jurisdictions that maintain the concept of felonies, the serious criminal offence is a felony; jurisdictions that lack the concept of felonies often use that of an indictable offence—an...
on January 20, 2006 on 84 counts of corruption while in office. Wecht's trial began in Pittsburgh in January 2008. Thornburgh appeared as Wecht's attorney before the trial and sat in on the trial proceedings but was not among the attorneys physically arguing the case in the courtroom. Closing arguments occurred in March 2008.
Thornburgh appeared in an interview on an episode of Da Ali G Show
Da Ali G Show
Da Ali G Show is the name of two related satirical TV series created by and starring British comedian Sacha Baron Cohen and featuring the character Ali G....
entitled "The Law" in which Ali G asks several questions about legal issues. Thornburgh appears extremely amiable throughout the interview and never talks condescendingly towards Ali (as is often the case with Ali's guests).
Thornburgh authored "The Future of Puerto Rico
Puerto Rico
Puerto Rico , officially the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico , is an unincorporated territory of the United States, located in the northeastern Caribbean, east of the Dominican Republic and west of both the United States Virgin Islands and the British Virgin Islands.Puerto Rico comprises an...
: A Time for Change" in 2007, in which he calls for immediate change in the island's territorial/commonwealth status. He describes it as a vestige of colonialism. He concedes, however, that change is difficult because equal segments of Puerto Ricans desire statehood or continuation of the status quo. The book is based in part on ongoing research he has done regarding Puerto Rico's vexing political status problem since he testified as Attorney General on behalf of the first Bush administration on the issue before the Energy and Natural Resources Committee Committee of the United States Senate in 1991 and for an amicus curiae
Amicus curiae
An amicus curiae is someone, not a party to a case, who volunteers to offer information to assist a court in deciding a matter before it...
brief he filed in a Puerto Rico voting rights case before the U.S. Court of Appeals for the First Circuit
United States Court of Appeals for the First Circuit
The United States Court of Appeals for the First Circuit is a federal court with appellate jurisdiction over the district courts in the following districts:* District of Maine* District of Massachusetts...
.
Publications
Puerto Rico's Future: A Time to Decide, Center for Strategic and International Studies Press, 2007, ISBN 978-0-89206-494-6External links
- The Dick Thornburgh Papers at the University of Pittsburgh.
- Professional biography at the law firm K&L Gates
- Selection of Thornburgh quotes
- Speaking biography