David Jayne Hill
Encyclopedia
David Jayne Hill was an American diplomat
and historian
.
Born in Plainfield, New Jersey
, he was educated at Bucknell University
from which he graduated in 1874. He served as professor of rhetoric in the institution from 1877 to 1879 and was for the eight years following its president. From 1888 to 1896, he was president of the University of Rochester
. After several years spent in Europe
in the study of international law and diplomacy, he was appointed Assistant Secretary of State
in 1898, serving to 1903. He was appointed United States Minister to Switzerland
in the latter year. Two years later he was appointed United States Minister to the Netherlands
. From 1908 to 1911 he was Ambassador to Germany
. He was an unsuccessful candidate for the United States Senate
in 1914. He served for a time as professor of European diplomacy in the School of Comparative Jurisprudence and Diplomacy in Washington D.C. and was a member of the Permanent Administrative Council of The Hague Tribunal. During the progress of World War I
and especially after the participation of the United States
, he wrote much in criticism of the attitude of the Democratic
administration toward the war. In July, 1920 he was chairman of the Republican
State Convention in New York
. He wrote much on historical and literary subjects. He died in 1932.
Diplomat
A diplomat is a person appointed by a state to conduct diplomacy with another state or international organization. The main functions of diplomats revolve around the representation and protection of the interests and nationals of the sending state, as well as the promotion of information and...
and historian
Historian
A historian is a person who studies and writes about the past and is regarded as an authority on it. Historians are concerned with the continuous, methodical narrative and research of past events as relating to the human race; as well as the study of all history in time. If the individual is...
.
Born in Plainfield, New Jersey
Plainfield, New Jersey
Plainfield is a city in Union County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2010 United States Census, the city's population increased to a record high of 49,808....
, he was educated at Bucknell University
Bucknell University
Bucknell University is a private liberal arts university located alongside the West Branch Susquehanna River in the rolling countryside of Central Pennsylvania in the town of Lewisburg, 30 miles southeast of Williamsport and 60 miles north of Harrisburg. The university consists of the College of...
from which he graduated in 1874. He served as professor of rhetoric in the institution from 1877 to 1879 and was for the eight years following its president. From 1888 to 1896, he was president of the University of Rochester
University of Rochester
The University of Rochester is a private, nonsectarian, research university in Rochester, New York, United States. The university grants undergraduate and graduate degrees, including doctoral and professional degrees. The university has six schools and various interdisciplinary programs.The...
. After several years spent in Europe
Europe
Europe is, by convention, one of the world's seven continents. Comprising the westernmost peninsula of Eurasia, Europe is generally 'divided' from Asia to its east by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas, and the waterways connecting...
in the study of international law and diplomacy, he was appointed Assistant Secretary of State
United States Assistant Secretary of State
In modern times, Assistant Secretary of State is a title used for many executive positions in the United States State Department. A set of six Assistant Secretaries reporting to the Under Secretary for Political Affairs manage diplomatic missions within their designated geographic regions, plus one...
in 1898, serving to 1903. He was appointed United States Minister to Switzerland
Switzerland
Switzerland name of one of the Swiss cantons. ; ; ; or ), in its full name the Swiss Confederation , is a federal republic consisting of 26 cantons, with Bern as the seat of the federal authorities. The country is situated in Western Europe,Or Central Europe depending on the definition....
in the latter year. Two years later he was appointed United States Minister to the Netherlands
Netherlands
The Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...
. From 1908 to 1911 he was Ambassador to Germany
United States Ambassador to Germany
The United States has had diplomatic relations with the nation of Germany and its predecessor nation, the Kingdom of Prussia, since 1835. These relations were broken twice while Germany and the United States were at war...
. He was an unsuccessful candidate for the United States Senate
United States Senate
The United States Senate is the upper house of the bicameral legislature of the United States, and together with the United States House of Representatives comprises the United States Congress. The composition and powers of the Senate are established in Article One of the U.S. Constitution. Each...
in 1914. He served for a time as professor of European diplomacy in the School of Comparative Jurisprudence and Diplomacy in Washington D.C. and was a member of the Permanent Administrative Council of The Hague Tribunal. During the progress of World War I
World War I
World War I , which was predominantly called the World War or the Great War from its occurrence until 1939, and the First World War or World War I thereafter, was a major war centred in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918...
and especially after the participation of the United States
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
, he wrote much in criticism of the attitude of the Democratic
Democratic Party (United States)
The Democratic Party is one of two major contemporary political parties in the United States, along with the Republican Party. The party's socially liberal and progressive platform is largely considered center-left in the U.S. political spectrum. The party has the lengthiest record of continuous...
administration toward the war. In July, 1920 he was chairman of the Republican
Republican Party (United States)
The Republican Party is one of the two major contemporary political parties in the United States, along with the Democratic Party. Founded by anti-slavery expansion activists in 1854, it is often called the GOP . The party's platform generally reflects American conservatism in the U.S...
State Convention in New York
New York
New York is a state in the Northeastern region of the United States. It is the nation's third most populous state. New York is bordered by New Jersey and Pennsylvania to the south, and by Connecticut, Massachusetts and Vermont to the east...
. He wrote much on historical and literary subjects. He died in 1932.
Works
- The Life of William Cullen Bryant (1878)
- The Science of Rhetoric (1877)
- Elements of Rhetoric and Composition (1878)
- The Life of Washington Irving (1879)
- The Elements of Psychology (1886)
- The Social Influence of Christianity (1888)
- Principles and Fallacies of Socialism (1888)
- Genetic Philosophy (1893)
- An Honest Dollar the Basis of Prosperity (1900)
- The Conception and Realization of Neutrality (1902)
- The Contemporary Development of Diplomacy (1904)
- History of Diplomacy in the International Development of Europe, embracing A Struggle for Universal Empire (1905)
- The Establishment of Territorial Sovereignty (1906)
- World Organization as Affected by the Nature of the Modern State (1911)
- The Diplomacy of the Age of Absolutism (1914)
- The People's Government (1915)
- Americanism: What It Is (1916)
- The Rebuilding of Europe (1917)
- Impressions of the Kaiser (1918)
- Present Problems in Foreign Policy (1919)
- American World Policies (1920)