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Cananea (municipality)
Encyclopedia
Cananea is a municipality
in the northern portion of the Mexican state
of Sonora
, on the U.S. border. Its municipal seat is the city
of Cananea
, located at 30°58′55"N 110°18′02"W.
According to local information, the word Cananea comes from two Apache words: “can” which means "meat" and “efa” which means "horse".
The colonial development of Cananea was influenced gby the nearby missions of Arizpe, Santa María and Cocóspera. In the middle of the nineteenth century Cananea became part of the province of Sonora
, becoming a "real de minas". On 8 November 1901, Cananea was raised to municipal status, after having been part of the municipality of Fronteras.
In 1906 the site was stage to perhaps the most famous strike in Mexican history, the "huelga de Cananea". This strike was against the American owned mining company and was put down by forces brought across the border from the United States with considerable loss of life on the part of the striking miners. This strike is considered to be one of the precursors to the Mexican Revolution
of 1910.
Cananea became a municipality in 1901. In 1937 the territory of Naco separated and it became municipality of Naco
. On 31 October 2001, the city of Cananea temporarily became the capital of the state of Sonora
during the celebrations of the 100th anniversary of the municipality.
, in the United States
to the north, and the municipalities of Arizpe
(south), Naco
and Bacoachi
(east) and Ímuris
and Santa Cruz
(west). Its total area is 4,414.1 square kilometers and its average elevation is 1,500 meters above sea level
.
In addition to the municipal seat there are several small communities: ejido Morelos, Emiliano Zapata, Zaragoza and Vicente.
Cananea has a relatively high altitude. The most important mountain peaks are Manzanal, Los Ajos, Cananeita, Magallanes, Azul and la Mariquita (2,480 m), which is the site of the Guillermo Haro Observatory
, an astronomical observatory of the National Autonomous University of Mexico
(UNAM).
The most important rivers are: Sonora, Bacanuchi and San Pedro; other streams are: Jaralito, Río Claro, Santa Bárbara, Los Difuntos, El Sauz, El Berrendo, El Álamo, Villa Verde, El Chiflón, Cuitaca, Cocóspera, El Anillo and San Antonio.
There were 34 wells (2000), of which 20 were for irrigation, 11 for water supply for the Compañía Minera de Cananea, and four for drinking water for Cananea and ejido Zaragoza.
The climate is semihot subhumid with an average monthly maximum temperature of 23.5 °C in the months of June to September and an average monthly minimum temperature of 7.4 °C in December and January; the average annual temperature is 15.3 °C.
The vegetation is pasture in almost all of the area, while there are still stands of oak pine in the higher elevations. The areas that can be irrigated are scarce.
In the municipal seat there are manufacturing companies that operate under the system called maquila, assembling products for re-export to the United States.
of Cananea is Jesus Reginaldo Moreno Garcia, a member of the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI), and his term expires in 2012. He is an outstanding administrator and retired teacher.
Municipalities of Sonora
The Mexican state of Sonorais divided into 72 municipalities:...
in the northern portion of the Mexican state
States of Mexico
The United Mexican States is a federal republic formed by 32 federal entities .According to the Constitution of 1917, the states of the federation are free and sovereign. Each state has their own congress and constitution, while the Federal District has only limited autonomy with a local Congress...
of Sonora
Sonora
Sonora officially Estado Libre y Soberano de Sonora is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico. It is divided into 72 municipalities; the capital city is Hermosillo....
, on the U.S. border. Its municipal seat is the city
Settlement classification in Mexico
Mexico's states classify their settlements in a variety of fashions:-Aguascalientes:Under Article 106 of the Municipal Law of the State of Aguascalientes, the state defines its settlements as follows:...
of Cananea
Cananea
-Economy:Mining is the main source of revenue for Cananea and will be for the foreseeable future. Eighty percent of the population is directly or indirectly supported by mining companies in Cananea. The first and most important mining company is Mexicana de Cananea, S.A. de C.V. owned by and...
, located at 30°58′55"N 110°18′02"W.
Population
The population of the municipality of Cananea was 32,936 (2010 census). Most of the population lives in the municipal seat, which had 31,560 inhabitants in the same year. This represented over 95.8% of the total.- Population in 1980: 25,327
- Population in 1990: 26,931
- Population in 2000: 32,061
- Population in 2010: 32,936
Towns and villages
The largest localities (cities, towns, and villages) are:| Name | 2010 Census Population |
|---|---|
| Cananea | 31,560 |
| Cultaca | 424 |
| Ignacio Zaragoza (La Mesa) | 266 |
| Vicente Guerrero | 217 |
| Emiliano Zapata | 155 |
| José María Morelos y Pavón (Sauceda) | 116 |
| Total Municipality | 32,936 |
History
The territory now occupied by the municipality was originally a rancheria inhabited by the Pima Indians, who had been pacified by the Spanish in the seventeenth century.According to local information, the word Cananea comes from two Apache words: “can” which means "meat" and “efa” which means "horse".
The colonial development of Cananea was influenced gby the nearby missions of Arizpe, Santa María and Cocóspera. In the middle of the nineteenth century Cananea became part of the province of Sonora
Sonora
Sonora officially Estado Libre y Soberano de Sonora is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico. It is divided into 72 municipalities; the capital city is Hermosillo....
, becoming a "real de minas". On 8 November 1901, Cananea was raised to municipal status, after having been part of the municipality of Fronteras.
In 1906 the site was stage to perhaps the most famous strike in Mexican history, the "huelga de Cananea". This strike was against the American owned mining company and was put down by forces brought across the border from the United States with considerable loss of life on the part of the striking miners. This strike is considered to be one of the precursors to the Mexican Revolution
Mexican Revolution
The Mexican Revolution was a major armed struggle that started in 1910, with an uprising led by Francisco I. Madero against longtime autocrat Porfirio Díaz. The Revolution was characterized by several socialist, liberal, anarchist, populist, and agrarianist movements. Over time the Revolution...
of 1910.
Cananea became a municipality in 1901. In 1937 the territory of Naco separated and it became municipality of Naco
Naco (municipality)
Naco is a municipality in Sonora in north-western Mexico....
. On 31 October 2001, the city of Cananea temporarily became the capital of the state of Sonora
Sonora
Sonora officially Estado Libre y Soberano de Sonora is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico. It is divided into 72 municipalities; the capital city is Hermosillo....
during the celebrations of the 100th anniversary of the municipality.
Geography
This municipio borders Cochise County, ArizonaCochise County, Arizona
-2010:Whereas according to the 2010 U.S. Census Bureau:*78.5% White*4.2% Black*1.2% Native American*1.9% Asian*0.3% Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander*4.0% Two or more races*9.6% Other races*32.4% Hispanic or Latino -2000:...
, in the United States
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
to the north, and the municipalities of Arizpe
Arizpe (municipality)
Arizpe is a municipality in Sonora in north-western Mexico....
(south), Naco
Naco (municipality)
Naco is a municipality in Sonora in north-western Mexico....
and Bacoachi
Bacoachi (municipality)
Bacoachi is a municipality in Sonora in north-western Mexico....
(east) and Ímuris
Imuris (municipality)
Imuris is a municipality in Sonora in north-western Mexico.-References:...
and Santa Cruz
Santa Cruz (municipality)
Santa Cruz is a municipality in Sonora in north-western Mexico.-Adjacent municipalities and counties:* Cananea Municipality - east and southeast* Ímuris Municipality - southwest* Nogales Municipality - west...
(west). Its total area is 4,414.1 square kilometers and its average elevation is 1,500 meters above sea level
Sea level
Mean sea level is a measure of the average height of the ocean's surface ; used as a standard in reckoning land elevation...
.
In addition to the municipal seat there are several small communities: ejido Morelos, Emiliano Zapata, Zaragoza and Vicente.
Cananea has a relatively high altitude. The most important mountain peaks are Manzanal, Los Ajos, Cananeita, Magallanes, Azul and la Mariquita (2,480 m), which is the site of the Guillermo Haro Observatory
Guillermo Haro Observatory
The Guillermo Haro Observatory is an astronomical observatory owned and operated by Instituto Nacional de Astrofísica, Óptica y Electrónica in the Mexican state of Sonora...
, an astronomical observatory of the National Autonomous University of Mexico
National Autonomous University of Mexico
The Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México is a university in Mexico. UNAM was founded on 22 September 1910 by Justo Sierra as a liberal alternative to the Roman Catholic-sponsored Royal and Pontifical University of Mexico The Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM) (National Autonomous...
(UNAM).
The most important rivers are: Sonora, Bacanuchi and San Pedro; other streams are: Jaralito, Río Claro, Santa Bárbara, Los Difuntos, El Sauz, El Berrendo, El Álamo, Villa Verde, El Chiflón, Cuitaca, Cocóspera, El Anillo and San Antonio.
There were 34 wells (2000), of which 20 were for irrigation, 11 for water supply for the Compañía Minera de Cananea, and four for drinking water for Cananea and ejido Zaragoza.
The climate is semihot subhumid with an average monthly maximum temperature of 23.5 °C in the months of June to September and an average monthly minimum temperature of 7.4 °C in December and January; the average annual temperature is 15.3 °C.
The vegetation is pasture in almost all of the area, while there are still stands of oak pine in the higher elevations. The areas that can be irrigated are scarce.
Adjacent municipalities and counties
- Naco MunicipalityNaco, SonoraNaco is a Mexican town and municipality located in the northeast part of Sonora state on the border with the United States. It is directly across from the unincorporated town of Naco, Arizona. The name Naco comes from the Opata language and means nopal cactus. The town saw fighting during the...
- northeast - Fronteras Municipality - east
- Bacoachi Municipality - southeast
- Arizpe Municipality - south
- Ímuris MunicipalityÍmurisImuris is a municipality and a municipal seat in the north of the Mexican state of Sonora.-Area and Population:The municipal area is 1,710.3 km² with a population of 9,988 registered in 2000. Most of the inhabitants live in the municipal seat, which had a population of 5,767 in 2000...
- southwest - Santa Cruz Municipality - northwest
- Cochise County, ArizonaCochise County, Arizona-2010:Whereas according to the 2010 U.S. Census Bureau:*78.5% White*4.2% Black*1.2% Native American*1.9% Asian*0.3% Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander*4.0% Two or more races*9.6% Other races*32.4% Hispanic or Latino -2000:...
- north
Economic activity
Mining is still very important, with copper mines in the municipal seat. Cattle raising is also widely practiced. The main agricultural products are corn, beans, barley, sorghum, alfalfa, and apples.In the municipal seat there are manufacturing companies that operate under the system called maquila, assembling products for re-export to the United States.
Government
The current MajorMajor
Major is a rank of commissioned officer, with corresponding ranks existing in almost every military in the world.When used unhyphenated, in conjunction with no other indicator of rank, the term refers to the rank just senior to that of an Army captain and just below the rank of lieutenant colonel. ...
of Cananea is Jesus Reginaldo Moreno Garcia, a member of the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI), and his term expires in 2012. He is an outstanding administrator and retired teacher.