Campaign to Suppress Bandits in Shiwandashan
Encyclopedia
The Campaign to Suppress Bandits in Shiwandashan (十万大山剿匪) was a counter-guerrilla / counterinsurgency campaign the communists
fought against the Kuomintang
guerrilla left behind after the nationalist regime withdrew from mainland China. The campaign was fought during the Chinese Civil War
in the post-World War II
era in the region of Shiwandashan (十万大山, literally meaning Ten Thousand Great Mountains) in Guangxi
at the China
-Vietnam
border and resulted in communist victory. This campaign is part of Campaign to Suppress Bandits in Guangxi, which in turn, was part of Campaign to Suppress Bandits in Central and Southern China
.
Communist:
Military Sub-District, the communist 129th Division and the communist 134th Division were tasked to eradicate the nationalists in the region. The original communist plan of attacking on December 20, 1950 was forced to carried out early on December 13, 1950 when the intelligence revealed that the nationalists planned to withdrew to Vietnam
. After three days of travel, the communists succeeded in besieging the nationalist within the Chinese border. The nationalists attempt a futile breakout by sending out a small force to sneak out of the encirclement and cross the border, but the entire 80 member strong force was annihilated by the communist regiment of the Longzhou
Military Sub-District in the region to the north of Jiute (九特). The remaining nationalists attempted to flee eastward, but they were annihilated by the enemy at the Taiping (太平) Mountain region. The battles afterward became eradication operations on small scales. By February 1951, the communist victory was complete.
and Guangxi
, and Wei Yuzhuang (韦雨庄), the director of the nationalist Anticommunist National Salvation Committee. The 31,000 strong nationalist guerrilla in Shiwandashan (十万大山) was completely annihilated. In addition, the communists also captured 58 pieces of artillery, 33 machine gun
s, 39,844 firearms, and 3 radio sets.
Communist Party of China
The Communist Party of China , also known as the Chinese Communist Party , is the founding and ruling political party of the People's Republic of China...
fought against the Kuomintang
Kuomintang
The Kuomintang of China , sometimes romanized as Guomindang via the Pinyin transcription system or GMD for short, and translated as the Chinese Nationalist Party is a founding and ruling political party of the Republic of China . Its guiding ideology is the Three Principles of the People, espoused...
guerrilla left behind after the nationalist regime withdrew from mainland China. The campaign was fought during the Chinese Civil War
Chinese Civil War
The Chinese Civil War was a civil war fought between the Kuomintang , the governing party of the Republic of China, and the Communist Party of China , for the control of China which eventually led to China's division into two Chinas, Republic of China and People's Republic of...
in the post-World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
era in the region of Shiwandashan (十万大山, literally meaning Ten Thousand Great Mountains) in Guangxi
Guangxi
Guangxi, formerly romanized Kwangsi, is a province of southern China along its border with Vietnam. In 1958, it became the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China, a region with special privileges created specifically for the Zhuang people.Guangxi's location, in...
at the China
China
Chinese civilization may refer to:* China for more general discussion of the country.* Chinese culture* Greater China, the transnational community of ethnic Chinese.* History of China* Sinosphere, the area historically affected by Chinese culture...
-Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam – sometimes spelled Viet Nam , officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam – is the easternmost country on the Indochina Peninsula in Southeast Asia. It is bordered by China to the north, Laos to the northwest, Cambodia to the southwest, and the South China Sea –...
border and resulted in communist victory. This campaign is part of Campaign to Suppress Bandits in Guangxi, which in turn, was part of Campaign to Suppress Bandits in Central and Southern China
Campaign to Suppress Bandits in Central and Southern China
Campaign to Suppress Bandits in Central and Southern China was a counter-guerrilla / counterinsurgency campaign the communists fought against the nationalist guerrilla that was mostly consisted of bandits and second rate nationalist regular troops left behind after the nationalist government...
.
Order of battle
Nationalist:- Anticommunist National Salvation Army at the Border Region of GuangdongGuangdongGuangdong is a province on the South China Sea coast of the People's Republic of China. The province was previously often written with the alternative English name Kwangtung Province...
and GuangxiGuangxiGuangxi, formerly romanized Kwangsi, is a province of southern China along its border with Vietnam. In 1958, it became the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China, a region with special privileges created specifically for the Zhuang people.Guangxi's location, in...
Communist:
- A regiment of the LongzhouLongzhou CountyLongzhou is a county in the Guangxi province of China, on the border with Vietnam . It is under the jurisdiction of the prefecture-level city Chongzuo....
Military Sub-District - 129th Division
- 134th Division
Battles
After the nationalist retreat, the nationalist troops left behind joined the local bandits in the region of Shiwandashan (十万大山) under order to continue the fight against their common communist enemy in the form of guerrilla / insurgency warfare. In early December, 1950, communist force consisted of a regiment of the communist LongzhouLongzhou County
Longzhou is a county in the Guangxi province of China, on the border with Vietnam . It is under the jurisdiction of the prefecture-level city Chongzuo....
Military Sub-District, the communist 129th Division and the communist 134th Division were tasked to eradicate the nationalists in the region. The original communist plan of attacking on December 20, 1950 was forced to carried out early on December 13, 1950 when the intelligence revealed that the nationalists planned to withdrew to Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam – sometimes spelled Viet Nam , officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam – is the easternmost country on the Indochina Peninsula in Southeast Asia. It is bordered by China to the north, Laos to the northwest, Cambodia to the southwest, and the South China Sea –...
. After three days of travel, the communists succeeded in besieging the nationalist within the Chinese border. The nationalists attempt a futile breakout by sending out a small force to sneak out of the encirclement and cross the border, but the entire 80 member strong force was annihilated by the communist regiment of the Longzhou
Longzhou County
Longzhou is a county in the Guangxi province of China, on the border with Vietnam . It is under the jurisdiction of the prefecture-level city Chongzuo....
Military Sub-District in the region to the north of Jiute (九特). The remaining nationalists attempted to flee eastward, but they were annihilated by the enemy at the Taiping (太平) Mountain region. The battles afterward became eradication operations on small scales. By February 1951, the communist victory was complete.
Conclusion
By February, 1951, the campaign concluded with communist victory, with nationalist commanders either killed or captured, including Wei Xiuying (韦秀英), the commander-in-chief of the nationalist Anticommunist National Salvation Army at the Border Region of GuangdongGuangdong
Guangdong is a province on the South China Sea coast of the People's Republic of China. The province was previously often written with the alternative English name Kwangtung Province...
and Guangxi
Guangxi
Guangxi, formerly romanized Kwangsi, is a province of southern China along its border with Vietnam. In 1958, it became the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China, a region with special privileges created specifically for the Zhuang people.Guangxi's location, in...
, and Wei Yuzhuang (韦雨庄), the director of the nationalist Anticommunist National Salvation Committee. The 31,000 strong nationalist guerrilla in Shiwandashan (十万大山) was completely annihilated. In addition, the communists also captured 58 pieces of artillery, 33 machine gun
Machine gun
A machine gun is a fully automatic mounted or portable firearm, usually designed to fire rounds in quick succession from an ammunition belt or large-capacity magazine, typically at a rate of several hundred rounds per minute....
s, 39,844 firearms, and 3 radio sets.
See also
- List of battles of the Chinese Civil War
- National Revolutionary ArmyNational Revolutionary ArmyThe National Revolutionary Army , pre-1928 sometimes shortened to 革命軍 or Revolutionary Army and between 1928-1947 as 國軍 or National Army was the Military Arm of the Kuomintang from 1925 until 1947, as well as the national army of the Republic of China during the KMT's period of party rule...
- History of the People's Liberation ArmyHistory of the People's Liberation ArmyThe history of the People's Liberation Army began in 1927 with the start of the Chinese Civil War and spans to the present, having developed from a peasant guerrilla force into the largest armed force in the world.-Historical background:...
- Chinese Civil WarChinese Civil WarThe Chinese Civil War was a civil war fought between the Kuomintang , the governing party of the Republic of China, and the Communist Party of China , for the control of China which eventually led to China's division into two Chinas, Republic of China and People's Republic of...