Buyang people
Encyclopedia
The Buyang people are an officially unrecognized Kra ethnic group living in Wenshan Prefecture
, Yunnan
and Napo County
, Guangxi
in China
. They are closely related to the Laha
, Qabiao
, Gelao, and Lachi
. The Buyang language
is spoken, although many Buyang are now shifting to Zhuang
and Southwestern Mandarin
.
pu22 jaaŋ24 (alternatively pu22 ȵaaŋ24), which means "other people." The Buyang of Napo County
, Guangxi
call themselves the ʔia33 hrɔŋ53, while Guangnan
Buyang call themselves pa33 ha33. In Napo
and Jingxi
counties, many Zhuang are called "Buyang" by other Zhuang groups. In southeastern Guizhou and Tianlin, Longlin, and Xilin counties of Guangxi, many villages also contain the word yang 央, suggesting that those villages may be formerly Buyang-speaking areas that had been assimilated by the Zhuang people.
Because Buyang clothing appears similar to Yao
clothing, many Zhuangs and Hans have mistaken the Buyang as Yao
and have called them:
peoples, although many have now switched to Zhuang-style clothing. Today, most Buyang celebrate Zhuang festivals, although the Guangnan Buyang (or Paha) celebrate the Dragon-Worshiping Festival and the Yin Day, or New Year, Festival.
and Guangxi
from Guizhou
province in the north, which is now occupied by the Gelao people. Various types of historical evidence suggest that the Buyang were much more populous in the past. For instance, many village names in Xilin County
, Longlin County, and Napo County
begin with Yang 央, suggesting that they may have formerly been Buyang-speaking areas from at least the Qing Dynasty
. Li (1999) states that the following counties were formerly inhabited by Buyang speakers, but no longer have any:
The majority resided in the Hongshui River
(Hongshui He 红水河) valley. Today, the river serves as a border between northwestern Guangxi
and southwestern Guizhou
.
A legend among the Buyang of Guangxi recounts that once there were three Buyang brothers living in poverty. One stayed in Guangxi, another went to Yunnan to escape poverty, and yet another migrated to northern Vietnam. The third brother who migrated to Vietnam could have been the ancestor of the En (Nung Ven) or the Qabiao people
.
A Qing
-era chronicle had also mentioned a people called the Puyang 普央 living in Guangnan.
Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous Prefecture
Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous Prefecture is an autonomous prefecture in Yunnan Province, China.-Subdivisions:-Ethnic groups:Wenshan is highly diverse...
, Yunnan
Yunnan
Yunnan is a province of the People's Republic of China, located in the far southwest of the country spanning approximately and with a population of 45.7 million . The capital of the province is Kunming. The province borders Burma, Laos, and Vietnam.Yunnan is situated in a mountainous area, with...
and Napo County
Napo County
Napo County is a county of Guangxi, China. It is under the administration of Baise city....
, Guangxi
Guangxi
Guangxi, formerly romanized Kwangsi, is a province of southern China along its border with Vietnam. In 1958, it became the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China, a region with special privileges created specifically for the Zhuang people.Guangxi's location, in...
in China
China
Chinese civilization may refer to:* China for more general discussion of the country.* Chinese culture* Greater China, the transnational community of ethnic Chinese.* History of China* Sinosphere, the area historically affected by Chinese culture...
. They are closely related to the Laha
Laha people
The La Ha are an ethnic group of Vietnam. Most La Ha live in the Yên Bái and Sơn La provinces, and number approximately 5,686 people . They speak the Laha language, which is part of the Tai–Kadai language family....
, Qabiao
Qabiao people
The Qabiao people are an ethnic group living in Hà Giang, Vietnam, and Yunnan Province, China. and the total population was 705 in 1999, while Liang cites a total population of 777. In China, they are classified with the Yi people...
, Gelao, and Lachi
Lachi people
The La Chi people live in the Hà Giang and Lào Cai provinces of northeastern Vietnam. Their population is approximately 10,765 people . They speak the Lachi language, which is part of the Kradai language group....
. The Buyang language
Buyang language
Buyang is a Tai–Kadai language spoken in Guangnan and Funing counties, Yunnan Province, China by the Buyang people. It is important to the reconstruction of Austro-Tai as it retains the disyllabic roots characteristic of Austronesian languages. Examples are "to die", "eye", "head", and "eight"...
is spoken, although many Buyang are now shifting to Zhuang
Zhuang language
The Zhuang languages are any of various Tai languages used by the Zhuang people. Most speakers live in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region within the People's Republic of China, where the Wuming variety is an official language...
and Southwestern Mandarin
Southwestern Mandarin
Southwestern Mandarin , also known as Upper Yangtze Mandarin , is a primary branch of Mandarin Chinese spoken by Han Chinese people throughout many regions of central and southwestern China, such as Sichuan, Yunnan, Chongqing, Guizhou, most parts of Hubei, the western part of Hunan, the northern...
.
Name
The name Buyang comes from the ZhuangStandard Zhuang
The standard Zhuang language is the variety of Zhuang spoken in Wuming County in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China, where it is an official language.-Classification:...
pu22 jaaŋ24 (alternatively pu22 ȵaaŋ24), which means "other people." The Buyang of Napo County
Napo County
Napo County is a county of Guangxi, China. It is under the administration of Baise city....
, Guangxi
Guangxi
Guangxi, formerly romanized Kwangsi, is a province of southern China along its border with Vietnam. In 1958, it became the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China, a region with special privileges created specifically for the Zhuang people.Guangxi's location, in...
call themselves the ʔia33 hrɔŋ53, while Guangnan
Guangnan County
Guangnan County is located in Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan province, China.-Climate:-Historical sites:Grave of Princess Anhua...
Buyang call themselves pa33 ha33. In Napo
Napo County
Napo County is a county of Guangxi, China. It is under the administration of Baise city....
and Jingxi
Jingxi County
Jingxi County is a county of Guangxi, China. It is under the administration of Baise city....
counties, many Zhuang are called "Buyang" by other Zhuang groups. In southeastern Guizhou and Tianlin, Longlin, and Xilin counties of Guangxi, many villages also contain the word yang 央, suggesting that those villages may be formerly Buyang-speaking areas that had been assimilated by the Zhuang people.
Because Buyang clothing appears similar to Yao
Yao people
The Yao nationality is a government classification for various minorities in China. They form one of the 55 ethnic minority groups officially recognized by the People's Republic of China, where they reside in the mountainous terrain of the southwest and south...
clothing, many Zhuangs and Hans have mistaken the Buyang as Yao
Yao people
The Yao nationality is a government classification for various minorities in China. They form one of the 55 ethnic minority groups officially recognized by the People's Republic of China, where they reside in the mountainous terrain of the southwest and south...
and have called them:
- Tu Yao 土瑶, "native Yao"
- Tie Yao 铁瑶, "Iron Yao"
- Liu Yao 六瑶, "Six Yao"
Culture
Traditional Buyang clothing resembles that of the Gelao and LachiLachi people
The La Chi people live in the Hà Giang and Lào Cai provinces of northeastern Vietnam. Their population is approximately 10,765 people . They speak the Lachi language, which is part of the Kradai language group....
peoples, although many have now switched to Zhuang-style clothing. Today, most Buyang celebrate Zhuang festivals, although the Guangnan Buyang (or Paha) celebrate the Dragon-Worshiping Festival and the Yin Day, or New Year, Festival.
History
The Buyang people may have originally migrated to their present locations in YunnanYunnan
Yunnan is a province of the People's Republic of China, located in the far southwest of the country spanning approximately and with a population of 45.7 million . The capital of the province is Kunming. The province borders Burma, Laos, and Vietnam.Yunnan is situated in a mountainous area, with...
and Guangxi
Guangxi
Guangxi, formerly romanized Kwangsi, is a province of southern China along its border with Vietnam. In 1958, it became the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China, a region with special privileges created specifically for the Zhuang people.Guangxi's location, in...
from Guizhou
Guizhou
' is a province of the People's Republic of China located in the southwestern part of the country. Its provincial capital city is Guiyang.- History :...
province in the north, which is now occupied by the Gelao people. Various types of historical evidence suggest that the Buyang were much more populous in the past. For instance, many village names in Xilin County
Xilin County
Xilin County is a county of Guangxi, China. It is under the administration of Baise city....
, Longlin County, and Napo County
Napo County
Napo County is a county of Guangxi, China. It is under the administration of Baise city....
begin with Yang 央, suggesting that they may have formerly been Buyang-speaking areas from at least the Qing Dynasty
Qing Dynasty
The Qing Dynasty was the last dynasty of China, ruling from 1644 to 1912 with a brief, abortive restoration in 1917. It was preceded by the Ming Dynasty and followed by the Republic of China....
. Li (1999) states that the following counties were formerly inhabited by Buyang speakers, but no longer have any:
- Guizhou Province
- Luodian County
- Wangmo CountyWangmo CountyWangmo County is a county of Guizhou, China. It is under the administration of the Qianxinan Buyei and Miao Autonomous Prefecture.Wangmo, recorded of rainfall in one hour, on 9 June 2011, the most rainfall in the county in 200 years....
- Ceheng CountyCeheng CountyCeheng County is a county of Guizhou, China. It is under the administration of the Qianxinan Buyei and Miao Autonomous Prefecture....
- Zhenfeng CountyZhenfeng CountyZhenfeng County is a county of Guizhou, China. It is under the administration of the Qianxinan Buyei and Miao Autonomous Prefecture....
- Anlong CountyAnlong CountyAnlong County is a county of Guizhou, China. It is under the administration of the Qianxinan Buyei and Miao Autonomous Prefecture....
- Xingren CountyXingren CountyXingren County is a county of Guizhou, China. It is under the administration of the Qianxinan Buyei and Miao Autonomous Prefecture....
- XingyiXingyi, GuizhouXingyi is a county level city in Guizhou in southern China. It has an area of 2911 square kilometers and a population of 740,700 as the end of 2003.-History:-External links:*...
- Guangxi Province
- Yishan County
- Huanjiang County
- Nandan CountyNandan CountyNandan County is a county in Hechi Prefecture, in northwest of Guangxi Province of China.Area: 3916 km2.Population: 276,000Postal Code: 547200.Telephone Area Code: 0778-External links:*...
- Donglan CountyDonglan CountyDonglan County is a county of Guangxi, China. It is under the administration of Hechi city....
- Pingguo CountyPingguo CountyPingguo County is a county of Guangxi, China. It is under the administration of Baise city.Pingguo Industry Park hosts an important part of China’s aluminum industry....
- Nanning CountyNanningNanning is the capital of the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in southern China. It is known as the "Green City" because of its abundance of lush tropical foliage.-History:...
- Longlin County
- Xilin CountyXilin CountyXilin County is a county of Guangxi, China. It is under the administration of Baise city....
- Napo CountyNapo CountyNapo County is a county of Guangxi, China. It is under the administration of Baise city....
- Jingxi CountyJingxi CountyJingxi County is a county of Guangxi, China. It is under the administration of Baise city....
- Debao CountyDebao CountyDebao County is a county of Guangxi, China. It is under the administration of Baise city.-Economy:Boxite mining is a major industry in Debao County. To facilitate the transportation of the ore, a 72-km single-track electrified railway branch was completed in 2010, connecting Debao with Tiandong on...
- Yunnan Province
- Qiubei CountyQiubei CountyQiubei County is located in Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan province, China.-External links:*...
- Qiubei County
The majority resided in the Hongshui River
Hongshui River
The Hongshui River is a major river in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in Southern China. It is one of the main rivers in the basin of the Xi River, which in its turn is one of the main tributaries of the Pearl River....
(Hongshui He 红水河) valley. Today, the river serves as a border between northwestern Guangxi
Guangxi
Guangxi, formerly romanized Kwangsi, is a province of southern China along its border with Vietnam. In 1958, it became the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China, a region with special privileges created specifically for the Zhuang people.Guangxi's location, in...
and southwestern Guizhou
Guizhou
' is a province of the People's Republic of China located in the southwestern part of the country. Its provincial capital city is Guiyang.- History :...
.
A legend among the Buyang of Guangxi recounts that once there were three Buyang brothers living in poverty. One stayed in Guangxi, another went to Yunnan to escape poverty, and yet another migrated to northern Vietnam. The third brother who migrated to Vietnam could have been the ancestor of the En (Nung Ven) or the Qabiao people
Qabiao people
The Qabiao people are an ethnic group living in Hà Giang, Vietnam, and Yunnan Province, China. and the total population was 705 in 1999, while Liang cites a total population of 777. In China, they are classified with the Yi people...
.
A Qing
Qing Dynasty
The Qing Dynasty was the last dynasty of China, ruling from 1644 to 1912 with a brief, abortive restoration in 1917. It was preceded by the Ming Dynasty and followed by the Republic of China....
-era chronicle had also mentioned a people called the Puyang 普央 living in Guangnan.