Barred Parakeet
Encyclopedia
The Barred Parakeet also known as Lineolated Parakeet, Catherine Parakeet or 'Linnies' for short, is a small parrot
found disjunctly
in highland forests from southern Mexico
to Panama
, in the Andes
from western Venezuela
to southern Peru
, the Santa Marta Mountains in Colombia
and the Venezuelan Coastal Range
. Its plumage is mostly green with multiple black and dark green stripes or bars, and it has a pale-horn coloured beak. The dark stripes vary in prominence between its two subspecies. Several colour mutants are available in aviculture.
The Barred Parakeet is about 16 cm (6.5 in) in length and has a weight of about 42 to 52 grams. It is mostly green and has black stripes (or bars) over its upper-parts except on the top of the head. Its lower-parts are olive-green with very dark green stripes on its sides. The shoulder of its wings are black, there is some blue on the under-side of its wings, and its tail is dark green. The irises are dark brown and its beak is horn coloured. Its legs are pink. Juveniles have less-marked dark stripes, which darken with age. Males and females are generally similar in external appearance, but males may sometimes have more marked black stripes than the female. Usually, however, there is no discerning trait to differentiate genders and sexing must be done surgically or through blood tests. The two subspecies differ in the prominence of the dark stripes.
The Barred Parakeet has a very range in central and South America, and it has a large population that is thought to be stable.
Some distinct stripes are found, that give them an irrisistable nature.
Lineolated parakeets are found in the wild in groups of six to thirty, although bigger groups (up to 150 birds) are known. They eat fruit, dried and germinated seeds, and insect larvae.
Lineolated parakeets are known for their calm dispositions and peculiar postures. Unlike many birds, lineolateds typically rest in a near horizontal position with their heads almost in line with their tails. They are generally very calm birds and typically mumble quietly, and their calls are not high-pitched or piercing to the ear.
s because of their quiet and even-tempered disposition, and also because many colour mutations are available. Blue, cobalt, turquoise, mauve, lutino, creamino, cinnamon, golden, pied, silver and violet birds are bred in aviculture. Their average lifespan is about 10 years, but individual birds have been known to live up to 15 years. They are talented mimics of human speech.
Common colors are mainly greens (olive, dark), cobalt, turquoise, grey (also known as mauve), and yellow (or lutino). Dilutes are also available, which generally mark the presence of lighter colors and lighter stripes.
One of the most recognizable and entertaining characteristic of Barred Parakeets is that they enjoy bathing and being misted with water. Barred Parakeets notably enjoy these mist baths; they will hang upside down and open their wings eagerly. Pet Linnies are also known to have a unique trait of liking to burrow or hide in or under clothing for hours on end and will sometimes fall asleep in their found hiding places.
These birds are also known for their ability to talk and imitate noises. Not all individuals will speak and normally the male of the species is more vocal but there are ways to increase the chance of your bird learning words or sounds including:
Sometimes they will mimic a specific person’s tone, normally the person they spend the most time with. They might additionally learn to imitate noises that are undesirable for them to repeat like bodily functions or swears. Unwanted vocalizations can be minimised by not rewarding the bird with laughter or attention and/or redirecting by getting the bird to perform another known trick like “stepping up”.
Common toxic foods include avocado and guacamole, caffeine, fruit pits and apple seeds (contain amounts of cyanide), persimmons, onions (prolonged exposure can lead to a blood condition called hemolytic anemia), mushrooms (fungi should be avoided at all costs; it causes digestion problems and can induce liver failure), dried/uncooked beans (contain hemaglutin, a poison toxic to birds), the stems/vines/leaves of tomatoes (the actual fruit is fine), and eggplant.
Parrot
Parrots, also known as psittacines , are birds of the roughly 372 species in 86 genera that make up the order Psittaciformes, found in most tropical and subtropical regions. The order is subdivided into three families: the Psittacidae , the Cacatuidae and the Strigopidae...
found disjunctly
Disjunct distribution
In biology, a taxon with a disjunct distribution is one that has two or more groups that are related but widely separated from each other geographically...
in highland forests from southern Mexico
Mexico
The United Mexican States , commonly known as Mexico , is a federal constitutional republic in North America. It is bordered on the north by the United States; on the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the east by the Gulf of...
to Panama
Panama
Panama , officially the Republic of Panama , is the southernmost country of Central America. Situated on the isthmus connecting North and South America, it is bordered by Costa Rica to the northwest, Colombia to the southeast, the Caribbean Sea to the north and the Pacific Ocean to the south. The...
, in the Andes
Andes
The Andes is the world's longest continental mountain range. It is a continual range of highlands along the western coast of South America. This range is about long, about to wide , and of an average height of about .Along its length, the Andes is split into several ranges, which are separated...
from western Venezuela
Venezuela
Venezuela , officially called the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela , is a tropical country on the northern coast of South America. It borders Colombia to the west, Guyana to the east, and Brazil to the south...
to southern Peru
Peru
Peru , officially the Republic of Peru , is a country in western South America. It is bordered on the north by Ecuador and Colombia, on the east by Brazil, on the southeast by Bolivia, on the south by Chile, and on the west by the Pacific Ocean....
, the Santa Marta Mountains in Colombia
Colombia
Colombia, officially the Republic of Colombia , is a unitary constitutional republic comprising thirty-two departments. The country is located in northwestern South America, bordered to the east by Venezuela and Brazil; to the south by Ecuador and Peru; to the north by the Caribbean Sea; to the...
and the Venezuelan Coastal Range
Venezuelan Coastal Range
The Venezuelan Coastal Range is a mountain range that runs along the central and eastern portions of Venezuela's northern coast...
. Its plumage is mostly green with multiple black and dark green stripes or bars, and it has a pale-horn coloured beak. The dark stripes vary in prominence between its two subspecies. Several colour mutants are available in aviculture.
Taxonomy
There are two subspecies of the Barred Parakeet:- Bolborhynchus lineola (Cassin 1853)
- Bolborhynchus lineola lineola (Cassin 1853)
- Bolborhynchus lineola tigrinus (Souance 1856) - more prominent dark stripes
Description
Habitat and status
Their habitat is the forests and mountains up to 2000 m above sea level or so. They spend some of their time on the ground, but sleep high in the trees. They are tolerant to cold and have been seen taking snow baths.The Barred Parakeet has a very range in central and South America, and it has a large population that is thought to be stable.
Some distinct stripes are found, that give them an irrisistable nature.
Behavior and breeding
There are usually four to five eggs in a clutch, which hatch after about 18–21 days of incubation. Chicks leave the nest at about five weeks after hatching.Lineolated parakeets are found in the wild in groups of six to thirty, although bigger groups (up to 150 birds) are known. They eat fruit, dried and germinated seeds, and insect larvae.
Lineolated parakeets are known for their calm dispositions and peculiar postures. Unlike many birds, lineolateds typically rest in a near horizontal position with their heads almost in line with their tails. They are generally very calm birds and typically mumble quietly, and their calls are not high-pitched or piercing to the ear.
Aviculture
Barred parakeets are popular as petPet
A pet is a household animal kept for companionship and a person's enjoyment, as opposed to wild animals or to livestock, laboratory animals, working animals or sport animals, which are kept for economic or productive reasons. The most popular pets are noted for their loyal or playful...
s because of their quiet and even-tempered disposition, and also because many colour mutations are available. Blue, cobalt, turquoise, mauve, lutino, creamino, cinnamon, golden, pied, silver and violet birds are bred in aviculture. Their average lifespan is about 10 years, but individual birds have been known to live up to 15 years. They are talented mimics of human speech.
Common colors are mainly greens (olive, dark), cobalt, turquoise, grey (also known as mauve), and yellow (or lutino). Dilutes are also available, which generally mark the presence of lighter colors and lighter stripes.
One of the most recognizable and entertaining characteristic of Barred Parakeets is that they enjoy bathing and being misted with water. Barred Parakeets notably enjoy these mist baths; they will hang upside down and open their wings eagerly. Pet Linnies are also known to have a unique trait of liking to burrow or hide in or under clothing for hours on end and will sometimes fall asleep in their found hiding places.
Learning to talk
Linneolated parakeets are known for their soft chatter and low noise levels making them ideal apartment pets. They can sometimes make louder noises but this is normally due to distress or their food dish running low.These birds are also known for their ability to talk and imitate noises. Not all individuals will speak and normally the male of the species is more vocal but there are ways to increase the chance of your bird learning words or sounds including:
- Start when the birds are young. Normally they learn the most words while they are less than two years old or moved into a new environment.
- Use imitation games where you start by rewarding the bird after it imitates you making a noise that the bird is already known to make and then you move on to words or noises once the bird has caught on to the game.
- Say phrases in an excited noise or when the bird is in an excited state.
- Have your bird spend time with a bird that is a known talker, especially if it is the same species.
Sometimes they will mimic a specific person’s tone, normally the person they spend the most time with. They might additionally learn to imitate noises that are undesirable for them to repeat like bodily functions or swears. Unwanted vocalizations can be minimised by not rewarding the bird with laughter or attention and/or redirecting by getting the bird to perform another known trick like “stepping up”.
Food for pets
Pellets are an ideal base for not only lineolated parakeets, but for many other pet birds as well as it contains many of the essential vitamins and nutrients birds need. Seeds should be fed as a branch of the diet but not as a staple, as a seed-based diet can cause obesity, malnutrition, and kidney failure. Green-leaved vegetables such as kale, collard greens, and turnip greens, as well as broccoli, carrot, and cauliflower are readily consumed. Common fruits that can be offered include banana, papaya, apple, apricot, and orange. Eggs, scrambled or boiled (along with the shell) are an excellent source of protein and calcium. Hemp, roasted soybeans, potatoes, green peas, strawberries, coconut, pumpkin seed, alfalfa, and sunflower seeds are other foods that are consumable. It is good to offer different foods to keep the diet balanced and it keeps them from getting bored but if they seem reluctant to eat a particular food you can pretend to eat it yourself and offer it again.Toxic foods
Do not feed your bird anything high in salt, sugar, and fat. Table salt, cooking spray, donuts, chocolate, etc. should never be fed.Common toxic foods include avocado and guacamole, caffeine, fruit pits and apple seeds (contain amounts of cyanide), persimmons, onions (prolonged exposure can lead to a blood condition called hemolytic anemia), mushrooms (fungi should be avoided at all costs; it causes digestion problems and can induce liver failure), dried/uncooked beans (contain hemaglutin, a poison toxic to birds), the stems/vines/leaves of tomatoes (the actual fruit is fine), and eggplant.
External links
- World Parrot Trust Parrot Encyclopedia - Species Profiles
- Feeding
- http://www.cajunbirds.com/id39.html
- http://aymara.cz