Aspotogan Peninsula
Encyclopedia
The Aspotogan Peninsula is a peninsula
Peninsula
A peninsula is a piece of land that is bordered by water on three sides but connected to mainland. In many Germanic and Celtic languages and also in Baltic, Slavic and Hungarian, peninsulas are called "half-islands"....

 in the eastern part of Lunenburg County
Lunenburg County, Nova Scotia
Lunenburg County is a county located on the South Shore of the Canadian province of Nova Scotia, It ranges from Hubbards to the east and Vogler's Cove to the west.-History:...

, Nova Scotia
Nova Scotia
Nova Scotia is one of Canada's three Maritime provinces and is the most populous province in Atlantic Canada. The name of the province is Latin for "New Scotland," but "Nova Scotia" is the recognized, English-language name of the province. The provincial capital is Halifax. Nova Scotia is the...

, situated between St. Margarets Bay
St. Margarets Bay, Nova Scotia
St. Margarets Bay is a Canadian bay located on the Atlantic coast of Nova Scotia on the border of the Halifax Regional Municipality and Lunenburg County .-Description:...

 in the east from Mahone Bay
Mahone Bay
Mahone Bay is a bay located on the Atlantic coast of Nova Scotia, Canada along the eastern end of Lunenburg County.Opening south directly onto the Atlantic, its eastern shore is formed by the Aspotogan Peninsula and its western shore is formed by the First Peninsula...

 in the west. The Peninsula was originally settled by second generation French immigrants on the eastside of the Aspotogan and second generation German immigrants on the westside of the Aspotogan. Traditionally fishing was a major industry around the bay, but farming, shipping, and lumbering were also important.

Communities

The coast of the Aspotogan Peninsula is dotted with a number of small fishing and tourist-related communities; Hubbards
Hubbards, Nova Scotia
Hubbards is an unincorporated Canadian rural community on the South Shore of Nova Scotia.-Geography:Hubbards is located on the eastern side of the Aspotogan Peninsula, and along the northern shore of St. Margarets Bay...

 in the northeast being the largest. Other communities going west around the peninsula are Fox Point
Fox Point, Nova Scotia
Fox Point, is a community in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia, located on the Aspotogan Peninsula in the Chester Municipal District on the Lighthouse Route .- History :...

, Mill Cove
Mill Cove, Nova Scotia
Mill Cove is a community in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia, located in the Chester Municipal District on the Aspotogan Peninsula on the Lighthouse Route...

, Birchy Head, The Lodge
The Lodge, Nova Scotia
The Lodge is a small community in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia, located in the Chester Municipal District on the Aspotogan Peninsula on the Lighthouse Route . Many residents are members of the Verge or Harnish family lines....

, Northwest Cove
Northwest Cove, Nova Scotia
Northwest Cove, is a community in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia, located in the Chester Municipal District on the Aspotogan Peninsula on the Lighthouse Route ....

, Southwest Cove
Southwest Cove, Lunenburg County, Nova Scotia
Southwest Cove is a Canadian rural community located in Lunenburg County, Nova Scotia.The community is located on the Aspotogan Peninsula and is administratively part of the Chester Municipal District, the municipality that covers the eastern half of Lunenburg County...

, Aspotogan
Aspotogan, Nova Scotia
Aspotogan is a small fishing community in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia, located in the Chester Municipal District on the Aspotogan Peninsula....

, Bayswater
Bayswater, Nova Scotia
Bayswater is a community in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia, located in the Chester Municipal District on the Aspotogan Peninsula on the Lighthouse Route .- History :...

, New Harbour
New Harbour (Chester), Nova Scotia
New Harbour is a small community in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia, located in the Chester Municipal District on the Aspotogan Peninsula on the Lighthouse Route .-References:*...

, Blandford
Blandford, Nova Scotia
Blandford is a community in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia, located in the Chester Municipal District on the Aspotogan Peninsula on the Lighthouse Route...

, Upper Blandford
Upper Blandford, Nova Scotia
Upper Blandford is a small community in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia, located in the Chester Municipal District on the Aspotogan Peninsula on the Lighthouse Route .-References:*...

, Deep Cove
Deep Cove, Nova Scotia
Deep Cove is a community in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia, located in the Chester Municipal District on the Aspotogan Peninsula on the Lighthouse Route .-References:Endnotes*...

, and East River
East River, Nova Scotia
East River is a community in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia, located in the Chester Municipal District on the Aspotogan Peninsula on the Lighthouse Route at the junction of and Trunk 3.- History :...

.

Route 329
Nova Scotia Route 329
Route 329 is a collector road in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia.It is located in Lunenburg County and connects East River at Trunk 3 with Hubbards at Trunk 3.It runs around the perimeter of the Aspotogan Peninsula.-Communities:*East River...

 circles the peninsula along the coast while Trunk 3 and Highway 103
Nova Scotia Highway 103
Highway 103 is an east-west highway in Nova Scotia that runs from Halifax to Yarmouth.The highway follows a route of approximately 300 km along the province's South Shore region fronting the Atlantic coast. The route parallels its predecessor, local Trunk 3...

 pass to the north.

History: Eighteenth century

The name Aspotogan is a corruption of Ashmutogun or Ukpudeskakun meaning “block the passage way or where the seals go in and out”. Along with the Mi'kmaq, there were primarily three strains of immigrants who settled the Aspotogan Peninsula: first the Newfoundland Irish
Newfoundland Irish
Newfoundland Irish is an extinct dialect of the Irish language specific to the island of Newfoundland, Canada. It was very similar to Munster Irish, as spoken in the southeast of Ireland, due to mass immigration from the counties Waterford, Wexford, Kilkenny, Tipperary, and Cork.-Irish settlement...

 (1750s), then the New England Planters
New England Planters
The New England Planters were settlers from the New England colonies who responded to invitations by the lieutenant governor of Nova Scotia, Charles Lawrence, to settle lands left vacant by the Bay of Fundy Campaign of the Acadian Expulsion...

 arrived from Chester, Nova Scotia
Chester, Nova Scotia
Chester is an incorporated Canadian village located in and part of Nova Scotia's Chester Municipal District in the southeastern part of Lunenburg County.-History:...

 (1760s) and, finally, second generation Foreign Protestants
Foreign Protestants
The "Foreign Protestants" were a group of immigrants to Nova Scotia in the mid-18th century and the ethnonymical basis behind the name "New Brunswick", as well as support behind naming "Prince Edward Island" for a representative of the Braunschweiger dynasty....

 arrived from French Village, Nova Scotia
French Village, Nova Scotia
French Village is a community of the Halifax Regional Municipality in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia on Chebucto Peninsula. French village initially included present day villages of Tantallon, Glen Haven and French Village...

 and Lunenburg, Nova Scotia
Lunenburg, Nova Scotia
Lunenburg , is a Canadian port town in Lunenburg County, Nova Scotia.Situated on the province's South Shore, Lunenburg is located on a peninsula at the western side of Mahone Bay. The town is approximately 90 kilometres southwest of the county boundary with the Halifax Regional Municipality.The...

 (1780s). The community of Blandford, Nova Scotia
Blandford, Nova Scotia
Blandford is a community in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia, located in the Chester Municipal District on the Aspotogan Peninsula on the Lighthouse Route...

 was the first community on the Aspotogan to be settled. The first recorded school house was built in Mill Cove, Nova Scotia
Mill Cove, Nova Scotia
Mill Cove is a community in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia, located in the Chester Municipal District on the Aspotogan Peninsula on the Lighthouse Route...

 (before 1833).

Mi'kmaq

The Aspotogan was first settled by Mi’kmaq who were a nomadic people. Mi’kmaq sites have been found in Fox Point, Northwest Cove, the village of Aspotogan and East River. They would settle along the Atlantic coast in the summer and move in land to the lakes in the winter. They lived on the Aspotogan until the beginning of World War II (1939).

Newfoundland Irish

The Acadians never lived on the Aspotogan Peninsula; however, their presence in Nova Scotia significantly influenced immigration to the colony. Even forty years after the British conquest of Nova Scotia (1710), the population of Nova Scotia was still dominated by Catholic Acadians (population 10, 000). To off set the Catholic population, with the founding of Halifax (1749), the British created an immigration policy to attract Protestants to the colony.

Apart from the Foreign Protestants, the first immigrants to settle the Aspotogan Peninsula may have been Newfoundland Irish, who were Catholics. By 1750, there were 3500 Newfoundland Irish
Newfoundland Irish
Newfoundland Irish is an extinct dialect of the Irish language specific to the island of Newfoundland, Canada. It was very similar to Munster Irish, as spoken in the southeast of Ireland, due to mass immigration from the counties Waterford, Wexford, Kilkenny, Tipperary, and Cork.-Irish settlement...

 in Nova Scotia. By 1767, there were 22 Newfoundland Irish Catholics living on the Peninsula. Those who settled in the Aspotogan Peninsula seemed to have left the area after a short time. There are only three family names that remain: Murphy, Keating and Carroll. The only other evidence of these early immigrants that remains are landmarks named after them such as Riley Point and Riley’s Lake in New Harbour, Nova Scotia
New Harbour, Nova Scotia
New Harbour, is a small community in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia, located in the Municipality of the District of Guysborough in Guysborough County.-References:Endnotes*...

 and Hollahan Lake in Deep Cove, Nova Scotia
Deep Cove, Nova Scotia
Deep Cove is a community in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia, located in the Chester Municipal District on the Aspotogan Peninsula on the Lighthouse Route .-References:Endnotes*...

. These Newfoundland Irish are sometimes referred to “three boaters”, moving from Ireland to Newfoundland, then to Nova Scotia, before finally settling in Boston.

New England Planters

Prior to 1767, the Protestants who settled the Aspotogan Peninsula were the New England Planters
New England Planters
The New England Planters were settlers from the New England colonies who responded to invitations by the lieutenant governor of Nova Scotia, Charles Lawrence, to settle lands left vacant by the Bay of Fundy Campaign of the Acadian Expulsion...

, primarily from Massachusetts. For these Protestants from New England, the Governor of Nova Scotia established Chester (1759). Some of these New England Planters eventually crossed Mahone Bay to settle on the Aspotogan Peninsula. Nova Scotia Lt. Governor Michael Franklin reported that by January 1, 1767, there were eleven American already living on the Peninsula.

According to Nova Scotia Lt. Governor Franklin’s return, by 1767 there were also 62 English living on the Aspotogan. The identities and location of the English who migrated to the Peninsula are unknown. They may have been associated with English names such as Hubbards and Blandford. It is unknown if after the American Revolution (1783), Loyalists from America settled on the Peninsula.

Foreign Protestants

After 1767, a significant strain of immigrants to settle the Aspotogan Peninsula was Foreign Protestants
Foreign Protestants
The "Foreign Protestants" were a group of immigrants to Nova Scotia in the mid-18th century and the ethnonymical basis behind the name "New Brunswick", as well as support behind naming "Prince Edward Island" for a representative of the Braunschweiger dynasty....

, both German and French speaking. Upon the founding of Halifax in 1749, Nova Scotia was a British Protestant colony with only Catholic Acadian settlers. In an attempt to assimilate the Catholic Acadians, the British invited Protestants from across Europe to settle in Nova Scotia. Between 1750-1753, over 2500 “Foreign Protestants” had arrived in Halifax. After living in Halifax for three years, Lunenburg was established for these “Foreign Protestants” (1753).

During the American Revolution
American Revolution
The American Revolution was the political upheaval during the last half of the 18th century in which thirteen colonies in North America joined together to break free from the British Empire, combining to become the United States of America...

 (1776–83), the Americans plundered Lunenburg, burning buildings and taking prisoners (1782). After the Raid on Lunenburg, many German speaking and French speaking residents left Lunenburg. Some German speaking residents went to nearby Rose Bay, while French speaking residents established French Village, Nova Scotia
French Village, Nova Scotia
French Village is a community of the Halifax Regional Municipality in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia on Chebucto Peninsula. French village initially included present day villages of Tantallon, Glen Haven and French Village...

 in St. Margaret’s Bay (1783). The westside of the Aspotogan Peninsula was first settled primarily by German's from Rose Bay, while the eastside of the Aspotogan was settled by the French crossing St. Margaret's bay from French Village. Part of the German tradition that remained on the Peninsula until the end of the twentieth century was the export of sauerkraut. Zinck p. 43-48

Notable residents

One of the most famous people to make Deep Cove their home was Cyrus Eaton, a millionaire industrialist. He invited guests to stay at his home such as the first astronaut in space, Yuri Gagarin
Yuri Gagarin
Yuri Alekseyevich Gagarin was a Soviet pilot and cosmonaut. He was the first human to journey into outer space, when his Vostok spacecraft completed an orbit of the Earth on April 12, 1961....

.

Tourism

During the 1800s tourism increased and Hubbards became a regular stopping place for the stagecoach. The Halifax and Southwestern Railway
Halifax and Southwestern Railway
The Halifax and Southwestern Railway was a historic Canadian railway operating in the province of Nova Scotia. The H&SW was created in spring 1901 when William Mackenzie and Donald Mann approached the provincial government with plans to finish the abortive plans for a railway from Halifax to...

 between Halifax and Yarmouth, completed in 1905, carried both passengers and freight and crossed the base of the peninsula. This provided easy rail access for visitors to the scenic splendor and beaches of the area and made the Aspotogan Peninsula a popular tourist destination.
Many hotels and cottages were established during this period, including The Gainsborough.

In 1969, Highway 103
Nova Scotia Highway 103
Highway 103 is an east-west highway in Nova Scotia that runs from Halifax to Yarmouth.The highway follows a route of approximately 300 km along the province's South Shore region fronting the Atlantic coast. The route parallels its predecessor, local Trunk 3...

 was completed linking Hubbards to Halifax with a 2-lane controlled-access highway. With a driving time of only 45 minutes, more residents began to commute to Halifax for work. Reasonable land prices and the opportunity to live in a rural setting also encouraged many city dwellers to move to the area.

Tourism continues to be an important contributor to the local economy, drawing people from all over the world. Local bed and breakfast operators and inns, restaurants, and campgrounds are busy during the summer months. The Shore Club
Shore Club
The Shore Club is located in Hubbards, Nova Scotia and was opened in 1946. Now in the third generation of owners, Shore Club is the home of the "Original Nova Scotian Lobster Supper" and is also the "Last of the Great Dance Halls" built after the second world war.-History:Roy Harnish started...

, which recently celebrated its 50th Anniversary, remains one of the last great dance halls in the area and is well-known for its Saturday night dances and lobster
Lobster
Clawed lobsters comprise a family of large marine crustaceans. Highly prized as seafood, lobsters are economically important, and are often one of the most profitable commodities in coastal areas they populate.Though several groups of crustaceans are known as lobsters, the clawed lobsters are most...

 suppers.

Military

Regiments were raised on the Aspotogan to defend against possible Fenian Raids
Fenian raids
Between 1866 and 1871, the Fenian raids of the Fenian Brotherhood who were based in the United States; on British army forts, customs posts and other targets in Canada, were fought to bring pressure on Britain to withdraw from Ireland. They divided many Catholic Irish-Canadians, many of whom were...

, such as the regiment at Blandford, Nova Scotia
Blandford, Nova Scotia
Blandford is a community in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia, located in the Chester Municipal District on the Aspotogan Peninsula on the Lighthouse Route...

.

During World War I, the military built a forty foot look off at the peak of the Aspotogan mountain.

The Gainsborough hotel was sold to the federal government in 1944 and was used as part of the St. Margaret’s Bay Training School for the Canadian Merchant Navy
Canadian Merchant Navy
Canada, like several other Commonwealth nations, created its own Merchant Navy in a large-scale effort during World War II. Within hours of Canada's declaration of war on September 10, 1939, the Canadian government passed laws to create the Canadian Merchant Navy setting out rules and controls to...

. (In 1969, the J.D. Shatford Library was built on the site.)

In 1967, Canadian Forces Station Mill Cove
CFS Mill Cove
Canadian Forces Station Mill Cove is a former Canadian Forces Station and currently a naval radio station in Nova Scotia operated by the Canadian Forces.-History:...

 (CFS Mill Cove) was opened to provide a naval radio communications receiving station for Maritime Forces Atlantic
Maritime Forces Atlantic
In the Canadian Forces, Maritime Forces Atlantic is responsible for the fleet and operations of the Royal Canadian Navy in the Atlantic Ocean and Arctic Ocean. The Commander of MARLANT is a two-star Rear Admiral....

. The radio station consisted of approximately 4000 acres (16.2 km²) of land, private married quarters, and administration buildings. The complex was a major employer and contributor to the local economy until it was automated in the late 1990s.

Film, television and literature

In 1994, the Aspotogan Heritage Trust was created to oversee the renovation and re-population of the land and buildings that were decommissioned at CFS Mill Cove following the automation of the receiver station. The Trust markets these assets as Mill Cove Park and includes the province’s first dedicated sound stage
Sound stage
In common usage, a sound stage is a soundproof, hangar-like structure, building, or room, used for the production of theatrical filmmaking and television production, usually located on a secure movie studio property.-Overview:...

 (established in 1996) in the former administration and gymnasium buildings. More than $40 million of film and TV production took place at this sound stage over a 5-year period, including filming for the CBC Television
Canadian Broadcasting Corporation
The Canadian Broadcasting Corporation, commonly known as CBC and officially as CBC/Radio-Canada, is a Canadian crown corporation that serves as the national public radio and television broadcaster...

 series Black Harbour
Black Harbour
Black Harbour is a Canadian television series, which ran on CBC Television from 1996 to 1999.The show starred Rebecca Jenkins as Katherine Hubbard, a successful restaurant owner who returned to live in her Nova Scotia hometown to be with her mother who had suffered a heart attack. Her husband...

and Blackfly
Blackfly
Blackfly, black-fly, or black fly may refer to:*Black fly, a fly of the family Simuliidae*Blackfly , a 2001 Canadian comedy series*Aphid or blackfly...

.

The Hollywood film High Tide at Noon
High Tide at Noon
High Tide at Noon is a 1957 British drama film directed by Philip Leacock. It was entered into the 1957 Cannes Film Festival.-Cast:* Betta St...

(1957) was filmed at Northwest Cove, Nova Scotia
Northwest Cove, Nova Scotia
Northwest Cove, is a community in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia, located in the Chester Municipal District on the Aspotogan Peninsula on the Lighthouse Route ....

 while The Shipping News
The Shipping News (film)
The Shipping News is a 2001 drama film directed by Lasse Hallström, based on the Pulitzer Prize winning novel by E. Annie Proulx.It stars Kevin Spacey as the protagonist Quoyle, Judi Dench as Agnis Hamm and Julianne Moore as Wavey Prowse...

with Kevin Spacey was filmed in Blandford, Nova Scotia.

Author Frank Parker Day
Frank Parker Day
Frank Parker Day was a Canadian athlete, academic and author....

 lived on East Ironbound, an island which is just off the shore of Blandford, Nova Scotia
Blandford, Nova Scotia
Blandford is a community in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia, located in the Chester Municipal District on the Aspotogan Peninsula on the Lighthouse Route...

. He based his bestselling novel Rockbound
Rockbound
Rockbound is a novel published in 1928 by Canadian writer Frank Parker Day.-Overview:The "Rockbound" mentioned in the title is an island off the coast of Nova Scotia. Surrounded by rich but dangerous fishing grounds, Rockbound is isolated by storms, fog and winter weather...

on his experience on the island

Kirsten Dunst and Lynn Redgrave filmed Deeply
Deeply
Deeply is a 2000 movie directed by Sheri Elwood, starring Julia Brendler, Lynn Redgrave and Kirsten Dunst.-Synopsis:Claire McKay —having suffered the death of her boyfriend—is brought by her mother to Ironbound Island in the hopes that time away from the city will allow her to recover emotionally...

on East Ironbound.
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