Antanas Juška
Encyclopedia
Antanas Juška was a Roman Catholic pastor
, lexicographer, folklorist, and musicologist.
Born in the village of Daujotai, near Kaunas
, Lithuania
, he graduated from the Vilnius Theological Seminary and was ordained in 1843. He compiled about 70,000 Lithuanian language
words in a dictionary, using his personal experience in the districts of Veliuona
and Vilkija
. These works were published in part by the Russian Academy of Science in St. Petersburg. The dictionary remains valuable for its inclusion of the language as it existed at the time, often in the form of entire phrases. He also wrote three unpublished dictionaries: Polish–Lithuanian, Latvian–Lithuanian–Polish, and Lithuanian–Polish.
Juška recorded about 7,000 Lithuanian folk songs. He circumvented the Lithuanian press ban
in effect at the time, forbidding the printed use of the Lithuanian language using the Latin alphabet
, by appealing to Professor Baudouin de Courtenay. Notably, he wrote song lyrics in their original dialect and included the singers' names and the songs' contexts.
Pastor
The word pastor usually refers to an ordained leader of a Christian congregation. When used as an ecclesiastical styling or title, this role may be abbreviated to "Pr." or often "Ps"....
, lexicographer, folklorist, and musicologist.
Born in the village of Daujotai, near Kaunas
Kaunas
Kaunas is the second-largest city in Lithuania and has historically been a leading centre of Lithuanian economic, academic, and cultural life. Kaunas was the biggest city and the center of a powiat in Trakai Voivodeship of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania since 1413. During Russian Empire occupation...
, Lithuania
Lithuania
Lithuania , officially the Republic of Lithuania is a country in Northern Europe, the biggest of the three Baltic states. It is situated along the southeastern shore of the Baltic Sea, whereby to the west lie Sweden and Denmark...
, he graduated from the Vilnius Theological Seminary and was ordained in 1843. He compiled about 70,000 Lithuanian language
Lithuanian language
Lithuanian is the official state language of Lithuania and is recognized as one of the official languages of the European Union. There are about 2.96 million native Lithuanian speakers in Lithuania and about 170,000 abroad. Lithuanian is a Baltic language, closely related to Latvian, although they...
words in a dictionary, using his personal experience in the districts of Veliuona
Veliuona
Veliuona is a small town on the Nemunas River in the Jurbarkas district municipality in Lithuania.Veliuona was first mentioned in 1291 in the chronicle of Peter of Duisburg....
and Vilkija
Vilkija
Vilkija is situated in the Kaunas district municipality, Lithuania. It is located north-west of Kaunas. It's right on the north side of the river Nemunas, the most important river in Lithuania....
. These works were published in part by the Russian Academy of Science in St. Petersburg. The dictionary remains valuable for its inclusion of the language as it existed at the time, often in the form of entire phrases. He also wrote three unpublished dictionaries: Polish–Lithuanian, Latvian–Lithuanian–Polish, and Lithuanian–Polish.
Juška recorded about 7,000 Lithuanian folk songs. He circumvented the Lithuanian press ban
Lithuanian press ban
The Lithuanian press ban was a ban on all Lithuanian language publications printed in the Latin alphabet within the Russian Empire, which controlled Lithuania at the time. Lithuanian-language publications that used the Cyrillic alphabet were allowed and even encouraged...
in effect at the time, forbidding the printed use of the Lithuanian language using the Latin alphabet
Latin alphabet
The Latin alphabet, also called the Roman alphabet, is the most recognized alphabet used in the world today. It evolved from a western variety of the Greek alphabet called the Cumaean alphabet, which was adopted and modified by the Etruscans who ruled early Rome...
, by appealing to Professor Baudouin de Courtenay. Notably, he wrote song lyrics in their original dialect and included the singers' names and the songs' contexts.