Achyuta Pisharati
Encyclopedia
Acyuta Piṣāraṭi was an Sanskrit grammar
ian, astrologer, astronomer and mathematician
who studied under Jyeṣṭhadeva and was a member of Mādhava of Sañgamāgrama
's Kerala school of astronomy and mathematics. He is remembered mainly for his part in the composition of his student Melpathur Narayana Bhattathiri
's devotional poem, Narayaneeyam.
'. He authored Sphuta-nirnaya , Raasi-gola-sphuta-neeti (raasi meaning zodiac
, gola meaning sphere and neeti roughly meaning rule), Karanottama (1593) and a four- chapter treatise Uparagakriyakrama on lunar and solar eclipse
s.
to take up the Brahmin's duties of prayer and religious practices. He accepted Narayana as his student. Later when Pisharoti was struck with paralysis (or rheumatism by another account), Narayana, unable to bear the pain of his dear guru, by way of Gurudakshina took the disease upon himself. As a result Pisharoti is said to have been cured, but no medicine could cure Narayana. As a last resort, Narayana went to Guruvayur and requested Thunchaththu Ramanujan Ezhuthachan
, a great devotee of Guruvayoorappan
, to suggest a remedy for his disease. Ramajunan Ezhuthachan advised him to compose a poetical work on the Avatars (incarnations) of Lord Vishnu beginning with that of Matsya (Fish). Narayana composed beautiful slokas in praise of Lord Guruvayurappan and recited them before the deity. He was soon cured of his disease.
The book of slokas written by Narayana were named Narayaneeyam. The day on which Narayana dedicated his Narayaneeyam to Sri Guruvayurappan is celebrated as "Narayaneeyam Dinam" every year at Guruvayur
.
Sanskrit grammar
The grammar of the Sanskrit language has a complex verbal system, rich nominal declension, and extensive use of compound nouns. It was studied and codified by Sanskrit grammarians from the later Vedic period , culminating in the Pāṇinian grammar of the 4th century BC.-Grammatical tradition:The...
ian, astrologer, astronomer and mathematician
Indian mathematics
Indian mathematics emerged in the Indian subcontinent from 1200 BCE until the end of the 18th century. In the classical period of Indian mathematics , important contributions were made by scholars like Aryabhata, Brahmagupta, and Bhaskara II. The decimal number system in use today was first...
who studied under Jyeṣṭhadeva and was a member of Mādhava of Sañgamāgrama
Madhava of Sangamagrama
Mādhava of Sañgamāgrama was a prominent Kerala mathematician-astronomer from the town of Irińńālakkuţa near Cochin, Kerala, India. He is considered the founder of the Kerala School of Astronomy and Mathematics...
's Kerala school of astronomy and mathematics. He is remembered mainly for his part in the composition of his student Melpathur Narayana Bhattathiri
Melpathur Narayana Bhattathiri
Melpathur Narayana Bhattathiri , third student of Achyuta Pisharati, was of Madhava of Sangamagrama's Kerala school of astronomy and mathematics. He was a mathematical linguist . His most important scholarly work, Prkriya-sarvawom, sets forth an axiomatic system elaborating on the classical system...
's devotional poem, Narayaneeyam.
Works
He discovered the technique of 'the reduction of the eclipticEcliptic
The ecliptic is the plane of the earth's orbit around the sun. In more accurate terms, it is the intersection of the celestial sphere with the ecliptic plane, which is the geometric plane containing the mean orbit of the Earth around the Sun...
'. He authored Sphuta-nirnaya , Raasi-gola-sphuta-neeti (raasi meaning zodiac
Zodiac
In astronomy, the zodiac is a circle of twelve 30° divisions of celestial longitude which are centred upon the ecliptic: the apparent path of the Sun across the celestial sphere over the course of the year...
, gola meaning sphere and neeti roughly meaning rule), Karanottama (1593) and a four- chapter treatise Uparagakriyakrama on lunar and solar eclipse
Eclipse
An eclipse is an astronomical event that occurs when an astronomical object is temporarily obscured, either by passing into the shadow of another body or by having another body pass between it and the viewer...
s.
- Praveśaka
- An introduction to Sanskrit grammar.
- Karaṇottama
- Astronomical work dealing with the computation of the mean and true longitudes of the planets, with eclipses, and with the vyatūpātas of the sun and moon.
- Uparāgakriyākrama (1593)
- Treatise on lunar and solar eclipses.
- Sphuṭanirṇaya
- Astronomical text.
- Chāyāṣṭaka
- Astronomical text.
- Uparāgaviṃśati
- Manual on the computation of eclipses.
- Rāśigolasphuṭānūti
- Work concerned with the reduction of the moon’s true longitude in its own orbit to the ecliptic.
- Veṇvārohavyākhyā
- Malayalam commentary on the Veṇvāroha of Mādhava of SañgamāgramaMadhava of SangamagramaMādhava of Sañgamāgrama was a prominent Kerala mathematician-astronomer from the town of Irińńālakkuţa near Cochin, Kerala, India. He is considered the founder of the Kerala School of Astronomy and Mathematics...
(ca. 1340–1425) written at the request of Netranārāyaṇa.
- Malayalam commentary on the Veṇvāroha of Mādhava of Sañgamāgrama
- Horāsāroccaya
- An adaptation of the Jātakapaddhati of ŚrīpatiSripatiŚrīpati was an Indian astronomer and mathematician, the author of Dhikotidakarana , a work of twenty verses on solar and lunar eclipses; Dhruvamanasa , a work of 105 verses on calculating planetary longitudes, eclipses and planetary transits; Siddhantasekhara a major work on astronomy in 19...
.
- An adaptation of the Jātakapaddhati of Śrīpati
Narayaneeyam
Pisharati is known to have scolded and provoked an errant NarayanaMelpathur Narayana Bhattathiri
Melpathur Narayana Bhattathiri , third student of Achyuta Pisharati, was of Madhava of Sangamagrama's Kerala school of astronomy and mathematics. He was a mathematical linguist . His most important scholarly work, Prkriya-sarvawom, sets forth an axiomatic system elaborating on the classical system...
to take up the Brahmin's duties of prayer and religious practices. He accepted Narayana as his student. Later when Pisharoti was struck with paralysis (or rheumatism by another account), Narayana, unable to bear the pain of his dear guru, by way of Gurudakshina took the disease upon himself. As a result Pisharoti is said to have been cured, but no medicine could cure Narayana. As a last resort, Narayana went to Guruvayur and requested Thunchaththu Ramanujan Ezhuthachan
Thunchaththu Ramanujan Ezhuthachan
Thunjathu Ramanujan Ezhuthachan was an Indian poet from around the 16th century, known as the father of the Malayalam language — the principal language of the Indian state of Kerala, spoken by 36 million people in the world...
, a great devotee of Guruvayoorappan
Guruvayoorappan
Guruvayurappan Guruvayurappan Guruvayurappan (Malayalam: , (transliterated guruvāyūrappan), also often written Guruvayoorappan, is a form of Vishnu worshipped and held in reverence by Hindus, predominantly in South India. This is located in the town of Guruvayur, Kerala, India...
, to suggest a remedy for his disease. Ramajunan Ezhuthachan advised him to compose a poetical work on the Avatars (incarnations) of Lord Vishnu beginning with that of Matsya (Fish). Narayana composed beautiful slokas in praise of Lord Guruvayurappan and recited them before the deity. He was soon cured of his disease.
The book of slokas written by Narayana were named Narayaneeyam. The day on which Narayana dedicated his Narayaneeyam to Sri Guruvayurappan is celebrated as "Narayaneeyam Dinam" every year at Guruvayur
Guruvayur
Guruvayur is a municipal town in Thrissur District, of Kerala State in India. It houses the famous Guruvayur Sree Krishna Temple, the fourth biggest temple in India in terms of the number of devotees per day.-History:Guruvayur, according to the legends may be 5,000 years old as the Guruvayur...
.