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8th Century

 
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8th century
 
 
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The 8th century is the period from 701
701

Events...
 to 800
800

Sorry, no overview for this topic
 in accordance with the Julian calendar
Julian calendar

The Julian calendar, a reform of the Roman calendar, was introduced by Julius Caesar in 46 BC, and came into force in 45 BC . It was chosen after consultation with the astronomer Sosigenes of Alexandria and was probably designed to approximate the tropical year, known at least since Hipparchus....
 in the Christian/Common Era
Common Era

Common Era, abbreviated as CE, is a designation for the calendar system most commonly used in the Western world, and also internationally, for numbering the year part of the calendar date....
.

ng this century the Middle East
Middle East

File:GreaterMiddleEast1.pngThe Middle East is a region that spans southwestern Asia, western Asia, and northeastern Africa. It has no clear boundaries, often used as a synonym to Near East, in opposition to Far East....
, the coast of North Africa
North Africa

North Africa or Northern Africa is the northernmost region of the African continent, separated by the Sahara from Sub-Saharan Africa.Geopolitically, the United Nations subregion of Northern Africa includes the following seven countries or territories:...
 and the Iberian
Iberian

Iberian refers to Iberia , which has two basic meanings, the disused, of Caucasian Iberia , and the modern sense of someone or something originating in the Iberian Peninsula, namely from Portugal and Spain....
 Peninsula comes rapidly under Islamic Arab
Arab

An Arab is a person who Identity as such on linguistic or cultural grounds. The plural form, Arabs , refers to the Ethnocultural group at large....
 domination. The westward expansion of the Arab Empire
Arab Empire

Islamic Empire may refer to*the Caliphates of the early Middle Ages:**Rashidun Caliphate **Umayyad Caliphate - Successor of the Rashidun Caliphate...
 is famously halted at the Siege of Constantinople
Siege of Constantinople (718)

The Second Arab Siege of Constantinople was a combined land and sea effort by the Arabs to take the capital city of the Byzantine Empire, Constantinople....
 by the Bulgarians
Bulgarians

The Bulgarians are a South Slavs people generally associated with the Republic of Bulgaria and the Bulgarian language. Emigration has resulted in Bulgarian minorities or immigrant communities in a number of other countries....
 and the Byzantines and the Battle of Tours
Battle of Tours

The Battle of Tours , also called the Battle of Poitiers and in Battle of Court of The Martyrs, was fought in an area between the cities of Poitiers and Tours, near the village of Moussais-la-Bataille about north of Poitiers....
 by the Franks
Franks

The Franks or Frankish people were a West Germanic ethnic group first identified in the 3rd century as living north and east of the Lower Rhine River....
. The tide of Arab conquest came to an end in the middle of the 8th century.






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The 8th century is the period from 701
701

Events...
 to 800
800

Sorry, no overview for this topic
 in accordance with the Julian calendar
Julian calendar

The Julian calendar, a reform of the Roman calendar, was introduced by Julius Caesar in 46 BC, and came into force in 45 BC . It was chosen after consultation with the astronomer Sosigenes of Alexandria and was probably designed to approximate the tropical year, known at least since Hipparchus....
 in the Christian/Common Era
Common Era

Common Era, abbreviated as CE, is a designation for the calendar system most commonly used in the Western world, and also internationally, for numbering the year part of the calendar date....
.

Overview

During this century the Middle East
Middle East

File:GreaterMiddleEast1.pngThe Middle East is a region that spans southwestern Asia, western Asia, and northeastern Africa. It has no clear boundaries, often used as a synonym to Near East, in opposition to Far East....
, the coast of North Africa
North Africa

North Africa or Northern Africa is the northernmost region of the African continent, separated by the Sahara from Sub-Saharan Africa.Geopolitically, the United Nations subregion of Northern Africa includes the following seven countries or territories:...
 and the Iberian
Iberian

Iberian refers to Iberia , which has two basic meanings, the disused, of Caucasian Iberia , and the modern sense of someone or something originating in the Iberian Peninsula, namely from Portugal and Spain....
 Peninsula comes rapidly under Islamic Arab
Arab

An Arab is a person who Identity as such on linguistic or cultural grounds. The plural form, Arabs , refers to the Ethnocultural group at large....
 domination. The westward expansion of the Arab Empire
Arab Empire

Islamic Empire may refer to*the Caliphates of the early Middle Ages:**Rashidun Caliphate **Umayyad Caliphate - Successor of the Rashidun Caliphate...
 is famously halted at the Siege of Constantinople
Siege of Constantinople (718)

The Second Arab Siege of Constantinople was a combined land and sea effort by the Arabs to take the capital city of the Byzantine Empire, Constantinople....
 by the Bulgarians
Bulgarians

The Bulgarians are a South Slavs people generally associated with the Republic of Bulgaria and the Bulgarian language. Emigration has resulted in Bulgarian minorities or immigrant communities in a number of other countries....
 and the Byzantines and the Battle of Tours
Battle of Tours

The Battle of Tours , also called the Battle of Poitiers and in Battle of Court of The Martyrs, was fought in an area between the cities of Poitiers and Tours, near the village of Moussais-la-Bataille about north of Poitiers....
 by the Franks
Franks

The Franks or Frankish people were a West Germanic ethnic group first identified in the 3rd century as living north and east of the Lower Rhine River....
. The tide of Arab conquest came to an end in the middle of the 8th century. Late in the century the Vikings, seafaring peoples from Scandinavia
Scandinavia

Scandinavia is a historical and geographical subregion in northern Europe that includes the Scandinavian Peninsula. It consists of the kingdoms of Norway, Sweden, and Denmark; some authorities also include Finland and some might even include Iceland....
 begin raiding the coasts of Europe
Europe

Europe is, conventionally, one of the world's seven continents. Comprising the westernmost peninsula of Eurasia, Europe is generally divided from Asia to its east by the water divide of the Ural Mountains, the Ural , the Caspian Sea, and by the Caucasus Mountains to the southeast....
 and the Mediterranean creating a terrifying legacy. They go on to found several important kingdoms.

The Pala Empire
Pala Empire

The Pala Empire was a dynasty in control of the northern and eastern Indian subcontinent, mainly the Bihar and Bengal regions, from the 8th to the 12th century....
 is founded in Bengal
Bengal

Bengal , is a historical and geographical region in the northeast of South Asia. Today it is mainly divided between the independent sovereign nation of the Bangladesh and the state of West Bengal in India, although some regions of the previous kingdoms of Bengal are now part of the neighboring Indian states of Bihar, Assam, Tripura and Oris...
. Chinese
China

China is a Culture of China, an ancient civilization, and, depending on perspective, a national or multinational entity extending over a large area in East Asia....
 Emperor Xuanzong
Emperor Xuanzong of Tang

Emperor Xuanzong of Tang , also commonly known as Emperor Ming of Tang , personal name Li Longji , known as Wu Longji from 690 to 705, was the seventh emperor of the Tang dynasty in China, reigning from 712 to 756....
 of brings the Tang Dynasty
Tang Dynasty

The Tang Dynasty was an Dynasties in Chinese history preceded by the Sui Dynasty and followed by the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period. It was founded by the Li family, who seized power during the decline and collapse of the Sui Empire....
 to its pinnacle. Nara period
Nara period

The of the history of Japan covers the years from AD 710 to 794. Empress Gemmei established the capital of Heijo-kyo . Except for 5 years , when the capital was briefly moved again, it remained the capital of Japanese civilization until Emperor Kammu established a new capital, Nagaoka-kyo, in 784 before moving to Heian-kyo , or Kyoto, a decade lat...
 in Japan
Japan

Japan is an island country in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, People's Republic of China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south....
.

Events

  • Probably at some time in this century, Beowulf
    Beowulf

    Beowulf is an Old English language heroic Epic poetry of unknown authorship, dating as recorded in the Nowell Codex manuscript from between the 8th to the early 11th century, and relates events described as having occurred in what is now Denmark and Sweden....
     is composed.
  • The first Serbian state is formed at the beginning of the century.
  • Borobodur, the famous Indonesia
    Indonesia

    The Republic of Indonesia , is a transcontinental country in Southeast Asia and Oceania. Comprising Islands of Indonesia, it is the world's largest Archipelago state....
    n Buddhist structure, begins construction, probably as a non-Buddhist shrine
    Shrine

    A shrine, from the Latin scrinium is a holy or sacred place which is dedicated to a specific deity, ancestor veneration, hero, martyr, saint or similar figure of awe and respect, at which they are veneration or worshipped....
    .
  • Buddhist Jataka
    Jataka

    The Jataka Tales also known in other languages refer to a voluminous body of folklore-like literature native to India concerning the previous births of the Gotama Buddha....
     stories are translated into Syriac and Arabic
    Arabic language

    Arabic is a Central Semitic language, thus related to and classified alongside other Semitic languages languages such as Hebrew language and Aramaic language....
     as Kalilag and Damnag.
  • An account of Buddha
    Gautama Buddha

    Siddhartha Gautama was a Spirituality teacher in the northern region of the Indian subcontinent who founded Buddhism. He is generally seen by Buddhists as the Supreme Buddhahood of our age....
    's life is translated into Greek
    Greek language

    Greek is an Indo-European languages native to the southern Balkan peninsula, the language of the Greek people. It forms an independent branch within Indo-European....
     by Saint John of Damascus
    John of Damascus

    John of Damascus was a monk and Priesthood from Damascus. He was born and raised in that city, and died at his monastery Mar Saba.He was a polymath whose fields of interest and contribution included law, theology, philosophy, and music....
    , and widely circulated to Christians
    Christianity

    Christianity is a Monotheistic religion #Christian view religion centered on the life and teachings of Jesus as New Testament view on Jesus' life....
     as the story of Barlaam
    Barlaam

    Barlaam may refer to:*Barlaam of Calabria, an Italian clergyman of the 14th century*Saint Barlaam, eventual companion of St. Josaphat of India...
     and Josaphat
    Josaphat

    Josaphat can refer to:* Jehoshaphat, in the Christian bible, fourth king of the Kingdom of Judah* Valley of Josaphat, mentioned in the Hebrew bible...
    .
  • The Moravian principality and the Principality of Nitra
    Principality of Nitra

    The Principality of Nitra or Nitrian Principality is the name for a Slavic peoples polity, centered around Nitra. It may have been a separate principality in the 8-12th centuries that existed as an independent state and became an autonomous territory within Great Moravia, Poland and the Kingdom of Hungary; or it may have been a nascent...
     arise in central Europe (see Great Moravia
    Great Moravia

    Great Moravia was a Slavic people state that existed in Central Europe from the 9th century to the early 10th century. There is some controversy as to the actual location of its core territory....
    )
Borobudur Complete
* Many Volga Bulgaria
Volga Bulgaria

Volga Bulgaria or Volga-Kama Bolghar, is an historic Bulgarian state that existed between the seventh and thirteenth centuries around the confluence of the Volga River and Kama River rivers in what is now Russia....
ns convert to Islam
Islam

Islam is a Monotheism, Abrahamic religion originating with the teachings of the Prophets of Islam Muhammad, a 7th century Arab religious and political figure....
.
  • Kanem-Bornu
    Kanem Empire

    The Kanem Empire was located in the present countries of Chad and Libya. At its height it encompassed an area covering not only much of Chad, but also parts of southern Libya and eastern Niger....
     arises north of Lake Chad
    Lake Chad

    Lake Chad is a historically large, shallow lake in Africa, whose size has varied greatly over the centuries. It is economically very important, providing water to more than 20 million people living in the four countries which surround it — Chad, Cameroon, Niger and Nigeria....
    .
  • Height of the Classic period
    Mesoamerican chronology

    Mesoamerican chronology divides the history of pre-Columbian Mesoamerica into a number of named successive eras or periods, from the earliest evidence of human habitation through to the early Colonial period which followed the Spanish colonization of the Americas....
     in pre-Columbian
    Pre-Columbian

    The pre-Columbian era incorporates all archaeology of the Americas in the history of the Americas before the appearance of significant European influences on the Americas continents....
     Maya civilization history.
  • Santideva, a Buddhist monk at Nalanda Monastery in India, composes the famous Bodhicharyavatara, or Guide to the Bodhisattva's Way of Life
  • The height of the Giant Wild Goose Pagoda
    Giant Wild Goose Pagoda

    Giant Wild Goose Pagoda or Big Wild Goose Pagoda , is a Chinese pagoda located in southern Xi'an, Shaanxi province, People's Republic of China....
     in Xian, China is extended by 5 stories.
  • 701
    701

    Events...
    , the Taiho Code
    Taiho Code

    The was an administrative reorganization enacted in 701 in Japan, at the end of the Asuka period. It was historically one of the . It was compiled at the direction of Prince Osakabe, Fujiwara no Fuhito and Awata no Mahito at the request of Emperor Mommu and, like many other developments in the country at the time, it was largely an adaptation of...
     is enacted in late Asuka period
    Asuka period

    The , was a period in the history of Japan lasting from 538 to 710 , although its beginning could be said to overlap with the preceding Kofun period. The Yamato polity evolved much during the Asuka period, which is named after the Asuka, Yamato region, about 25 km south to the modern city of Nara, Nara....
     Japan
  • 705
    705

    Alternate meanings: Area code 705; Project 705; Life 705...
    , the reign of China
    China

    China is a Culture of China, an ancient civilization, and, depending on perspective, a national or multinational entity extending over a large area in East Asia....
    's first and only sole-ruling empress, Wu Zetian
    Wu Zetian

    Wu Zetian , personal name Wu Zhao , often referred to as Tian Hou during Tang Dynasty and Empress Consort Wu in later times, was the only woman in the history of China to assume the title of Emperor of China....
    , ends in this year
  • 708
    708

    Events...
     - 711
    711

    Events...
    , Arab armies occupied Sindh
    Sindh

    Sindh is one of the four Subdivisions of Pakistan of Pakistan and historically is home to the Sindhi people. Different cultural and ethnic groups also reside in Sindh including Urdu-speaking Muslim refugees who migrated to Pakistan from India upon independence as well as the people migrated from other provinces after independence....
    .
  • 710
    710

    Events...
    , Empress Gemmei
    Empress Gemmei

    was the 43rd Emperor of Japan of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. This sovereign is sometimes identified as Empress Genmyo....
     moves the capital to Heijo-kyu
    Heijo Palace

    in Nara, Nara, was the Imperial Palace of Japan , during most of the Nara Period. The Palace was located in the north end of the capital city, Heijo-kyo....
     (present day Nara
    Nara, Nara

    is the capital cities of Japan of Nara Prefecture in the Kansai region of Japan. The city occupies the northern part of Nara Prefecture, directly bordering Kyoto Prefecture....
    ), initiating the Nara period
    Nara period

    The of the history of Japan covers the years from AD 710 to 794. Empress Gemmei established the capital of Heijo-kyo . Except for 5 years , when the capital was briefly moved again, it remained the capital of Japanese civilization until Emperor Kammu established a new capital, Nagaoka-kyo, in 784 before moving to Heian-kyo , or Kyoto, a decade lat...
     of Japan.
  • 711
    711

    Events...
    , Tariq ibn-Ziyad
    Tariq ibn-Ziyad

    Tariq ibn Ziyad or Taric bin Zeyad , known in Spanish history and legend as Taric el Tuerto , was a Berber Muslim and Umayyad general who led the conquest of Visigoths Hispania in 711 under the orders of the Umayyad Caliph Al-Walid I....
     crosses the Straits of Gibraltar. With the creation of Al-Andalus
    Al-Andalus

    Al-Andalus was the Arabic name given to the parts of the Iberian Peninsula governed by Arab Muslims, at various times in the period between 711 and 1492....
    , most of the Iberian peninsula
    Iberian Peninsula

    The Iberian Peninsula, or Iberia, is located in the extreme southwest of Europe and includes modern-day Spain, Portugal, Andorra and Gibraltar and a very small area of France....
     is conquered by Arab
    Arab

    An Arab is a person who Identity as such on linguistic or cultural grounds. The plural form, Arabs , refers to the Ethnocultural group at large....
     and Berber
    Berber people

    Berbers are the indigenous ethnic groups of North Africa west of the Nile Valley. They are discontinuously distributed from the Atlantic to the Siwa oasis, in Egypt, and from the Mediterranean to the Niger River....
     Muslims, thus ending the Visigothic rule, and starting almost eight centuries of Muslim presence there.
  • 717
    717

    Events...
    -718
    718

    Events...
    , Siege of Constantinople
    Siege of Constantinople (718)

    The Second Arab Siege of Constantinople was a combined land and sea effort by the Arabs to take the capital city of the Byzantine Empire, Constantinople....
    . The Bulgarians
    Bulgarians

    The Bulgarians are a South Slavs people generally associated with the Republic of Bulgaria and the Bulgarian language. Emigration has resulted in Bulgarian minorities or immigrant communities in a number of other countries....
     and the Byzantines defeated the Arabs thus holding their advance towards Eastern Europe. In the decisive battle the Bulgarian army
    Medieval Bulgarian Army

    The Medieval Bulgarian Army was the primary military body of the First Bulgarian Empire and the Second Bulgarian Empires. During the first decades after the foundation of the country, the army consisted of a Bulgars cavalry and a Slavic peoples infantry....
     slaughtered between 20,000 and 32,000 Arabs.
  • 726
    726

    Events...
    , Byzantine Emperor Leo III the Isaurian
    Leo III the Isaurian

    Leo III the Isaurian or the Syrian , was List of Byzantine Emperors from 717 until his death in 741. He put an end to a period of instability, successfully defended the empire against the invading Umayyads, and forbade the veneration of icons ....
    , destroys the Chalke Gate in the capital city of Constantinople
    Constantinople

    Constantinople was the empire capital of the Roman Empire , the Byzantine Empire , the Latin Empire , and the Ottoman Empire . Strategically located between the Golden Horn and the Sea of Marmara at the point where Europe meets Asia, Byzantine Constantinople had been the capital of a Christendom empire, successor to ancient ancient Greece...
    , beginning the first phase of Byzantine Iconoclasm
    Iconoclasm

    Iconoclasm, Greek for "image-breaking," is the deliberate destruction of important symbolic images recognized within a culture, religion, or society....
    .
  • 732
    732

    Events...
    , Battle of Tours
    Battle of Tours

    The Battle of Tours , also called the Battle of Poitiers and in Battle of Court of The Martyrs, was fought in an area between the cities of Poitiers and Tours, near the village of Moussais-la-Bataille about north of Poitiers....
    . Near Poitiers, France, leader of the Franks Charles Martel and his men, defeat a large army of Moors under the governor of Cordoba, Abdul Rahman Al Ghafiqi, who is killed during the battle. The Battle of Tours halts the advance of Islam into Western Europe and establishes a balance of power between Western Europe, Islam and the Byzantine Empire.
  • 742
    742

    Events...
    , for the municipal census
    Census

    A census is the procedure of systematically acquiring and recording information about the members of a given population. It is a regularly occurring and official count of a particular population....
     of the Tang Dynasty
    Tang Dynasty

    The Tang Dynasty was an Dynasties in Chinese history preceded by the Sui Dynasty and followed by the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period. It was founded by the Li family, who seized power during the decline and collapse of the Sui Empire....
     Chinese capital city Chang'an
    Chang'an

    Chang'an is an ancient Capital of more than ten Dynasties in Chinese history in Chinese history. Chang'an literally means "Perpetual Peace" in Classical Chinese....
     and its metropolitan area
    Metropolitan area

    A metropolitan area is a large population center consisting of a large metropolis and its adjacent zone of influence, or of more than one closely adjoining neighboring central city and their zone of influence....
     of Jingzhou Fu (including small towns in the vicinity), the New Book of Tang
    New Book of Tang

    The New Book of Tang , is a classic work of history about the Tang Dynasty edited by Ouyang Xiu and Song Qi and other official scholars of the Song Dynasty....
     records that in this year there were 362,921 registered families with 1,960,188 persons.
  • 748
    748

    Events...
    , the Chinese Buddhist monk Jian Zhen writes in his Yue Jue Shu of the international sea traffic coming to Guangzhou
    Guangzhou

    'Guangzhou' is the Capital and a sub-provincial city of Guangdong Province of China in the northern and southern China part of the People's Republic of China....
    , ships from Borneo, Persia, Sri Lanka, Indonesia, and others bringing tons of goods.
  • 750
    750

    Events...
    , The last Umayyad Caliph
    Caliph

    The Caliph is the head of state in a Caliphate, and the title for the leader of the Islamic Ummah, an Islamic community ruled by the Shari'ah....
     Marwan II
    Marwan II

    Marwan ibn Muhammad ibn Marwan or Marwan II was an Umayyad caliph who ruled from 744 until 750 when he was killed. He was the last Umayyad ruler to rule from Damascus....
     (744
    744

    For the aircraft see Boeing 747-400...
    –750) is overthrown and executed by the first Abbasid
    Abbasid

    The Abbasid Caliphate was the third of the Islamic Caliphates of the Islamic Empire. The Caliphate is one of the high points of Islam, and at the time Muslim civilization, together with that of Byzantium, China and India, was the most developed part of the world....
     Caliph, Abu al-Abbas al-Saffah. The Caliphate
    Caliphate

    The caliphate represented the political leadership of the Muslim ummah in classical and medieval Islamic history and juristic theory. The head of state's position is based on the notion of a successor to the Prophets of Islam Muhammad's political authority....
     is moved to Baghdad
    Baghdad

    Baghdad is the Capital of Iraq and of Baghdad Governorate, with which it is also coterminous. With a municipal population estimated at 6.5 million, it is the largest city in Iraq, and the second largest city in the Arab World....
    , within the territory of the former Persian Empire
    Persian Empire

    The 'Persian Empire' was a series of successive Iranian or Persianization empires that ruled over the Iranian plateau, the original Persian homeland, and beyond in Southwest Asia, South Asia, Central Asia and the Caucasus....
    ; this would prove to be a momentous event for Baghdad which developed into a centre of trade and culture.The Ghana Empire
    Ghana Empire

    The Ghana Empire or Wagadou Empire was located in what is now southeastern Mauritania, and Western Mali.This is believed to be first of many empires that would rise in that part of Africa....
     begins.
  • 751
    751

    Events...
    , Arabian armies defeated Chinese
    China

    China is a Culture of China, an ancient civilization, and, depending on perspective, a national or multinational entity extending over a large area in East Asia....
     Tang Dynasty
    Tang Dynasty

    The Tang Dynasty was an Dynasties in Chinese history preceded by the Sui Dynasty and followed by the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period. It was founded by the Li family, who seized power during the decline and collapse of the Sui Empire....
     troops in the Battle of Talas
    Battle of Talas

    The Battle of Talas in 751 AD was a conflict between the Arab Empire Abbasid and the China Tang Dynasty for control of the Syr Darya. The Chinese army was defeated following the routing of their troops by the Abbasids on the bank of the Talas River ....
    , in the high Pamirs near Samarkand
    Samarkand

    Samarkand , is the second-largest city in Uzbekistan and the capital of Samarqand Province.The city is most noted for its central position on the Silk Road between China and the West, and for being an Islamic centre for scholarly study....
     and conquest central Asia
    Central Asia

    Central Asia is a region of Asia from the Caspian Sea in the west to central China in the east, and from southern Russia in the north to northern India in the south....
     completely.
  • 755
    755

    Events...
    –763
    763

    Events...
    , the An Shi Rebellion
    An Shi Rebellion

    The An Shi Rebellion took place in China during the Tang Dynasty, from December 16 755 to February 17 763. It is also known as the Tianbao Rebellion , because An Lushan started it in the 14th year of that namesake era name....
     devastates China during the mid Tang Dynasty
    Tang Dynasty

    The Tang Dynasty was an Dynasties in Chinese history preceded by the Sui Dynasty and followed by the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period. It was founded by the Li family, who seized power during the decline and collapse of the Sui Empire....
    .
  • 758
    758

    Events...
    , Arab
    Arab

    An Arab is a person who Identity as such on linguistic or cultural grounds. The plural form, Arabs , refers to the Ethnocultural group at large....
     and Persian
    Persian people

    Persian identity, at least in terms of language, is traced to the ancient Indo-Iranians , who arrived in parts of Greater Iran circa 2000-1500 BCE....
     pirates and travelers burn and loot the Chinese city of Guangzhou
    Guangzhou

    'Guangzhou' is the Capital and a sub-provincial city of Guangdong Province of China in the northern and southern China part of the People's Republic of China....
    , while the Tang Dynasty authorities shut the port down for the next five decades.
  • 772
    772

    Events...
    –804
    804

    Events...
    , Charlemagne
    Charlemagne

    Charlemagne was List of Frankish kings from 768 to his death. He expanded the Franks kingdoms into a Carolingian Empire that incorporated much of Western Europe and Central Europe....
     invades what is now northwestern Germany, battling the Saxons
    Saxons

    The Saxons were a confederation of Germanic peoples. Their modern-day descendants in Saxony are considered ethnic Germans; those in the eastern Netherlands are considered to be ethnic Dutch people; those in north eastern Belgium are considered to be ethnic Flemish people; and those in southern England ethnic English people ....
     for more than thirty years and finally crushing their rebellion
    Saxon Wars

    The Saxon Wars were the campaigns and insurrections of the more than thirty years from 772, when Charlemagne first entered Duchy of Saxony with the intent to conquer, to 804, when the last rebellion of disaffected Germanic peoples was crushed....
    , incorporating Saxony
    Duchy of Saxony

    The medi?val Duchy of Saxony was a late Early Middle Ages "Carolingian stem duchy" covering the greater part of Northern Germany. It covered the area of the modern German states of Lower Saxony, North Rhine-Westphalia, and Saxony-Anhalt and most of Schleswig-Holstein....
     into the Frankish Empire
    Frankish Empire

    Francia or Frankia, later also called the Frankish Empire , Frankish Kingdom , Frankish Realm or occasionally Frankland, was the territory inhabited and ruled by the Franks from the 3rd to the 10th century....
     and the Christian world
  • 785
    785

    Events...
    , beginning in this year, Tang Dynasty
    Tang Dynasty

    The Tang Dynasty was an Dynasties in Chinese history preceded by the Sui Dynasty and followed by the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period. It was founded by the Li family, who seized power during the decline and collapse of the Sui Empire....
     Chinese begin landing regular maritime
    Sailing

    Sailing is the art of controlling a boat with large pieces of canvas cloth called sails. By changing the rigging, rudder, and dagger or centre board, a sailor manages the force of the wind on the sails in order to change the direction and speed of a boat....
     missions on the coast of East Africa
    East Africa

    East Africa or Eastern Africa is the easterly region of the African continent, variably defined by geography or geopolitics. In the UN subregion, 19 territories constitute Eastern Africa:...
    , cutting out middlemen Arab sea merchants.
  • 785
    785

    Events...
    –805
    805

    Events...
    , writing between these years, the Chinese geographer Jia Dan
    Jia Dan

    Jia Dan , courtesy name Dunshi , formally Duke Yuanjing of Wei , was a Han Chinese scholar-bureaucrat, general, Chinese geography, and History of cartography#China from Cangzhou, Hebei during the Tang Dynasty of China....
     describes large lighthouse pillars built in the Persian Gulf
    Persian Gulf

    The Persian Gulf, in the Southwest Asian region, is an extension of the Indian Ocean located between Iran and the Arabian Peninsula. Historically and commonly known as the Persian Gulf, this body of water is sometimes Persian Gulf naming dispute referred to as the Arabian Gulf by certain Arab countries or simply The Gulf, although nei...
    , which is confirmed a century later by al-Mas'udi and al-Muqaddasi
    Al-Muqaddasi

    Muhammad ibn Ahmad Shams al-Din Al-Muqaddasi , also transliterated as Al-Maqdisi and el-Mukaddasi, was a notable medieval Arab geographer, author of Ahsan at-Taqasim fi Ma`rifat il-Aqalim ....
  • 787
    787

    Events...
    , The Empress Irene of Athens convenes the Seventh Ecumenical Council, ending the first phase of Byzantine Iconoclasm.
  • 792
    792

    Events...
    , Battle of Marcelae
    Battle of Marcelae

    The Battle of Marcellae took place in 792 near the modern town of Karnobat in south eastern Bulgaria. It is not to be confused with the Battle of Marcellae at the same place....
    . The Bulgarian victory over the Byzantines marked the end of the half-century political instability in Bulgaria
    Bulgaria

    The state of Bulgaria , Scientific transliteration Balgarija, officially the Republic of Bulgaria has played a significant role in the Balkans in south-eastern Europe for over fourteen centuries....
    .
  • 793
    793

    Events...
    , the very first Viking
    Viking

    A Viking is one of the Norsemen explorers, warriors, merchants, and Piracy who raided and colonized wide areas of Europe from the late eighth to the early eleventh century....
     raid is carried out on the abbey of Lindisfarne
    Lindisfarne

    Lindisfarne is a tidal island off the north-east coast of England also known as Holy Island, the name of the civil parish. It has a population of 162 ...
     in northern England
    England

    native_name =|conventional_long_name = England|common_name = England|image_flag = Flag of England.svg|image_coat = England COA.svg|symbol_type = Royal Coat of Arms...
    .
  • 793
    793

    Events...
    , the Frisian–Frankish wars
    Frisian–Frankish wars

    The Frisian?Frankish wars were a series of conflicts between the Carolingian Empire and the Frisia in the 7th and 8th century.The wars where mainly about control of the Rhine delta....
     came to an end with the last uprising of the Frisians
    Frisians

    The Frisians are an ethnic group of Germanic people living in coastal parts of The Netherlands and Germany. They are concentrated in the Dutch provinces of Friesland and Groningen and, in Germany, East Frisia and North Frisia....
    .
  • 794
    794

    Events...
    , Emperor Kammu
    Emperor Kammu

    was the 50th Emperor of Japan of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. His reign spanned the years from 781 through 806....
     moves the capital to Heian-kyo (present day Kyoto
    Kyoto

    Sorry, no overview for this topic
    ), initiating the Heian period
    Heian period

    The is the last division of classical History of Japan, running from 794 to 1185. It is the period in Japanese history when Confucianism and other Chinese culture were at their height....
     of Japan.
  • 800
    800

    Sorry, no overview for this topic
    ,Begins the ancient west African state of Takrur
    Takrur

    Takrur, Tekrur, or Tekrour was an ancient state of West Africa, which flourished roughly parallel to the Ghana Empire.Origin...
     or Tekrour, which flourished roughly parallel to the Ghana Empire.


Significant persons

  • Jia Dan
    Jia Dan

    Jia Dan , courtesy name Dunshi , formally Duke Yuanjing of Wei , was a Han Chinese scholar-bureaucrat, general, Chinese geography, and History of cartography#China from Cangzhou, Hebei during the Tang Dynasty of China....
    , Chinese scholar-official, cartographer, and geographer
  • Tervel
    Tervel of Bulgaria

    Tervel also called Tarvel, or Terval, or Terbelis in some Byzantine Empire sources, was the ruler of the Bulgarians at the beginning of the 8th century....
    , Khan of Bulgaria from 700
    700

    Sorry, no overview for this topic
     to 721
    721

    Events...
  • Charles Martel
    Charles Martel

    Charles "The Hammer" Martel was proclaimed Mayor of the Palace and ruled the Franks in the name of a Titular ruler. Late in his reign he proclaimed himself Duke of the Franks and by any name was de facto ruler of the Frankish Realms....
    , Frankish leader until 741
    741

    Events...
     (Battle of Tours
    Battle of Tours

    The Battle of Tours , also called the Battle of Poitiers and in Battle of Court of The Martyrs, was fought in an area between the cities of Poitiers and Tours, near the village of Moussais-la-Bataille about north of Poitiers....
    , 732
    732

    Events...
    )
  • Pippin the Younger
    Pippin the Younger

    Pepin or Pippin , called the Short, and often known as Pepin the Younger or Pepin III, was the Mayor of the Palace and Duke of the Franks from 741 and King of the Franks from 751 to 768....
    , king of the Franks
    Franks

    The Franks or Frankish people were a West Germanic ethnic group first identified in the 3rd century as living north and east of the Lower Rhine River....
     until 768
    768

    Events...
  • Charlemagne
    Charlemagne

    Charlemagne was List of Frankish kings from 768 to his death. He expanded the Franks kingdoms into a Carolingian Empire that incorporated much of Western Europe and Central Europe....
    , king of the Franks
    Franks

    The Franks or Frankish people were a West Germanic ethnic group first identified in the 3rd century as living north and east of the Lower Rhine River....
     from 771
    771

    Events...
     to 814
    814

    Events...
  • Alcuin
    Alcuin

    Alcuin of York or Ealhwine, nicknamed Albinus or Flaccus was a scholar, ecclesiastic, poet and teacher from York, Northumbria....
    , English monk, scholar, and teacher; Charlemagne
    Charlemagne

    Charlemagne was List of Frankish kings from 768 to his death. He expanded the Franks kingdoms into a Carolingian Empire that incorporated much of Western Europe and Central Europe....
    's advisor in educational affairs
  • The Venerable Bede
    Bede

    Bede , , was a monasticism at the Northumbrian monastery of Saint Peter at Monkwearmouth, today part of Sunderland, England, and of its companion monastery, Saint Paul's, in modern Jarrow , both in the Kingdom of Northumbria....
    , English
    England

    native_name =|conventional_long_name = England|common_name = England|image_flag = Flag of England.svg|image_coat = England COA.svg|symbol_type = Royal Coat of Arms...
     scholar
  • Harun al-Rashid
    Harun al-Rashid

    Harun al-Rashid ; also spelled Harun ar-Rashid; , Aaron the Just, or Aaron the Rightly-Guided; March 17, 763 – March 24, 809) was the fifth and most famous Abbasid Caliphate Caliph....
    , fifth Abbasid
    Abbasid

    The Abbasid Caliphate was the third of the Islamic Caliphates of the Islamic Empire. The Caliphate is one of the high points of Islam, and at the time Muslim civilization, together with that of Byzantium, China and India, was the most developed part of the world....
     Caliph
    Caliph

    The Caliph is the head of state in a Caliphate, and the title for the leader of the Islamic Ummah, an Islamic community ruled by the Shari'ah....
  • Li Po
    Li Bai

    Li Bai or Li Po was a List of Chinese language poets. He was part of the group of Chinese scholars called the "Eight Immortals of the Wine Cup" in a poem by fellow poet Du Fu....
    , Chinese
    List of Chinese language poets

    ?Poets who wrote or write much of their poetry in the Chinese language....
     poet
    Poet

    A poet is a person who writes poetry....
  • Du Fu
    Du Fu

    Du Fu was a prominent Chinese poet of the Tang Dynasty.Along with Li Bai , he is frequently called the greatest of the Chinese poets.His own greatest ambition was to serve his country as a successful civil servant, but he proved unable to make the necessary accommodations....
    , Chinese
    List of Chinese language poets

    ?Poets who wrote or write much of their poetry in the Chinese language....
     poet
    Poet

    A poet is a person who writes poetry....
  • Han Gan
    Han Gan

    Han Gan was a Tang Dynasty painter.He came from a poor family in either Chang'an, modern day Xi'an, Shaanxi; Lantian, modern day Shaanxi; or Daliang, modern day Kaifeng, Henan....
    , Chinese
    Chinese painting

    Chinese painting is one of the oldest continuous artistic traditions in the world. The earliest paintings were not representational but ornamental; they consisted of patterns or designs rather than pictures....
     painter
    Painting

    Painting is the practice of applying paint, pigment, color or other medium to a surface . In art, the term describes both the act and the result, which is called a painting....
  • Empress Gemmei
    Empress Gemmei

    was the 43rd Emperor of Japan of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. This sovereign is sometimes identified as Empress Genmyo....
  • Emperor Kammu
    Emperor Kammu

    was the 50th Emperor of Japan of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. His reign spanned the years from 781 through 806....
  • An Lushan
    An Lushan

    An Lushan , n? Aluoshan or Galuoshan , posthumous name Prince La of Yan , was a military leader of Sogdian-Turkic peoples or Iranian peoples-Turkish people origin during the Tang Dynasty in China....
  • Muhammad bin Qasim
    Muhammad bin Qasim

    Muhammad bin Qasim Al-Thaqafi was an Umayyad general who conquered the Sindh and Punjab regions along the Indus River . He was born in the city of Taif ....
    , Arab general who conquered Sindh
    Sindh

    Sindh is one of the four Subdivisions of Pakistan of Pakistan and historically is home to the Sindhi people. Different cultural and ethnic groups also reside in Sindh including Urdu-speaking Muslim refugees who migrated to Pakistan from India upon independence as well as the people migrated from other provinces after independence....
     and Punjab
    Punjab region

    Punjab , also Panjab , is a region straddling the border between India and Pakistan. The "Five Rivers" are Beas River, Ravi River, Sutlej, Chenab and Jhelum River; all these are tributaries of the Indus river, Jhelum being the biggest one....
    .


Inventions, discoveries, introductions

  • heavy plow in use in the Rhine
    Rhine

    File:Swiss Grand Canyon.jpgThe Rhine is one of the longest and most important rivers in Europe, at , with an average discharge of more than ....
     valley
  • horse collar
    Horse collar

    A horse collar is a part of a horse harness device used to distribute load around a horse's neck and shoulders when pulling a wagon or plow. The collar often supports a pair of curved metal or wood pieces, called hames, to which the trace of the horse harness are attached....
     in use in Northern Europe
    Northern Europe

    Northern Europe is the northern part or region of Europe. The United Nations defines Northern Europe as including the following countries and dependent regions:...
     in 8th or 9th century
    9th century

    The 9th century is the period from 801 to 900 in accordance with the Julian calendar in the Christian Era/Common Era....
     — perhaps introduced from Asia
    Asia

    Asia is the world's largest and most populous continent. It covers 8.6% of the Earth's total surface area and, with over 4 billion people, it contains more than 60% of the world's current human population....
  • paper
    Paper

    Paper is thin material mainly used for writing upon, printing upon or packaging. It is produced by pressing together moist fibers, typically cellulose pulp derived from wood, rags or grasses, and drying them into flexible sheets....
    making introduced from China
    China

    China is a Culture of China, an ancient civilization, and, depending on perspective, a national or multinational entity extending over a large area in East Asia....
     to Arabs
  • beginning of the decline of the Classical Maya civilization
  • ca. 770 — iron
    Iron

    Iron is a chemical element with the symbol Fe and atomic number 26. Iron is a Group 8 element and period 4 element. Iron is lustrous and silvery in color....
     horseshoe
    Horseshoe

    File:Horseshoes.JPGA horseshoe is a U-shaped item made of metal or of modern synthetic materials, nail ed or Polymethyl methacrylated to the hooves of horses and some other draught animals....
    s came into common use
  • Pattadakal
    Pattadakal

    Pattadakal is a town in the Indian state of Karnataka The town lies on the banks of the Malaprabha River in Bagalkot district of North Karnataka region....
    , Chalukya Architecture
  • The Chinese Buddhist monk
    Monk

    A Monk is a person who practices religious asceticism, the unconditioning of mind and body in favor of the realization of one's true nature, and does so living either alone or with any number of like-minded people, whilst always maintaining some degree of physical separation from those not sharing the same purpose....
     Yi Xing
    Yi Xing

    Yi Xing , born Zhang Sui , was a China astronomer, mathematician, mechanical engineering, and Buddhist monk of the Tang Dynasty . His astronomical celestial globe was the first to feature a clockwork escapement mechanism, the first in a long tradition of Chinese astronomical clock....
     applies the first known clockwork escapement
    Escapement

    In mechanical watches and clocks, an escapement is a device which converts continuous rotational motion into an Oscillatory or back and forth motion....
     mechanism to operate and rotate his astronomical celestial globe
  • The Pictish
    Picts

    The Picts were a confederation of tribes in what was later to become eastern and northern Scotland from Roman Empire times until the 10th century....
     peoples of Scotland
    Scotland

    conventional_long_name = ScotlandAlba|common_name= Scotland|image_flag = Flag of Scotland.svg|flag_width = 130px...
     design the first European triangular harp
    Harp

    The 'harp' is a stringed instrument which has the plane of its strings positioned perpendicular to the Sounding board. It is also considered to be a percussion instrument....


Decades and years