Vselyub
Encyclopedia
Vselyub is a village in Navahrudak Raion
, Hrodna Voblast
, Belarus
. Vseyub is a centre of selsoviet
(rural council) within the administrative division of Belarus. Between the world wars, the village was part of Nowogródek Voivodeship
of the Second Polish Republic
. Before Partitions of Poland
it belonged to the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
.
, and in 1576 was bought by Prince Mikołaj Radziwiłł. The local Catholic
Church, built of brick and mortar, was long thought to be erected in Baroque period. However, archaeological examination in 1980s revealed that the building is in its essence late gothic (XV century), though altered by multiple redecorations (the last of them, ironically, in gothic revival style). Its title changed several times (St. John, St. Casimir, etc.)
During World War II, the 40 Jewish families who lived in the town were rounded up and summarily executed by the Nazis. On July 31, 1942, following the Nazi German Operation Barbarossa
, Rev. Józef Kuczyński (Polish pastor of Wsielub) was executed there for sheltering Jewish children. On June 7, 1944, the commander of the Armia Krajowa
battalion called Okręg AK Nowogródek, ppor. Tadeusz Mossakowski (Jastrzębiec) was killed there in battle.
Raion
A raion is a type of administrative unit of several post-Soviet countries. The term, which is from French rayon 'honeycomb, department,' describes both a type of a subnational entity and a division of a city, and is commonly translated in English as "district"...
, Hrodna Voblast
Hrodna Voblast
Hrodna Voblast or Grodno Oblast is a voblast in northwestern Belarus.The capital - Grodno is the biggest city of the province. It lies on the Neman River. Grodno's existence is attested to from 1127. Two castles dating from the 14th - 18th centuries are located here on the steep right bank of...
, Belarus
Belarus
Belarus , officially the Republic of Belarus, is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe, bordered clockwise by Russia to the northeast, Ukraine to the south, Poland to the west, and Lithuania and Latvia to the northwest. Its capital is Minsk; other major cities include Brest, Grodno , Gomel ,...
. Vseyub is a centre of selsoviet
Selsoviet
Selsoviet is a shortened name for a rural council. The full names for the term are, in , , . Selsoviets were the lowest level of administrative division in rural areas in the Soviet Union...
(rural council) within the administrative division of Belarus. Between the world wars, the village was part of Nowogródek Voivodeship
Nowogródek Voivodeship (1919-1939)
Nowogródek Voivodeship was a unit of administrative division of the Second Polish Republic between 1919 and 1939, with the capital in Nowogródek . Following German and Soviet Invasion of Poland of September 1939, Poland's borders were redrawn in accordance with the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact...
of the Second Polish Republic
Second Polish Republic
The Second Polish Republic, Second Commonwealth of Poland or interwar Poland refers to Poland between the two world wars; a period in Polish history in which Poland was restored as an independent state. Officially known as the Republic of Poland or the Commonwealth of Poland , the Polish state was...
. Before Partitions of Poland
Partitions of Poland
The Partitions of Poland or Partitions of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth took place in the second half of the 18th century and ended the existence of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, resulting in the elimination of sovereign Poland for 123 years...
it belonged to the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
The Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth was a dualistic state of Poland and Lithuania ruled by a common monarch. It was the largest and one of the most populous countries of 16th- and 17th‑century Europe with some and a multi-ethnic population of 11 million at its peak in the early 17th century...
.
History
Vselyub (Wsielub) was first mentioned in 1422 (on the seal of its owner, Jan Niemira). Since at least 1434 the settlement belonged to Jan's son Andrzej Niemirowicz (Niemirycz), and then to other members of the family. Later it passed into possession of Stanisław Dowojno, voivod of PolatskPolatsk
Polotsk , is a historical city in Belarus, situated on the Dvina river. It is the center of Polotsk district in Vitsebsk Voblast. Its population is more than 80,000 people...
, and in 1576 was bought by Prince Mikołaj Radziwiłł. The local Catholic
Catholic
The word catholic comes from the Greek phrase , meaning "on the whole," "according to the whole" or "in general", and is a combination of the Greek words meaning "about" and meaning "whole"...
Church, built of brick and mortar, was long thought to be erected in Baroque period. However, archaeological examination in 1980s revealed that the building is in its essence late gothic (XV century), though altered by multiple redecorations (the last of them, ironically, in gothic revival style). Its title changed several times (St. John, St. Casimir, etc.)
During World War II, the 40 Jewish families who lived in the town were rounded up and summarily executed by the Nazis. On July 31, 1942, following the Nazi German Operation Barbarossa
Operation Barbarossa
Operation Barbarossa was the code name for Germany's invasion of the Soviet Union during World War II that began on 22 June 1941. Over 4.5 million troops of the Axis powers invaded the USSR along a front., the largest invasion in the history of warfare...
, Rev. Józef Kuczyński (Polish pastor of Wsielub) was executed there for sheltering Jewish children. On June 7, 1944, the commander of the Armia Krajowa
Armia Krajowa
The Armia Krajowa , or Home Army, was the dominant Polish resistance movement in World War II German-occupied Poland. It was formed in February 1942 from the Związek Walki Zbrojnej . Over the next two years, it absorbed most other Polish underground forces...
battalion called Okręg AK Nowogródek, ppor. Tadeusz Mossakowski (Jastrzębiec) was killed there in battle.