Vashkinsky District
Encyclopedia
Vashkinsky District is an administrative district (raion
), one of the twenty-six
in Vologda Oblast
, Russia
. Municipally, it is incorporated as Vashkinsky Municipal District. It is located in the northwest of the oblast
and borders with Vytegorsky District
in the north, Kirillovsky District
in the east, and Belozersky District
in the south and the west. The area of the district is 2900 square kilometres (1,119.7 sq mi). Its administrative center is the selo of Lipin Bor
. District's population: 10,002 (2002 Census
); Population of Lipin Bor accounts for 38.4% of the district's population.
, and the Novgorodians used the waterway to the White Sea
which run through the current area of the district. In the 13th century, the area was administered by princes of Beloozero, and then in the 14th century, it went under control of the Grand Duchy of Moscow
.
In the course of the administrative reform carried out in 1708 by Peter the Great, the area was included into Ingermanland Governorate (known since 1710 as Saint Petersburg Governorate
). In 1727, separate Novgorod Governorate
split off. The area became part of Belozersky Uyezd of Belozersk Oblast of Novgorod Governorate. In 1776, the area was transferred to Novgorod Viceroyalty. In 1796, the viceroyalty was abolished, and the area was transferred to Novgorod Governorate. In the 19th century, the area was transferred into Kirillovsky Uyezd.
In June 1918, five uyezds of the Novgorod Governorate, including Kirillovsky Uyezd, were split off to form Cherepovets Governorate
, with the administrative center in Cherepovets
. On August 1, 1927 Cherepovets Governorate was abolished, and its area became Cherepovets Okrug of Leningrad Oblast
. Simultaneously, uyezds were abolished, and Vashkinsky District was established. The center of the district was established in the selo of Vashki, hence the name of the district. On September 23, 1937 Vashkinsky District was transferred to newly established Vologda Oblast. In 1938, the district center was moved to the selo of Lipin Bor.
On August 1, 1927 also Kovzhinsky District (with the center in the selo of Annensky Most) and Sholsky District (with the center in the selo of Zubovo)were established. In 1937, they were transferred from Leningrad Oblast to Vologda Oblast. In 1959, both districts were abolished. The area of Sholsky District was split between Vashkinsky and Belozersky Districts, and the area of Kovzhinsky District was split between Vashkinsky and Vytegorsky Districts.
. In particular, the Kovzha River
, one of the main tributaries of the lake, forms the western border of the district, and the Kema River
, another major tributary, crosses the district from the north to the south. Most of the area of the district drains into the Kema. The eastern and northeastern parts of the district belong to the river basin of the Onega
, which flows to the White Sea
.
There are many lakes in the district, the biggest of which are Lake Druzhinnoye, Lake Volotskoye, Lake Unzhinskoye, and Lake Pushtorskoye, all belonging to the basin of Lake Beloye.
and Vytegra
crosses the district bypassing Lipin Bor. Another road branches off south, running via Lipin Bor to Belozersk
. There are also local roads with bus traffic.
The Volga–Baltic Waterway (formerly known as the Mariinsk Canal System), connecting the Rybinsk Reservoir
in the river basin of the Volga
and Lake Onega
in the river basin of the Neva
, runs through the district, following the river course of the Kovzha. Lake Beloye is also a part of the Volga-Baltic Waterway.
Vashkinsky District Museum is located in Lipin Bor.
Raion
A raion is a type of administrative unit of several post-Soviet countries. The term, which is from French rayon 'honeycomb, department,' describes both a type of a subnational entity and a division of a city, and is commonly translated in English as "district"...
), one of the twenty-six
Administrative divisions of Vologda Oblast
Administratively, Vologda Oblast is divided into four cities and towns of oblast significance and twenty-six districts.In terms of the area, the biggest administrative district is Vytegorsky District ....
in Vologda Oblast
Vologda Oblast
Vologda Oblast is a federal subject of Russia . Its administrative center is Vologda. The largest city is Cherepovets.Vologda Oblast is rich in historic monuments, such as the magnificent Kirillo-Belozersky Monastery, Ferapontov Convent , medieval towns of Velikiy Ustyug and Belozersk, baroque...
, Russia
Russia
Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
. Municipally, it is incorporated as Vashkinsky Municipal District. It is located in the northwest of the oblast
Oblast
Oblast is a type of administrative division in Slavic countries, including some countries of the former Soviet Union. The word "oblast" is a loanword in English, but it is nevertheless often translated as "area", "zone", "province", or "region"...
and borders with Vytegorsky District
Vytegorsky District
Vytegorsky District is an administrative district , one of the twenty-six in Vologda Oblast, Russia. Municipally, it is incorporated as Vytegorsky Municipal District...
in the north, Kirillovsky District
Kirillovsky District
Kirillovsky District is an administrative district , one of the twenty-six in Vologda Oblast, Russia. Municipally, it is incorporated as Kirillovsky Municipal District...
in the east, and Belozersky District
Belozersky District
Belozersky District is the name of several administrative and municipal districts in Russia. The name literally means "pertaining to white lakes".*Belozersky District, Kurgan Oblast, an administrative and municipal district of Kurgan Oblast...
in the south and the west. The area of the district is 2900 square kilometres (1,119.7 sq mi). Its administrative center is the selo of Lipin Bor
Lipin Bor
Lipin Bor is a rural locality and the administrative center of Vashkinsky District, Vologda Oblast, Russia, located on the northern shore of Lake Beloye. It also serves as the administrative center of Lipinoborsky Selsoviet, one of the twelve selsoviets into which the district is administratively...
. District's population: 10,002 (2002 Census
Russian Census (2002)
Russian Census of 2002 was the first census of the Russian Federation carried out on October 9 through October 16, 2002. It was carried out by the Russian Federal Service of State Statistics .-Resident population:...
); Population of Lipin Bor accounts for 38.4% of the district's population.
History
The shores of Lake Beloye were settled by Slavs at least in the 11th century. They were under influence of the Novgorod RepublicNovgorod Republic
The Novgorod Republic was a large medieval Russian state which stretched from the Baltic Sea to the Ural Mountains between the 12th and 15th centuries, centred on the city of Novgorod...
, and the Novgorodians used the waterway to the White Sea
White Sea
The White Sea is a southern inlet of the Barents Sea located on the northwest coast of Russia. It is surrounded by Karelia to the west, the Kola Peninsula to the north, and the Kanin Peninsula to the northeast. The whole of the White Sea is under Russian sovereignty and considered to be part of...
which run through the current area of the district. In the 13th century, the area was administered by princes of Beloozero, and then in the 14th century, it went under control of the Grand Duchy of Moscow
Grand Duchy of Moscow
The Grand Duchy of Moscow or Grand Principality of Moscow, also known in English simply as Muscovy , was a late medieval Rus' principality centered on Moscow, and the predecessor state of the early modern Tsardom of Russia....
.
In the course of the administrative reform carried out in 1708 by Peter the Great, the area was included into Ingermanland Governorate (known since 1710 as Saint Petersburg Governorate
Saint Petersburg Governorate
Saint Petersburg Governorate , or Government of Saint Petersburg, was an administrative division of the Russian Empire, which existed in 1708–1927....
). In 1727, separate Novgorod Governorate
Novgorod Governorate
Novgorod Governorate , or Government of Novgorod, was a governorate of the Russian Empire.The governorate was established in 1727 from Belozersk, Novgorod, Pskov, Tver, and Velikiye Luki Provinces of the St. Petersburg Governorate and existed until 1927, when its territory was included into...
split off. The area became part of Belozersky Uyezd of Belozersk Oblast of Novgorod Governorate. In 1776, the area was transferred to Novgorod Viceroyalty. In 1796, the viceroyalty was abolished, and the area was transferred to Novgorod Governorate. In the 19th century, the area was transferred into Kirillovsky Uyezd.
In June 1918, five uyezds of the Novgorod Governorate, including Kirillovsky Uyezd, were split off to form Cherepovets Governorate
Cherepovets Governorate
Cherepovets Governorate was a governorate of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic from 1918 to 1927. Its seat was in the city of Cherepovets...
, with the administrative center in Cherepovets
Cherepovets
Cherepovets is the largest city in Vologda Oblast, Russia, located on the bank of the Rybinsk Reservoir of the Sheksna River, a tributary of the Volga River. Population: 311,869 ; It is served by Cherepovets Airport.-Location:...
. On August 1, 1927 Cherepovets Governorate was abolished, and its area became Cherepovets Okrug of Leningrad Oblast
Leningrad Oblast
Leningrad Oblast is a federal subject of Russia . It was established on August 1, 1927, although it was not until 1946 that the oblast's borders had been mostly settled in their present position...
. Simultaneously, uyezds were abolished, and Vashkinsky District was established. The center of the district was established in the selo of Vashki, hence the name of the district. On September 23, 1937 Vashkinsky District was transferred to newly established Vologda Oblast. In 1938, the district center was moved to the selo of Lipin Bor.
On August 1, 1927 also Kovzhinsky District (with the center in the selo of Annensky Most) and Sholsky District (with the center in the selo of Zubovo)were established. In 1937, they were transferred from Leningrad Oblast to Vologda Oblast. In 1959, both districts were abolished. The area of Sholsky District was split between Vashkinsky and Belozersky Districts, and the area of Kovzhinsky District was split between Vashkinsky and Vytegorsky Districts.
Location and geography
The district is located northeast of Lake Beloye, and the area of the lake is divided between Vashkinsky and Belozersky Districts. Much of the area of the district belongs to the basin of Lake Beloye and thus of the Caspian SeaCaspian Sea
The Caspian Sea is the largest enclosed body of water on Earth by area, variously classed as the world's largest lake or a full-fledged sea. The sea has a surface area of and a volume of...
. In particular, the Kovzha River
Kovzha River
The Kovzha is a river in Vytegorsky, Belozersky, and Vashkinsky Districts of Vologda Oblast in Russia. It originates from Lake Kovzhskoye and is a tributary of Lake Beloye. It is long, and the area of its basin . The Kovzha River is a part of the Volga-Baltic Waterway...
, one of the main tributaries of the lake, forms the western border of the district, and the Kema River
Kema River
The Kema is a river in Vytegorsky and Vashkinsky Districts of Vologda Oblast in Russia. It flows out of Lake Kemskoye and is a tributary of Lake Beloye. It is long, and the area of its basin . The main tributary is the Indomanka River ....
, another major tributary, crosses the district from the north to the south. Most of the area of the district drains into the Kema. The eastern and northeastern parts of the district belong to the river basin of the Onega
Onega River
The Onega is a river in Kargopolsky, Plesetsky, and Onezhsky Districts of Arkhangelsk Oblast in Russia. The Onega connects Lake Lacha with the Onega Bay in the White Sea southwest of Arkhangelsk, flowing in the northern direction. The discharge at the source is and at the mouth is . The river is ...
, which flows to the White Sea
White Sea
The White Sea is a southern inlet of the Barents Sea located on the northwest coast of Russia. It is surrounded by Karelia to the west, the Kola Peninsula to the north, and the Kanin Peninsula to the northeast. The whole of the White Sea is under Russian sovereignty and considered to be part of...
.
There are many lakes in the district, the biggest of which are Lake Druzhinnoye, Lake Volotskoye, Lake Unzhinskoye, and Lake Pushtorskoye, all belonging to the basin of Lake Beloye.
Agriculture
There are seven farms in the district, and the number of employees in agriculture in 2010 was 325. The main directions are cattle breeding (meat and milk production) and growing of the crops.Transport
A highway connecting VologdaVologda
Vologda is a city and the administrative, cultural, and scientific center of Vologda Oblast, Russia, located on the Vologda River. The city is a major transport knot of the Northwest of Russia. Vologda is among the Russian cities possessing an especially valuable historical heritage...
and Vytegra
Vytegra
Vytegra may refer to:*Vytegra, a town in Vologda Oblast, Russia*Vytegra River, a river in Vologda Oblast, Russia...
crosses the district bypassing Lipin Bor. Another road branches off south, running via Lipin Bor to Belozersk
Belozersk
Belozersk , known as Beloozero until 1777 , is a town and the administrative center of Belozersky District of Vologda Oblast, Russia, situated on the southern bank of Lake Beloye, from which it takes the name...
. There are also local roads with bus traffic.
The Volga–Baltic Waterway (formerly known as the Mariinsk Canal System), connecting the Rybinsk Reservoir
Rybinsk Reservoir
Rybinsk Reservoir , informally called the Rybinsk Sea, is a water reservoir on the Volga River and its tributaries Sheksna and Mologa, formed by Rybinsk Hydroelectric Station dam, located on the territories of Tver, Vologda, and Yaroslavl Oblasts. At the time of its construction, it was the largest...
in the river basin of the Volga
Volga River
The Volga is the largest river in Europe in terms of length, discharge, and watershed. It flows through central Russia, and is widely viewed as the national river of Russia. Out of the twenty largest cities of Russia, eleven, including the capital Moscow, are situated in the Volga's drainage...
and Lake Onega
Lake Onega
Lake Onega is a lake in the north-west European part of Russia, located on the territory of Republic of Karelia, Leningrad Oblast and Vologda Oblast. It belongs to the basin of Baltic Sea, Atlantic Ocean, and is the second largest lake in Europe after Lake Ladoga...
in the river basin of the Neva
Neva River
The Neva is a river in northwestern Russia flowing from Lake Ladoga through the western part of Leningrad Oblast to the Neva Bay of the Gulf of Finland. Despite its modest length , it is the third largest river in Europe in terms of average discharge .The Neva is the only river flowing from Lake...
, runs through the district, following the river course of the Kovzha. Lake Beloye is also a part of the Volga-Baltic Waterway.
Culture and recreation
The district contains two cultural heritage monuments of federal significance (both are archaeological monuments which are the remains of former settlements) and forty-three objects classified as cultural and historical heritage of local significance. Most of these are wooden farms built prior to 1917.Vashkinsky District Museum is located in Lipin Bor.