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UKNC was a Soviet
Soviet Union

The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics was a Constitution of the Soviet Union socialist state that existed in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991.The name is a translation of the , romanization of Russian Soyuz Sovetskikh Sotsialisticheskikh Respublik, abbreviated ????, SSSR....
 PDP-11
PDP-11

The PDP-11 was a series of 16-bit minicomputers sold by Digital Equipment Corporation from 1970 into the 1990s. Though not explicitly conceived as successor to DEC's PDP-8 computer in the Programmed Data Processor series of computers , the PDP-11 replaced the PDP-8 in many Real-time computing....
-compatible educational computer, aimed at teaching school informatics
Informatics

Informatics is the science of information, the practice of information processing, and the engineering of information systems. Informatics studies the structure, algorithms, behavior, and interactions of natural and artificial systems that store, process, access and communicate information....
 course. It is also known as Elektronika MS-0511. UKNC stands for Educational Computer by Scientific Centre.


An interesting part of the design is the usage of a peripheral processing unit (PPU). UKNC did not have full-featured controllers for display, LAN, keyboard, clock, in-hardware debugger etc.






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UKNC was a Soviet
Soviet Union

The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics was a Constitution of the Soviet Union socialist state that existed in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991.The name is a translation of the , romanization of Russian Soyuz Sovetskikh Sotsialisticheskikh Respublik, abbreviated ????, SSSR....
 PDP-11
PDP-11

The PDP-11 was a series of 16-bit minicomputers sold by Digital Equipment Corporation from 1970 into the 1990s. Though not explicitly conceived as successor to DEC's PDP-8 computer in the Programmed Data Processor series of computers , the PDP-11 replaced the PDP-8 in many Real-time computing....
-compatible educational computer, aimed at teaching school informatics
Informatics

Informatics is the science of information, the practice of information processing, and the engineering of information systems. Informatics studies the structure, algorithms, behavior, and interactions of natural and artificial systems that store, process, access and communicate information....
 course. It is also known as Elektronika MS-0511. UKNC stands for Educational Computer by Scientific Centre.

Hardware

  • CPU: KM1801VM2 @ 8 MHz
  • Peripheral processor: KM1801VM2 @ 6 MHz (in newer models; or 4 MHz in early models, according to documentation)
  • CPU RAM: 64 KB
  • PPU RAM: 32 KB, ROM: 32 KB, video RAM: 96 KB (3 planes 32KB each, each 3-bit pixel had a bit in each plane)
  • Keyboard: 88 keys
  • built-in LAN controller
  • built-in controller for special tape-recorder with computer control (to use for data storage, usually 5-inch FDD's were used)


An interesting part of the design is the usage of a peripheral processing unit (PPU). UKNC did not have full-featured controllers for display, LAN, keyboard, clock, in-hardware debugger etc. Instead, the PPU configured peripheral devices and managed their events. In other words, the PPU simulated all the controllers.

The computer was released in 3 sub-models: 0511, 0511.1, 0511.2. The 0511.1 model, intended for home use, had a power supply for 220V AC, while others utilized 41V DC. The 0511.2 featured new firmware with extended functionality and changed the marking of the keyboard's gray keys, compared to the initial version. The photo shows an 0511.2 variant.

There was no active cooling, and at least the 0511.2 variant tended to overheat and halt after several hours of operation.

The case and keyboard (with changed markings) were re-used to produce an IBM PC clone, though less well-known than the once famous Poisk computer.

Software

  • Operating system
    Operating system

    An operating system is an interface between hardware and applications; it is responsible for the management and coordination of activities and the sharing of the limited resources of the computer....
    : RAFOS, FODOS (RT-11
    RT-11

    RT-11 was a small, single-user real-time operating system for the Digital Equipment Corporation PDP-11 family of 16-bit computers. RT-11 was first implemented in 1970 and was widely used for real-time computing systems, process control, and data acquisition across the full line of PDP-11 computers....
     clones) or RT-11SJ/FB
    RT-11

    RT-11 was a small, single-user real-time operating system for the Digital Equipment Corporation PDP-11 family of 16-bit computers. RT-11 was first implemented in 1970 and was widely used for real-time computing systems, process control, and data acquisition across the full line of PDP-11 computers....
  • LAN
    Local area network

    A local area network is a computer network covering a small physical area, like a home, office, or small group of buildings, such as a school, or an airport....
     control program
  • Programming language
    Programming language

    A programming language is a machine-readable artificial language designed to express computations that can be performed by a machine, particularly a computer....
    s:
    • BASIC
      BASIC

      In computer programming, BASIC is a family of high-level programming languages. The Dartmouth BASIC was designed in 1964 by John George Kemeny and Thomas Eugene Kurtz at Dartmouth College in New Hampshire, United States to provide computer access to non-science students....
       (Vilnius BASIC
      Vilnius BASIC

      Vilnius BASIC was a dialect of the BASIC programming language programming language running on the Elektronika Elektronika BK-0010 and UKNC computers....
      )
    • Fortran
      Fortran

      Fortran is a general-purpose programming language, procedural programming language, imperative programming language programming language that is especially suited to numerical analysis and scientific computing....
    • Pascal
      Pascal (programming language)

      Pascal is an influential imperative programming and Procedural programming programming language, designed in 1968/9 and published in 1970 by Niklaus Wirth as a small and efficient language intended to encourage good programming practices using structured programming and data structure....
    • Modula-2
      Modula-2

      Modula-2 is a computer programming language invented by Niklaus Wirth at ETH, around 1978, as a successor to his intermediate language Modula. Modula-2 was implemented in 1980 for the Lilith computer, which was commercialized in 1982 by startup company DISER as MC1 and MC2....
    • C
      C (programming language)

      C is a general-purpose computer programming language originally developed in 1972 by Dennis Ritchie at the Bell Telephone Laboratories to implement the Unix operating system....
    • Assembler
      Assembly language

      An assembly language is a low-level language for programming computers. It implements a symbolic representation of the numeric machine codes and other constants needed to program a particular CPU architecture....
    • Rapira
      Rapira

      Rapira is an educational procedural programming language developed in the Soviet Union and implemented on Agat computer. It was an interpreted language with dynamic type system and high level constructions....
    • E-practicum
    • Logo
      Logo (programming language)

      Logo is a computer programming language used for functional programming. It is an adaptation and dialect of the Lisp language; some have called it Lisp without the S-expression....
    • Prolog
      Prolog

      Prolog is a logic programming language. It is a general purpose language often associated with artificial intelligence and computational linguistics....
    • Forth
    • FOCAL


See also

  • Elektronika BK-0010
  • SM EVM
    SM EVM

    SM EVM was general name for several types of Soviet Union minicomputers in 1970s and 1980s.Production started in 1975.Most types of SM EVM have been clone s of Digital Equipment Corporation PDP-11 and VAX....
  • DVK
    DVK

    DVK is a Russian clone of Programmed Data Processor minicomputer.The design is also known as Elektronika MS-0501 and Elektronika MS-0502.Earlier models of DVK series were based on K1801BM1 or K1801BM2 microprocessors with 16 bit address bus....


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