Tvrtko II of Bosnia
Encyclopedia
Stephen Tvrtko II reigned as King of Bosnia from 1404 to 1409 and again from 1421 to his death. His reigns took place during a very turbulent part of Bosnian history.
. While it has been suggested that he was Tvrtko I's illegitimate son, it is generally accepted that he was his son by his queen, Dorothea of Bulgaria
. In 1382, his father sent a charter to the Republic of Ragusa
in which he mentioned a son of his, but not by name. Tvrtko's biographers assume that the son who was mentioned was indeed the future Tvrtko II; thus, if his mother was Queen Dorothea, who married King Tvrtko I in 1374, it can be concluded that Tvrtko II was born between 1374 and 1382.
King Tvrtko I died suddenly in 1391. Since Tvrtko II was still underage, Stephen Dabiša was elected king. Four years later, Dabiša himself is dead and his widow, Helen Gruba, is elected his successor. She was replaced in 1398 not by Tvrtko II, but by Tvrtko II's illegitimate half-brother, Stephen Ostoja.
under Hrvoje Vukčić
(Ban of Croatia
, Grand Duke of Bosnia
and a Duke of Split
), replaced Stephen Ostoja by his brother, Tvrtko II, because of his poor rule.
, a Hungarian noblewoman. They had no children.
, King of Serbs
, Bosnia
, the Seaside, the Hum Land
, the Western Lands, the Lower Edges, Usora, Soli
and the Drina
Family connections
Tvrtko II was a member of the House of Kotromanić, son of King Tvrtko I of BosniaTvrtko I of Bosnia
Stjepan Tvrtko I was a ruler of medieval Bosnia. He ruled in 1353–1366 and again in 1367–1377 as Ban and in 1377–1391 as the first Bosnian King....
. While it has been suggested that he was Tvrtko I's illegitimate son, it is generally accepted that he was his son by his queen, Dorothea of Bulgaria
Dorothea of Bulgaria
Dorothea of Bulgaria was the first Queen of Bosnia.-Early life:She was the daughter of Emperor Ivan Sratsimir of Bulgaria and his wife Anna of Wallachia....
. In 1382, his father sent a charter to the Republic of Ragusa
Republic of Ragusa
The Republic of Ragusa or Republic of Dubrovnik was a maritime republic centered on the city of Dubrovnik in Dalmatia , that existed from 1358 to 1808...
in which he mentioned a son of his, but not by name. Tvrtko's biographers assume that the son who was mentioned was indeed the future Tvrtko II; thus, if his mother was Queen Dorothea, who married King Tvrtko I in 1374, it can be concluded that Tvrtko II was born between 1374 and 1382.
King Tvrtko I died suddenly in 1391. Since Tvrtko II was still underage, Stephen Dabiša was elected king. Four years later, Dabiša himself is dead and his widow, Helen Gruba, is elected his successor. She was replaced in 1398 not by Tvrtko II, but by Tvrtko II's illegitimate half-brother, Stephen Ostoja.
First Reign as King of Bosnia
In 1404, the BosniansBosnians
Bosnians are people who reside in, or come from, Bosnia and Herzegovina. By the modern state definition a Bosnian can be anyone who holds citizenship of the state. This includes, but is not limited to, members of the constituent ethnic groups of Bosnia and Herzegovina: Bosniaks, Bosnian Serbs and...
under Hrvoje Vukčić
Hrvoje Vukcic
Hrvoje Vukčić Hrvatinić was a Ban of Croatia, Grand Duke of Bosnia and a Herzog of Split. He was the most prominent member of the Croatian noble House of Hrvatinić and the strongest of the three main large feudalists of early feudal medieval Bosnia...
(Ban of Croatia
Ban of Croatia
Ban of Croatia was the title of local rulers and after 1102 viceroys of Croatia. From earliest periods of Croatian state, some provinces were ruled by Bans as a rulers representative and supreme military commander. In the 18th century, Croatian bans eventually become chief government officials in...
, Grand Duke of Bosnia
Bosnia (region)
Bosnia is a eponomous region of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It lies mainly in the Dinaric Alps, ranging to the southern borders of the Pannonian plain, with the rivers Sava and Drina marking its northern and eastern borders. The other eponomous region, the southern, other half of the country is...
and a Duke of Split
Split (city)
Split is a Mediterranean city on the eastern shores of the Adriatic Sea, centered around the ancient Roman Palace of the Emperor Diocletian and its wide port bay. With a population of 178,192 citizens, and a metropolitan area numbering up to 467,899, Split is by far the largest Dalmatian city and...
), replaced Stephen Ostoja by his brother, Tvrtko II, because of his poor rule.
Marriage
King Tvrtko II was married to Dorothy GaraiDorothy Garai
Dorothy Garai was Queen consort of Bosnia as spouse of King Tvrtko II of Bosnia.-Family and engagement:She was the daughter of powerful Hungarian nobleman, John Garai, who governed Croatia as ban, and a descendant of a notable Hungarian noble family of Garai. Dorothea's grandfather was Palatine...
, a Hungarian noblewoman. They had no children.
Full title
By the Grace of GodBy the Grace of God
By the Grace of God is an introductory part of the full styles of a monarch taken to be ruling by divine right, not a title in its own right....
, King of Serbs
Serbs
The Serbs are a South Slavic ethnic group of the Balkans and southern Central Europe. Serbs are located mainly in Serbia, Montenegro and Bosnia and Herzegovina, and form a sizable minority in Croatia, the Republic of Macedonia and Slovenia. Likewise, Serbs are an officially recognized minority in...
, Bosnia
Bosnia (region)
Bosnia is a eponomous region of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It lies mainly in the Dinaric Alps, ranging to the southern borders of the Pannonian plain, with the rivers Sava and Drina marking its northern and eastern borders. The other eponomous region, the southern, other half of the country is...
, the Seaside, the Hum Land
Zahumlje
Zachlumia or Zahumlje was a medieval principality located in modern-day regions of Herzegovina and southern Dalmatia...
, the Western Lands, the Lower Edges, Usora, Soli
Soli
Soli can refer to:* Soli, Cyprus, an ancient city on the island of Cyprus.* Soli, Cilicia, an ancient city in Cilicia, later renamed Pompeiopolis.* Soli, a 10th century name for Tuzla, a city in Bosnia and Herzegovina....
and the Drina
Drina
The Drina is a 346 kilometer long river, which forms most of the border between Bosnia and Herzegovina and Serbia. It is the longest tributary of the Sava River and the longest karst river in the Dinaric Alps which belongs to the Danube river watershed...