Trần Quốc Tảng
Encyclopedia
Prince Hưng Nhượng Trần Quốc Tảng (Hán tự: 陳國顙; ?–1313) was the third son of Prince Hưng Đạo Trần Quốc Tuấn. He was a general of the Trần Dynasty during the reign of emperors Trần Nhân Tông and Trần Anh Tông
who was also his son-in-law. As a member of Yên Sinh's line in Trần clan, Trần Quốc Tảng supported the plot of taking over the throne from Trần Cảnh's line which was opposed by his father Trần Quốc Tuấn and his elder brother Trần Quốc Nghiễn, this difference made Prince Hưng Đạo break off the paternal relation with Trần Quốc Tảng until his death in 1300.
: Hưng Nhượng vương) Trần Quốc Tảng was born in Yên Sinh fief (now Đông Triều District, Quảng Ninh) as the third son of Prince Hưng Đạo Trần Quốc Tuấn, leader of Yên Sinh's line in Trần clan. After the 1237 event in which Trần Liễu
, Trần Quốc Tuấn's father, was forced by grand chancellor Trần Thủ Độ, to give up his pregnant wife Thuận Thiên
to his younger brother Trần Cảnh, an inherited hatred began to take form between the Yên Sinh's line of Trần Liễu including Trần Quốc Tuấn and Trần Cảnh's line including the emperors Thánh Tông
and Nhân Tông. Before his death, Trần Liễu made his son Prince Hưng Đạo Trần Quốc Tuấn promise to revenge for him by taking over the throne but due to the situation of Đại Việt when the Trần Dynasty had to face with three consecutive invasions
from the Yuan Dynasty
, Trần Quốc Tuấn preferred keeping a harmony between him and Prince Chiêu Minh Trần Quang Khải
who was the other commander of Đại Việt's army and also a member of Trần Cảnh's line.
After being the commander in chief of Đại Việt's army with a supreme power in royal court, Trần Quốc Tuấn began to reflect on his father's last will and thus seek advice from his servants and surbodinates. The idea of taking over the throne was immediately opposed by Trần Quốc Tuấn's two most-trusted servants, Yết Kiêu and Dã Tượng, so did his eldest son Prince Hưng Vũ Trần Quốc Nghiễn. While their opinions made Prince Hưng Đạo satisfied, his third son Trần Quốc Tảng, on the contrary, proved to support the plot in suggesting his father the story of Emperor Taizu of Song
who founded the Song Dynasty
by taking over the throne from Later Zhou Dynasty
. Trần Quốc Tuấn was so angry after hearing his son's response that he even wanted to kill Trần Quốc Tảng but was stopped by Prince Hưng Vũ. Afterwards, Prince Hưng Đạo Trần Quốc Tuấn decided to break off the paternal relation with his son.
Besides the clash with his father, Trần Quốc Tảng's life was rarely mentioned in Đại Việt sử kí toàn thư, the most comprehensive historical account about dynastic eras of Vietnam. It was said that the general Trần Quốc Tảng fought with his brothers under the command of Trần Quốc Tuấn during the second Mongol invasion of Đại Việt
and was promoted to governor (tiết độ sứ) after the war. Together with Prince Chiêu Minh Trần Nhật Duật
, he did participated in a military campaign in 1297 with the purpose of putting down a revolt rose in the mountainous region. Prince Hưng Nhượng Trần Quốc Tảng was also one of the first mandarins in royal court realized the bad character of Trần Khắc Chung after his trip to Champa
with the purpose of saving Princess Huyền Trân
from the death.
Trần Quốc Tảng deceased in March 1313, he was posthumously entitled as prime minister (thái úy) of the royal court.
Trần Thuyên and eventually became the Empress Thuận Thánh Bảo Từ, empress and later empress mother of the Trần Dynasty. He had another child, Prince Văn Huệ (Văn Huệ công) Trần Quốc Triều, who also held an important position in royal court.
, who was elder brother of Trần Hưng Đạo, this confusion came from the collection Hoàng Việt văn tuyển of Bùi Huy Bích. Nowadays, Trần Quốc Tảng was still worshipped as a deity at Cửa Ông Temple (Cẩm Phả District, Quảng Ninh) near his native land and at a temple in Lạng Sơn
, every year a traditional festival is held in Cửa Ông to commemorate the feats of Trần Quốc Tảng.
Trần Anh Tông
Trần Anh Tông , given name Trần Thuyên , was the fourth emperor of the Trần Dynasty, reigning over Đại Việt from 1293 to 1314. After ceding the throne to his son Trần Minh Tông, Anh Tông held the title Thái thượng hoàng for six years...
who was also his son-in-law. As a member of Yên Sinh's line in Trần clan, Trần Quốc Tảng supported the plot of taking over the throne from Trần Cảnh's line which was opposed by his father Trần Quốc Tuấn and his elder brother Trần Quốc Nghiễn, this difference made Prince Hưng Đạo break off the paternal relation with Trần Quốc Tảng until his death in 1300.
History
Prince Hưng Nhượng (興讓王, VietnameseVietnamese language
Vietnamese is the national and official language of Vietnam. It is the mother tongue of 86% of Vietnam's population, and of about three million overseas Vietnamese. It is also spoken as a second language by many ethnic minorities of Vietnam...
: Hưng Nhượng vương) Trần Quốc Tảng was born in Yên Sinh fief (now Đông Triều District, Quảng Ninh) as the third son of Prince Hưng Đạo Trần Quốc Tuấn, leader of Yên Sinh's line in Trần clan. After the 1237 event in which Trần Liễu
Trần Liễu
Prince Yên Sinh Trần Liễu was the elder brother of the Trần Thái Tông, the first emperor of Trần Dynasty. Initially, Trần Liễu was honoured by his younger brother with the title King Hiển but he was downgraded to Prince Yên Sinh after the short-lived revolt in fury of losing his pregnant wife,...
, Trần Quốc Tuấn's father, was forced by grand chancellor Trần Thủ Độ, to give up his pregnant wife Thuận Thiên
Thuận Thiên (empress)
Empress Thuận Thiên Empress Thuận Thiên Empress Thuận Thiên (Lý Ngọc Oanh (1216–1248) was the second empress of Trần Dynasty, she succeeded her younger sister Empress Chiêu Thánh in 1237 by an arrangement of Trần Thủ Độ in which Prince Hoài Trần Liễu was forced to give up his 3-month pregnant...
to his younger brother Trần Cảnh, an inherited hatred began to take form between the Yên Sinh's line of Trần Liễu including Trần Quốc Tuấn and Trần Cảnh's line including the emperors Thánh Tông
Tran Thanh Tong
Trần Thánh Tông , given name Trần Hoảng , was the second emperor of the Trần Dynasty, reigning over Đại Việt from 1258 to 1278. After ceding the throne to his son Trần Nhân Tông, Thánh Tông held the title Thái thượng hoàng from 1279 to his death in 1290...
and Nhân Tông. Before his death, Trần Liễu made his son Prince Hưng Đạo Trần Quốc Tuấn promise to revenge for him by taking over the throne but due to the situation of Đại Việt when the Trần Dynasty had to face with three consecutive invasions
Mongol invasions of Vietnam
Mongol invasions of Vietnam or Mongol-Vietnamese War refer to the three times that the Mongol Empire and its chief khanate the Yuan Dynasty invaded Đại Việt during the Trần Dynasty and the Kingdom of Champa: in 1257–1258, 1284–1285, and 1287–1288. The Mongols were defeated by Đại...
from the Yuan Dynasty
Yuan Dynasty
The Yuan Dynasty , or Great Yuan Empire was a ruling dynasty founded by the Mongol leader Kublai Khan, who ruled most of present-day China, all of modern Mongolia and its surrounding areas, lasting officially from 1271 to 1368. It is considered both as a division of the Mongol Empire and as an...
, Trần Quốc Tuấn preferred keeping a harmony between him and Prince Chiêu Minh Trần Quang Khải
Trần Quang Khải
Prince Chiêu Minh Trần Quang Khải was the third son of Trần Thái Tông, first emperor of the Trần Dynasty. Being younger brother of the Emperor Trần Thánh Tông and holding the position of grand chancellor of the Trần Dynasty for many years, Trần Quang Khải was one of the most important figures of...
who was the other commander of Đại Việt's army and also a member of Trần Cảnh's line.
After being the commander in chief of Đại Việt's army with a supreme power in royal court, Trần Quốc Tuấn began to reflect on his father's last will and thus seek advice from his servants and surbodinates. The idea of taking over the throne was immediately opposed by Trần Quốc Tuấn's two most-trusted servants, Yết Kiêu and Dã Tượng, so did his eldest son Prince Hưng Vũ Trần Quốc Nghiễn. While their opinions made Prince Hưng Đạo satisfied, his third son Trần Quốc Tảng, on the contrary, proved to support the plot in suggesting his father the story of Emperor Taizu of Song
Emperor Taizu of Song
Emperor Tàizǔ , born Zhao Kuangyin , was the founder of the Song Dynasty of China, reigning from 960 to 976.-Ancestry and early life:...
who founded the Song Dynasty
Song Dynasty
The Song Dynasty was a ruling dynasty in China between 960 and 1279; it succeeded the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period, and was followed by the Yuan Dynasty. It was the first government in world history to issue banknotes or paper money, and the first Chinese government to establish a...
by taking over the throne from Later Zhou Dynasty
Later Zhou Dynasty
The Later Zhou Dynasty was the last a succession of five dynasties that controlled most of northern China during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period, which lasted from 907 to 960 and bridged the gap between the Tang Dynasty and the Song Dynasty.-Founding of the Dynasty:Guo Wei, a Han...
. Trần Quốc Tuấn was so angry after hearing his son's response that he even wanted to kill Trần Quốc Tảng but was stopped by Prince Hưng Vũ. Afterwards, Prince Hưng Đạo Trần Quốc Tuấn decided to break off the paternal relation with his son.
Besides the clash with his father, Trần Quốc Tảng's life was rarely mentioned in Đại Việt sử kí toàn thư, the most comprehensive historical account about dynastic eras of Vietnam. It was said that the general Trần Quốc Tảng fought with his brothers under the command of Trần Quốc Tuấn during the second Mongol invasion of Đại Việt
Mongol invasions of Vietnam
Mongol invasions of Vietnam or Mongol-Vietnamese War refer to the three times that the Mongol Empire and its chief khanate the Yuan Dynasty invaded Đại Việt during the Trần Dynasty and the Kingdom of Champa: in 1257–1258, 1284–1285, and 1287–1288. The Mongols were defeated by Đại...
and was promoted to governor (tiết độ sứ) after the war. Together with Prince Chiêu Minh Trần Nhật Duật
Trần Nhật Duật
Prince Chiêu Văn Trần Nhật Duật was the sixth prince of Trần Thái Tông, first emperor of Trần Dynasty. Being younger brother of the Emperor Trần Thánh Tông, Trần Nhật Duật was one of the most important figures of Trần family and royal court during the reigns of four successive emperors Thánh Tông,...
, he did participated in a military campaign in 1297 with the purpose of putting down a revolt rose in the mountainous region. Prince Hưng Nhượng Trần Quốc Tảng was also one of the first mandarins in royal court realized the bad character of Trần Khắc Chung after his trip to Champa
Champa
The kingdom of Champa was an Indianized kingdom that controlled what is now southern and central Vietnam from approximately the 7th century through to 1832.The Cham people are remnants...
with the purpose of saving Princess Huyền Trân
Huyen Tran
Princess Huyền Trân , was a princess during the Trần Dynasty in the history of Vietnam. She was the daughter of Emperor Trần Nhân Tông and the younger sister of Emperor Trần Anh Tông...
from the death.
Trần Quốc Tảng deceased in March 1313, he was posthumously entitled as prime minister (thái úy) of the royal court.
Family
In February 1291, Trần Quốc Tảng's daughter was married to crown princeCrown Prince
A crown prince or crown princess is the heir or heiress apparent to the throne in a royal or imperial monarchy. The wife of a crown prince is also titled crown princess....
Trần Thuyên and eventually became the Empress Thuận Thánh Bảo Từ, empress and later empress mother of the Trần Dynasty. He had another child, Prince Văn Huệ (Văn Huệ công) Trần Quốc Triều, who also held an important position in royal court.
Legacy
Sometimes Trần Quốc Tảng was mistaken with his uncle, Master Tuệ TrungTue Trung
Tue Trung Thuong Si is recognized as one of the most significant Buddhist masters of medieval Vietnam, a Thiền teacher and a poet.-Biography:...
, who was elder brother of Trần Hưng Đạo, this confusion came from the collection Hoàng Việt văn tuyển of Bùi Huy Bích. Nowadays, Trần Quốc Tảng was still worshipped as a deity at Cửa Ông Temple (Cẩm Phả District, Quảng Ninh) near his native land and at a temple in Lạng Sơn
Lang Son
Lạng Sơn , sometimes Langson, is a city in far northern Vietnam, is the capital of Lang Son province. It is accessible by road and rail from Hanoi, the Vietnamese capital, and it is the northernmost point on National Road 1A.-History:...
, every year a traditional festival is held in Cửa Ông to commemorate the feats of Trần Quốc Tảng.