Treaty of Kalisz
Encyclopedia
The Treaty of Kalisz was a peace treaty
signed by King Casimir III the Great
of Poland and the Teutonic Knights
on 2 June 1343 in Kalisz
.
It concluded the Polish-Teutonic War (1326–1332). The Polish king had to renounce claims to Chełmno Land
and Gdańsk Pomerania
(Pomerelia). In exchange, Poland regained Kuyavia
and the Lands of Dobrzyń
. The Polish side also acknowledged other territorial acquisitions of the Order, e.g. those gained by the Treaty of Soldin
.
However, King Casimir (and subsequently his successors) did not stop using the title of Duke of Pomerania. This was based on a separate clause of the treaty which did recognize that he had previously been the suzerain of the concerned lands. Additionally, in the treaty Poland did not recognize the right of the Order to the lands, leaving their status in a legal limbo; Poland had renounced its claims, but it did not recognize those of the Order.
As part of the treaty, the king of Poland also became a patron of the Order, which was obliged to aid Poland militarily, and make symbolic feudal payments. In practice, this meant that if the Order ever went to war against the Polish kings, it would loose all rights to the lands which were subject of the treaty. As a result, while Pomerelia remained a subject of contention, the treaty was followed by a 66-year span of peace, until the conflict erupted again in the Polish–Lithuanian–Teutonic War of 1409. By the Second Peace of Thorn in 1466, the Polish crown regained the Pomerelian lands, which were then incorporated into Royal Prussia
.
Peace treaty
A peace treaty is an agreement between two or more hostile parties, usually countries or governments, that formally ends a state of war between the parties...
signed by King Casimir III the Great
Casimir III of Poland
Casimir III the Great , last King of Poland from the Piast dynasty , was the son of King Władysław I the Elbow-high and Hedwig of Kalisz.-Biography:...
of Poland and the Teutonic Knights
Teutonic Knights
The Order of Brothers of the German House of Saint Mary in Jerusalem , commonly the Teutonic Order , is a German medieval military order, in modern times a purely religious Catholic order...
on 2 June 1343 in Kalisz
Kalisz
Kalisz is a city in central Poland with 106,857 inhabitants , the capital city of the Kalisz Region. Situated on the Prosna river in the southeastern part of the Greater Poland Voivodeship, the city forms a conurbation with the nearby towns of Ostrów Wielkopolski and Nowe Skalmierzyce...
.
It concluded the Polish-Teutonic War (1326–1332). The Polish king had to renounce claims to Chełmno Land
Chełmno Land
Chełmno land or Chełmno region is a historical region of Poland, located in central Poland, bounded by the Vistula and Drwęca rivers....
and Gdańsk Pomerania
Gdańsk Pomerania
For the medieval duchy, see Pomeranian duchies and dukesGdańsk Pomerania or Eastern Pomerania is a geographical region in northern Poland covering eastern part of Pomeranian Voivodeship...
(Pomerelia). In exchange, Poland regained Kuyavia
Kuyavia
Kujawy , is a historical and ethnographic region in the north-central Poland, situated in the basin of the middle Vistula and upper Noteć Rivers, with its capital in Włocławek.-Etymology:The origin of the name Kujawy was seen differently in history...
and the Lands of Dobrzyń
Dobrzyn Land
Dobrzyń Land is a historic region around the town of Dobrzyń nad Wisłą in Poland, east of the Vistula River and south of the Drwęca, where it borders on the Kulmerland...
. The Polish side also acknowledged other territorial acquisitions of the Order, e.g. those gained by the Treaty of Soldin
Treaty of Soldin
The Treaty of Soldin was signed on 13 September 1309 at Soldin by Waldemar, Margrave of Brandenburg-Stendal, and the Teutonic Order....
.
However, King Casimir (and subsequently his successors) did not stop using the title of Duke of Pomerania. This was based on a separate clause of the treaty which did recognize that he had previously been the suzerain of the concerned lands. Additionally, in the treaty Poland did not recognize the right of the Order to the lands, leaving their status in a legal limbo; Poland had renounced its claims, but it did not recognize those of the Order.
As part of the treaty, the king of Poland also became a patron of the Order, which was obliged to aid Poland militarily, and make symbolic feudal payments. In practice, this meant that if the Order ever went to war against the Polish kings, it would loose all rights to the lands which were subject of the treaty. As a result, while Pomerelia remained a subject of contention, the treaty was followed by a 66-year span of peace, until the conflict erupted again in the Polish–Lithuanian–Teutonic War of 1409. By the Second Peace of Thorn in 1466, the Polish crown regained the Pomerelian lands, which were then incorporated into Royal Prussia
Royal Prussia
Royal Prussia was a Region of the Kingdom of Poland and of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth . Polish Prussia included Pomerelia, Chełmno Land , Malbork Voivodeship , Gdańsk , Toruń , and Elbląg . It is distinguished from Ducal Prussia...
.