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In linguistic
Linguistics

Linguistics is the science study of natural language. Linguistics encompasses a number of sub-fields. An important topical division is between the study of language structure and the study of Meaning ....
 morphology
Morphology (linguistics)

Morphology is the identification, analysis and description of structure of words . While words are generally accepted as being the smallest units of syntax, it is clear that in most languages, words can be related to other words by rules....
, a transfix is a discontinuous affix
Affix

An affix is a morpheme that is attached to a word stem to form a new word. Affixes may be derivation , like English -ness and pre-, or inflectional, like English plural -s and past tense -ed....
, which occurs at more than one position in a word. The prototypical example comes from the Semitic languages
Semitic languages

File:Amarna Akkadian letter.pngThe Semitic languages are a group of related languages whose living representatives are spoken by more than 467 million people across much of the Middle East, North Africa and the Horn of Africa....
, where nearly all word derivation and inflection involves the interdigitation of a discontinuous root
Nonconcatenative morphology

Nonconcatenative morphology is a form of word-formation in which the root is modified in a way other than by stringing morphemes together. In English language, for example, plurals are usually formed by adding the suffix /z/:...
 with a discontinuous affix. For example, derivations and inflections of the Maltese
Maltese language

Maltese is the national language of Malta, and a co-official Languages of Malta alongside English language,while also serving as an Languages of the European Union European Union, the only Semitic languages so distinguished....
 discontinuous triliteral
Triliteral

The root of verbs and most nouns in the Semitic languages are characterized as a sequence of consonants or "radicals" . Such abstract consonantal roots are used in the derivation of actual words by adding the vowels and non-root consonants which go with a particular morphological category around the root consonants, in an appropriate...
 root |k-t-b| (to write) are shown below:








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In linguistic
Linguistics

Linguistics is the science study of natural language. Linguistics encompasses a number of sub-fields. An important topical division is between the study of language structure and the study of Meaning ....
 morphology
Morphology (linguistics)

Morphology is the identification, analysis and description of structure of words . While words are generally accepted as being the smallest units of syntax, it is clear that in most languages, words can be related to other words by rules....
, a transfix is a discontinuous affix
Affix

An affix is a morpheme that is attached to a word stem to form a new word. Affixes may be derivation , like English -ness and pre-, or inflectional, like English plural -s and past tense -ed....
, which occurs at more than one position in a word. The prototypical example comes from the Semitic languages
Semitic languages

File:Amarna Akkadian letter.pngThe Semitic languages are a group of related languages whose living representatives are spoken by more than 467 million people across much of the Middle East, North Africa and the Horn of Africa....
, where nearly all word derivation and inflection involves the interdigitation of a discontinuous root
Nonconcatenative morphology

Nonconcatenative morphology is a form of word-formation in which the root is modified in a way other than by stringing morphemes together. In English language, for example, plurals are usually formed by adding the suffix /z/:...
 with a discontinuous affix. For example, derivations and inflections of the Maltese
Maltese language

Maltese is the national language of Malta, and a co-official Languages of Malta alongside English language,while also serving as an Languages of the European Union European Union, the only Semitic languages so distinguished....
 discontinuous triliteral
Triliteral

The root of verbs and most nouns in the Semitic languages are characterized as a sequence of consonants or "radicals" . Such abstract consonantal roots are used in the derivation of actual words by adding the vowels and non-root consonants which go with a particular morphological category around the root consonants, in an appropriate...
 root |k-t-b| (to write) are shown below:

 Transfixes on Maltese k-t-b
transfix word gloss
-i-e- kiteb "he wrote"
-i--u kitbu "they wrote"
mi--u- miktub "written"
--ie- ktieb "book"
-o--a kotba "books"


See also

  • Nonconcatenative morphology
    Nonconcatenative morphology

    Nonconcatenative morphology is a form of word-formation in which the root is modified in a way other than by stringing morphemes together. In English language, for example, plurals are usually formed by adding the suffix /z/:...
  • Prefix
    Prefix

    A prefix is an affix which is placed before the stem of a word. The word "prefix" is itself made up of the stem fix , and the prefix pre- , both of which are derived from Latin root s....
  • Suffix
    Suffix

    In grammar, a suffix is an affix which is placed after the stem of a word. Common examples are case endings, which indicate the grammatical case of nouns or adjectives, and verb endings, which form the grammatical conjugation of verbs....
  • Infix
    Infix

    An infix is an affix inserted inside a stem . It contrasts with adfix, a rare term for an affix attached to the outside of a stem, such as a prefix or suffix....
  • Circumfix
    Circumfix

    A circumfix is an affix, a morpheme that is placed around another morpheme. Circumfixes contrast with Prefix es, attached to the beginnings of words; Affix, that are attached at the end; and infixes, inserted in the middle....
  • Interfix
    Interfix

    Interfix is a term in linguistics and more specifically, morphology . It describes an affix which is placed in between two other morphemes and does not have a semantics meaning....
  • Simulfix
    Simulfix

    In linguistics, a simulfix is a type of affix that changes one or more existing phonemes in order to modify the meaning of a morpheme.Examples of simulfixes in English are generally considered irregularities, all of which left over from pluralization rules that existed before the Great Vowel Shift....
  • Suprafix
    Suprafix

    In linguistics, a suprafix is a type of affix where a suprasegmental change modifies an existing morpheme's meaning. In many languages, they are used to differentiate between otherwise identical lexemes, but in some they are used derivation_ally or inflectionally....
  • Duplifix