Tosafists

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Alphabetical list of Tosafists

• ; A(HaRA): Quoted in the edited tosafot to M. ?. 14b, 19a, 20b, 21a et seq.

• ; Abigdor ben Elijah ha-Kohen: Flourished in the middle of the thirteenth century; his tosafot are mentioned in the edited tosafot to Ket. 63b.

• ; Asher ben Jehiel
  Asher ben Jehiel
  
  Asher ben Jehiel was an eminent rabbi and Talmudist best known for his abstract of Talmudic law. He is often referred to as Rabbenu Asher, ?our Rabbi Asher? or by the Hebrew language acronym for this title, the ROSH ....
  : His tosafot, entitled Tosefot ha-Rosh or Tosefe Tosafot, appeared in various epochs and works. Many of them were inserted by Bezalel Ashkenazi
  Bezalel Ashkenazi
  
  Bezalel Ashkenazi , a rabbi and scholar of the Talmud, lived in the Palestine during the sixteenth century. He is best known as the author of Shittah Mekubetzet, a commentary on the Talmud....
   in his Shi??ah Me?ubbe?et; those to Yebamot and Ketubot appeared separately at Leghorn, 1776; to Sotah, partly at Prague, 1725, and partly in Jacob Faitusi's Mar'eh ha-Ofannim (Leghorn, 1810); to Megillah
  Megillah
  
  The English word "megillah" was derived from the Hebrew language "megillah", meaning "scroll." It can refer to:Bible:*The Scroll of Esther , read on the Jewish holiday of Purim....
   and Shevuot, in Elijah Borgel's Migdanot Natan (ib. 1785); and to Kiddushin, in the Ma'aseh Ro?em (Pisa, 1806). They are included in the Vilna Romm
  Vilna Edition Shas
  
  The Vilna Edition of the Talmud, printed in Vilna , Lithuania, is by far the most common Printing edition of the Talmud still in use today as the basic text for Torah study in yeshivas and by all scholars of Judaism....
   edition of the Talmud.

• ; Baruch ben Isaac
  Baruch ben Isaac
  
  Baruch ben Isaac was a Tosafist and codifier who was born at Worms, Germany, but lived at Regensburg; he is sometimes called after the one and sometimes after the other city....
   .

• ; Eleazar ben Judah of Worms
  Elazar Rokeach
  
  Eleazar ben Judah ben Kalonymus of Worms, Germany was a leading Talmudist and kabbalist, and the last major member of the Chassidei Ashkenaz , a group of Jewish German pietists....
  : Author of tosafot to Baba ?amma, extracts from which are found in Bezalel Ashkenazi
  Bezalel Ashkenazi
  
  Bezalel Ashkenazi , a rabbi and scholar of the Talmud, lived in the Palestine during the sixteenth century. He is best known as the author of Shittah Mekubetzet, a commentary on the Talmud....
  's Shi??ah Me?ubbe?et.

• ; Elhanan b. Isaac: Flourished at the end of the twelfth century; his tosafot are mentioned by Abraham b. David in his "Temim De'im" and in the edited tosafot to B. M. 11b and Sheb. 28a. His tosafot to Nedarim are referred to by Joseph Colon (Responsa, No. 52); those to Megillah, in Isaiah di Trani's "Ha-Makria'" (No. 31, p. 19d); those to 'Abodah Zarah, in "Mordekai" (No. 1364).

• ; Eliezer b. Joel ha-Levi: Flourished in the beginning of the thirteenth century; author of tosafot to several treatises (comp. Michael, "Or ha-?ayyim," No. 427).

• ; Eliezer ben Samuel of Metz (Re'EM): Author of tosafot to several treatises, of which those to ?ullin were seen by Azulai.

• ; Eliezer of Toul: French tosafist of the beginning of the thirteenth century, whose tosafot are mentioned by Zedekiah Anaw in his "Shibbole ha-Le?e?."

• ; Eliezer of Touques: (see above and Jew. Encyc. v. 120).

• ; Elijah ben Menahem: His tosafot are mentioned in "Haggahot Maimuniyyot," ?innim, No. 20.

• ; I (RI, probably R. Isaac, but not to be confused with Isaac b. Samuel ha-Za?en, who occurs most often as RI): His tosafot, in which the older RI is quoted, are mentioned by Samson b. Zadok ("Tashbe?," § 336).

• ; Isaac ben Abraham (RIBA or RI?BA), surnamed ha-Ba?ur ("the younger," in distinction from his teacher Isaac ben Samuel ha-Za?en): Brother of Samson ben Abraham of Sens. Like his brother, Isaac lived as a youth at Troyes, where he attended the lectures of Jacob Tam ("Temim De'im," No. 87), and afterward at Sens (ib.; "Haggahot Maimuniyyot," Ishut, No. 6). After the death of Isaac ben Samuel, Isaac ben Abraham succeeded him as head of the school of Dampierre, after which place he is often called ("Or Zarua'," i. 225a). Isaac ben Abraham was one of the French rabbis to whom Meïr ben Todros Abulafia addressed his letter against Maimonides' theory of resurrection. He died at Dampierre prior to 1210, not long before his brother Samson emigrated to Palestine ("Sema?," No. 31; "Mordekai" on Ketubot, No. 357). As he is mentioned often in the edited tosafot (Shab. 3a, passim; Yoma 20a; et al.) and by many other authorities ("Or Zarua'," i. 26b; "Shibbole ha-Le?e?," i., No. 231), it may be concluded that he wrote tosafot to several Talmudic treatises. Those to Bekorot were in the possession of ?ayyim Michael of Hamburg. Isaac ben Abraham is frequently mentioned as a Biblical commentator ("Da'at Ze?enim," 3a, 48b, 49b, Leghorn, 1783; "Min?at Yehudah," 3a, 13a), and his ritual decisions and responsa are often quoted ("Or Zarua'," i. 13b et passim; Meïr of Rothenburg, Responsa, No. 176; et al.).

• ; Isaac ben Abraham ha-Ba?ur: may be identical with the liturgical poet Isaac b. Abraham who wrote a hymn beginning "Yeshabbe?uneka be-?ol miflal," for Sim?at Torah or for the Sabbath after it, and a seli?ah for Yom Kippur beginning "Hen yom ba la-Adonai" (comp. Zunz, "Literaturgesch." p. 335).

• ; Isaac b. Asher ha-Levi
  Isaac b. Asher ha-Levi
  
  Rabbi Isaac ben Asher HaLevi or Riva is the earliest known Tosafist, son-in-law of Eliakim ben Meshullam and pupil of Rashi. He flourished in Speyer during the 11th century....
   : (see above and Jew. Encyc. vi. 620).

• ; Isaac ben Jacob ha-Laban: Pupil of Jacob Tam and one of the earlier tosafists ("ba'ale tosafot yeshanim"). He was the author of a commentary on Ketubot quoted by Isaac Or Zarua' (see Judah Minz, Responsa, No. 10). He is quoted very often in the edited tosafot (Yeb. 5b; B. ?. 72a; et al.).

• ; Isaac ben Meïr (Rivam
  Rivam
  
  The Rivam , Rabbi Yitzchak ben Meir, was one of the Tosafist. He was the grandson of Rashi, and brother of the Rashbam and the Rabbeinu Tam....
  ) of Ramerupt: Grandson of Rashi, and brother of Samuel b. Meïr (RaSHBaM) and Jacob Tam; died before his father, leaving four children (Jacob Tam, "Sefer ha-Yashar," No. 616, p. 72b, Vienna, 1811). Although he died young, Isaac wrote tosafot, mentioned by Eliezer b. Joel ha-Levi ("Abi ha-'Ezri," § 417), to severaltreatises of the Talmud. Isaac himself is often quoted in the edited tosafot (Shab. 138a; Ket. 29b et passim).

• ; Isaac ben Mordecai of Regensburg (RIBaM): Flourished in the twelfth century; pupil of Isaac b. Asher ha-Levi. He corresponded with Jacob Tam and was a fellow pupil of Moses b. Joel and Ephraim b. Isaac. His tosafot are quoted by Eliezer b. Joel ha-Levi (l.c. § 420) and Meïr of Rothenburg ("Sema?ot," § 73; "Haggahot Maimuniyyot," Abelot, p. 294a). He is often quoted also in the edited tosafot (Ket. 55a; B. ?. 22b et passim).

• ; Isaac ben Reuben: His tosafot are mentioned in the "Shi??ah Me?ubbe?et," Ketubot, 43a. He may be identical with the Isaac b. Reuben who made a comment on Rashi to B. ?. 32d.

• ; Isaac ben Samuel ha-Za?en

• ; Isaiah di Trani
  Isaiah di Trani
  
  Isaiah di Trani ben Mali , better known as the RID, was a prominent Italian talmudist....
   (RID): Italian tosafist of the first half of the thirteenth century. The greater part of his tosafot were published under the title "Tosefot R. Yesha'yahu" (Lemberg, 1861-69); and many were inserted by Bezaleel Ashkenazi in his "Shi??ah Me?ubbe?et."

• ; Israel of Bamberg: Lived in the middle of the thirteenth century; mentioned as an author of tosafot in "Mordekai" (to 'Ab. Zarah, Nos. 1244, 1279, 1295, 1356) and "Haggahot Mordekai" (to Shab. xiv.). Extracts from the tosafot of Israel's pupils were reproduced by Bezaleel Ashkenazi (l.c.).

• ; J. Cohen: Supposedly a contemporary of Meïr b. Baruch of Rothenburg, and perhaps identical with Judah ha-Kohen, Meïr's relative. In the extracts from his tosafot to Baba ?amma, inserted in the "Shi??ah Me?ubbe?et," he quotes, among many other authorities, his still living teacher, the Kohen whom Zunz ("Z. G." p. 42) supposes to be identical with Abigdor b. Elijah ha-Kohen. From the "Shi??ah Me?ubbe?et" to Baba Me?i'a it is seen that J. Cohen wrote tosafot to the same treatise.

• ; Jacob of Chinon: Lived in the thirteenth century; pupil of Isaac ben Abraham, author of a "Shi??ah" ("Mordekai," on Sanh., No. 928). He himself is quoted in the edited tosafot (Ber. 12a; Nazir 53a; et al.).

• ; Jacob ben Isaac ha-Levi (Jabez): Flourished at Speyer about 1130; a pupil of Kalonymus b. Isaac the Elder (Eliezer b. Nathan, "Eben ha-'Ezer," p. 13c, Prague, 1610). He was the author of tosafot ("Haggahot Maimuniyyot," ?innim, No. 16) and of decisions ("pesa?im"; "Mordekai," ?ul., No. 1183). He is quoted also in the edited tosafot (to ?in. 23a).

• ; Jacob ben Meïr Tam .

• ; Jehiel ben Joseph of Paris (d. 1286): His tosafot are quoted as authoritative by Perez ben Elijah
  Perez ben Elijah
  
  Perez ben Elijah of Corbeil was a French tosafist, son of the Talmudist Elijah of Tours. In Talmudical literature he is designated by the abbreviations RaP , RaPaSh , and MaHaRPaSh ....
   (glosses to "'Ammude Golah," p. 50a, Cremona, 1556), in "Kol Bo" (No. 114), and in "Mordekai" (?ul., No. 924). He is frequently quoted also in the edited tosafot.

• ; Joseph
  Joseph
  
  Joseph may refer to:People with the name Joseph:* Joseph , about the first name* Joseph , for people with the last name Joseph* Jose, shortened name...
   (or Yehosef): Flourished, according to Zunz ("Z. G." p. 33), about 1150. Zunz identifies this Joseph with the pupil of Samuel b. Meïr whose glosses are quoted in the edited tosafot (to Ket. 70a), and thinks he may be identical with the Joseph of Orleans often cited in the edited tosafot (Shab. 12a et passim). If so, he must be identified, according to Henri Gross (Gallia Judaica, p. 34), with Joseph ben Isaac Bekor Shor. Weiss, however, suggests that this Joseph might have been either Joseph Bonfils, Jacob Tam's teacher, or Joseph b. Isaac of Troyes, one of Rashi's pupils. Thus it seems that in any case the tosafist mentioned in the "Sefer ha-Yashar" must be distinguished from the one mentioned in Tos. Ket. 70a, as the latter was a pupil of R. Samuel.

• ; Joseph Porat: Many fragments of his tosafot to Shabbat are included in the edited tosafot.

• ; Judah b. Isaac of Paris .

• ; Judah ben Nathan (RIBaN): Son-in-law and pupil of Rashi, and to a great extent his continuator. It was Judah who completed Rashi's commentary on Makkot (from 19b to the end) and who wrote the commentary on Nazir which is erroneously attributed to Rashi. He wrote, besides, independent commentaries on 'Erubin, Shabbat, Yebamot (Eliezer b. Joel ha-Levi, "Abi ha-'Ezri," §§ 183, 385, 397, 408), and Pesa?im ("Semag," prohibition No. 79). Finally, Halberstam manuscript No. 323 contains a fragment of Judah's commentary on Nedarim. It is generally considered that Judah b. Nathan wrote tosafot to several treatises of the Talmud, and he is mentioned as a tosafist in "Haggahot Mordekai" (Sanh., No. 696). He is often quoted in the edited tosafot.

• ; Levi: His tosafot are quoted in the "Mordekai" (B. M. iv., end).

• ; Meir ben Baruch of Rothenburg .

• ; Meïr b. Samuel of Ramerupt: His tosafot are mentioned by his son Jacob Tam ("Sefer ha-Yashar," No. 252) and often in the edited tosafot.

• ; Moses ben Jacob of Coucy
  Moses ben Jacob of Coucy
  
  Moses ben Jacob of Coucy was a French people tosafists and authority on Halakha . He is best known as author of one of the earliest Halakha#Codes of Jewish law, the Sefer Mitzvot Gadol....
  : Author of Old Tosafot to Yoma and of some published in the collection "Sugyot ha-Shas" (Berlin, 1736).

• ; Moses b. Meïr of Ferrara: Flourished in the thirteenth century; probably a pupil of Judah b. Isaac of Paris. His tosafot were used by the compiler of the "Haggahot Maimuniyyot" (see Jew. Encyc. ix. 86).

• ; Moses b. Yom-?ob of Evreux .

• ; Perez ben Elijah
  Perez ben Elijah
  
  Perez ben Elijah of Corbeil was a French tosafist, son of the Talmudist Elijah of Tours. In Talmudical literature he is designated by the abbreviations RaP , RaPaSh , and MaHaRPaSh ....
   of Corbeil .

• ; Samson ben Abraham of Sens
  Samson ben Abraham of Sens
  
  Samson ben Abraham , also known as the Rash of Sens or "the Prince of Sens", was one of the leading French Tosafists in the second half of the 12th and the beginning of the 13th centuries....
   : (see above and Jew. Encyc. xi. 2).

• ; Samson b. Isaac of Chinon: Flourished in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries; author of the "Sefer Keritut." In this work (i. 7, § 1; v. 3, §§ 120, 148) Samson refers to his glosses on 'Erubin and 'Abodah Zarah; he appears to have written glosses on other Talmudic treatises also.

• ; Samuel of Evreux: Author of tosafot to several treatises; those to So?ah are among the edited tosafot (see Jew. Encyc. xi. 16).

• ; Samuel ben Meïr (RaSHBaM): Author of tosafot to Alfasi; under his supervision his pupils prepared tosafot to several treatises ("Sefer ha-Yashar," p. 85d).

• ; Samuel b. Na?ronai (RaShBa?): German Talmudist of the end of the twelfth century; authorof tosafot to 'Abodah Zarah (see "Kerem ?emed," vii. 50).

• ; Samuel ben Solomon of Falaise
  Samuel ben Solomon of Falaise
  
  Samuel ben Solomon of Falaise was a French rabbi, a tosafist of the twelfth and thirteenth centuries. His French name was Sir Morel, by which he is often designated in rabbinical literature....
   .

• ; Sim?ah ben Samuel of Speyer: Flourished in the thirteenth century; his tosafot are mentioned by Meïr of Rothenburg (Responsa, iv., No. 154).

See also

• Rabbeinu Tam
  Rabbeinu Tam
  
  Jacob ben Meir Tam, universally known as Rabbenu Tam was one of the Tosafist whose commentary appears in every edition of Talmud opposite the commentary of Rashi....
   (the most prominent Tosafist)

External links

• note by Prof. Eliezer Segal