Folic acid and Folate are forms of the water-soluble B vitamins. Vitamin B9 is essential to numerous bodily functions ranging from nucleotide synthesis to the remethylation of homocysteine.... derivative.
Dihydrofolic acid is a folic acid derivative acted upon by dihydrofolate reductase to produce tetrahydrofolic acid. It interacts with bacteria during cell division.... by dihydrofolate reductase
Dihydrofolate reductase
Dihydrofolate reductase, or DHFR, is an enzyme which reduces dihydrofolic acid to tetrahydrofolic acid, using NADPH as electron donor, which can be converted to the kinds of tetrahydrofolate cofactors used in 1-carbon transfer chemistry.... . This reaction is inhibited by methotrexate
Methotrexate
Methotrexate , abbreviated MTX and formerly known as amethopterin, is an antimetabolite and antifolate drug used in treatment of cancer and autoimmune diseases.... .
5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate is the substrate used by methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase to generate 5-methyltetrahydrofolate. This is a coenzyme used in thymidine biosynthesis by thymidylate synthase .... by serine hydroxymethyltransferase
Serine hydroxymethyltransferase
Serine hydroxymethyltransferase is an enzyme which plays an important role in cellular one-carbon pathways by catalyzing the reversible, simultaneous conversions of L-serine to glycine and 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate to 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate .... .
Dihydropteroate synthetase is an enzyme classified under . It produces dihydropteroate in bacteria, but does not function in humans. This makes it a useful target for Sulfonamide antibiotics, which compete with the PABA precursor.... to produce dihydropteroate
Dihydropteroate
Dihydropteroate is a pterin created from para-aminobenzoic acid by the enzyme dihydropteroate synthetase. It is an important intermediate in folate synthesis.... in bacteria
Bacteria
The Bacteria are a large group of unicellular microorganisms. Typically a few micrometres in length, bacteria have a wide range of shapes, ranging from spheres to rods and spirals.... , an enzyme without function in humans.
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Folic acid and Folate are forms of the water-soluble B vitamins. Vitamin B9 is essential to numerous bodily functions ranging from nucleotide synthesis to the remethylation of homocysteine.... derivative.
Dihydrofolic acid is a folic acid derivative acted upon by dihydrofolate reductase to produce tetrahydrofolic acid. It interacts with bacteria during cell division.... by dihydrofolate reductase
Dihydrofolate reductase
Dihydrofolate reductase, or DHFR, is an enzyme which reduces dihydrofolic acid to tetrahydrofolic acid, using NADPH as electron donor, which can be converted to the kinds of tetrahydrofolate cofactors used in 1-carbon transfer chemistry.... . This reaction is inhibited by methotrexate
Methotrexate
Methotrexate , abbreviated MTX and formerly known as amethopterin, is an antimetabolite and antifolate drug used in treatment of cancer and autoimmune diseases.... .
5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate is the substrate used by methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase to generate 5-methyltetrahydrofolate. This is a coenzyme used in thymidine biosynthesis by thymidylate synthase .... by serine hydroxymethyltransferase
Serine hydroxymethyltransferase
Serine hydroxymethyltransferase is an enzyme which plays an important role in cellular one-carbon pathways by catalyzing the reversible, simultaneous conversions of L-serine to glycine and 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate to 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate .... .
Dihydropteroate synthetase is an enzyme classified under . It produces dihydropteroate in bacteria, but does not function in humans. This makes it a useful target for Sulfonamide antibiotics, which compete with the PABA precursor.... to produce dihydropteroate
Dihydropteroate
Dihydropteroate is a pterin created from para-aminobenzoic acid by the enzyme dihydropteroate synthetase. It is an important intermediate in folate synthesis.... in bacteria
Bacteria
The Bacteria are a large group of unicellular microorganisms. Typically a few micrometres in length, bacteria have a wide range of shapes, ranging from spheres to rods and spirals.... , an enzyme without function in humans. This makes it a useful target for sulfonamide
Sulfonamide (medicine)
File:Sulfonamide.pngFile:Hydrochlorothiazide-2D-skeletal.pngFile:Furosemide.svgThere are several sulfonamide-based groups of drugs. The original antibacterial sulfonamides are synthetic antimicrobial agents that contain the Sulfonamide group.... antibiotics, which compete with the PABA precursor.
Many enzymes require a cofactor for catalytic activity, accelerating the transformation of a specific substrate to a particular product. The inactive protein, without the cofactor is called an apoenzyme, while the complete enzyme with cofactor is the holoenzyme.... in many reactions, especially in the metabolism of amino acid
Amino acid
In chemistry, an amino acid is a molecule containing both amine and carboxyl functional groups. These molecules are particularly important in biochemistry, where this term refers to alpha-amino acids with the general formula H2NCHRCOOH, where R is an organic substituent.... s and nucleic acid
Nucleic acid
A nucleic acid is a macromolecule composed of chains of monomeric nucleotides. In biochemistry these molecules carry genetic information or form structures within Cell .... s. It acts as a donor of a group with one carbon atom. It gets this carbon atom by sequestering formaldehyde
Formaldehyde
Formaldehyde is a chemical compound with the chemical formula H2CO. It is the simplest aldehyde. Formaldehyde exists in several forms aside from H2CO: the cyclic trimer trioxane and the polymer Polyoxymethylene.... produced in other processes. A shortage in THF can cause anemia
Anemia
Anemia or an?mia/anaemia is defined as a qualitative or quantitative deficiency of hemoglobin, a protein found inside red blood cells .... .
Tetrahydrofolic acid is reduced by the drug methotrexate
Methotrexate
Methotrexate , abbreviated MTX and formerly known as amethopterin, is an antimetabolite and antifolate drug used in treatment of cancer and autoimmune diseases.... , which is used to impair nucleotide synthesis. This drug is a potent chemotherapy and anti rheumatic.
