Tavisupleba
Encyclopedia
- This article is on the National AnthemNational anthemA national anthem is a generally patriotic musical composition that evokes and eulogizes the history, traditions and struggles of its people, recognized either by a nation's government as the official national song, or by convention through use by the people.- History :Anthems rose to prominence...
of GeorgiaGeorgia (country)Georgia is a sovereign state in the Caucasus region of Eurasia. Located at the crossroads of Western Asia and Eastern Europe, it is bounded to the west by the Black Sea, to the north by Russia, to the southwest by Turkey, to the south by Armenia, and to the southeast by Azerbaijan. The capital of...
. For the political partyPolitical partyA political party is a political organization that typically seeks to influence government policy, usually by nominating their own candidates and trying to seat them in political office. Parties participate in electoral campaigns, educational outreach or protest actions...
, see Tavisupleba (political movement)Tavisupleba (political movement)The Freedom Movement is a political party in Georgia.At the last legislative elections, 28 March 2004, the party won 4.2 % of the popular vote. It is led by Konstantine Gamsakhurdia, a son of the first President of Georgia Zviad Gamsakhurdia....
.
"Tavisupleba" (Georgian
Georgian alphabet
The Georgian alphabet is the writing system used to write the Georgian language and other Kartvelian languages , and occasionally other languages of the Caucasus such as Ossetic and Abkhaz during the 1940s...
: თავისუფლება) is the current national anthem
National anthem
A national anthem is a generally patriotic musical composition that evokes and eulogizes the history, traditions and struggles of its people, recognized either by a nation's government as the official national song, or by convention through use by the people.- History :Anthems rose to prominence...
of Georgia
Georgia (country)
Georgia is a sovereign state in the Caucasus region of Eurasia. Located at the crossroads of Western Asia and Eastern Europe, it is bounded to the west by the Black Sea, to the north by Russia, to the southwest by Turkey, to the south by Armenia, and to the southeast by Azerbaijan. The capital of...
. The anthem, whose title means "Freedom", was adopted in 2004, along with the new national flag
Flag of Georgia (country)
The official flag of Georgia is the "five-cross flag", restored to official use on January 14, 2004, after a break of some 500 years...
and coat of arms
Coat of arms of Georgia (country)
The coat of arms of the Republic of Georgia was adopted on 1 October 2004. It is partially based on the medieval arms of the Georgian royal house of Bagrationi....
. The symbols' change was brought about upon the successful overthrow of the previous government in the bloodless Rose Revolution
Rose Revolution
The "Revolution of Roses" was a change of power in Georgia in November 2003, which took place after having widespread protests over the disputed parliamentary elections...
. The music, taken from the Georgian operas Abesalom da Eteri ("Abesalom and Eteri") and Daisi ("The Nightfall"), by the Georgian composer Zachary (Zakaria) Paliashvili (ზაქარია ფალიაშვილი, 1871–1933), was adapted to form the anthem by Ioseb Kechakmadze (იოსებ კეჭაყმაძე). The lyrics were composed by David Magradze
David Magradze
David Magradze is a Georgian poet and politician. He is the author of lyrics of the current National Anthem of Georgia ....
(დავით მაღრაძე).
History
The new Georgian anthem was adopted by the Parliament of GeorgiaParliament of Georgia
Parliament of Georgia is the supreme legislature of Georgia. It is unicameral and has 150 members, known as deputies, from which 75 members are proportional representatives and 75 are elected through single-member district plurality system, representing their constituencies...
on 20 May 2004, exactly 5 months after the resignation of President Eduard Shevardnadze
Eduard Shevardnadze
Eduard Shevardnadze is a former Soviet, and later, Georgian statesman from the height to the end of the Cold War. He served as President of Georgia from 1995 to 2003, and as First Secretary of the Georgian Communist Party , from 1972 to 1985. Shevardnadze was responsible for many top decisions on...
in the Rose Revolution
Rose Revolution
The "Revolution of Roses" was a change of power in Georgia in November 2003, which took place after having widespread protests over the disputed parliamentary elections...
. A bill was introduced in the first plenary meeting of the 6th convocation of the Georgian Parliament on April 22, 2004. The bill to adopt Tavisupleba as the anthem was presented by the Minister of Culture Giorgi Gabashvili; in which the music was played for the deputies soon afterwards. The law does not give any regulations, but refers to the corresponding Presidential Decree.
"Tavisupleba" succeeds the old anthem Dideba zetsit kurtheuls, which was in use by the Democratic Republic of Georgia
Democratic Republic of Georgia
The Democratic Republic of Georgia , 1918–1921, was the first modern establishment of a Republic of Georgia.The DRG was created after the collapse of the Russian Empire that began with the Russian Revolution of 1917...
from 1918 to 1921, and again by the newly independent (from Soviet Union) Georgia from 1990 to 2004.
The new anthem quickly gained popularity in contrast to its predecessor, whose lyrics were somewhat archaic and difficult to memorize.
During U.S.
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
President
President of the United States
The President of the United States of America is the head of state and head of government of the United States. The president leads the executive branch of the federal government and is the commander-in-chief of the United States Armed Forces....
George W. Bush
George W. Bush
George Walker Bush is an American politician who served as the 43rd President of the United States, from 2001 to 2009. Before that, he was the 46th Governor of Texas, having served from 1995 to 2000....
’s visit to Georgia, on May 10, 2005, when he along with President
President of Georgia
The President of Georgia is the head of state, supreme commander-in-chief and holder of the highest office within the Government of Georgia. Executive power is split between the President and the Prime Minister, who is the head of government...
Mikheil Saakashvili
Mikheil Saakashvili
Mikheil Saakashvili is a Georgian politician, the third and current President of Georgia and leader of the United National Movement Party.Involved in the national politics since 1995, Saakashvili became president on 25 January 2004 after President Eduard Shevardnadze resigned in a November 2003...
were addressing tens of thousands of Georgians in Freedom Square
Freedom Square, Tbilisi
Freedom Square , formerly known as Erivan Square under Imperial Russia and Lenin Square under the Soviet Union, is located in the center of Tbilisi at the eastern end of...
in Tbilisi
Tbilisi
Tbilisi is the capital and the largest city of Georgia, lying on the banks of the Mt'k'vari River. The name is derived from an early Georgian form T'pilisi and it was officially known as Tiflis until 1936...
, a recording of "Tavisupleba" failed to play properly. Saakashvili then motioned to the choirs, and thousands in the crowd joined the singers in singing the anthem, a moment which was described by media as "the most powerful moment of the day".
Music
The music of the anthem were adapted from two Georgian operas, "Abesalom da Eteri" (1918) and "Daisi" (1923), composed by Zakaria PaliashviliZakaria Paliashvili
thumb|250px|Zakaria Paliashvili portrait by [[Ucha Japaridze]]Zakaria Paliashvili was a composer from the nation of Georgia. He is regarded as a founder of Georgian classical music....
, the father of the Georgian classical music genre.
Official lyrics
| Georgian Georgian language Georgian is the native language of the Georgians and the official language of Georgia, a country in the Caucasus.Georgian is the primary language of about 4 million people in Georgia itself, and of another 500,000 abroad... |
Transliteration | Literal translation |
|---|---|---|
ჩემი ხატია სამშობლო, სახატე მთელი ქვეყანა, განათებული მთა-ბარი, წილნაყარია ღმერთთანა. თავისუფლება დღეს ჩვენი მომავალს უმღერს დიდებას, ცისკრის ვარსკვლავი ამოდის ამოდის და ორ ზღვას შუა ბრწყინდება, და დიდება თავისუფლებას, თავისუფლებას დიდება! |
Chemi khat'ia samshoblo, Sakhat'e mteli kveq'ana, Ganatebuli mta-bari Ts'ilnaq'aria Ghmerttana. Tavisupleba dghes chveni Momavals umghers didebas, Tsisk'ris varsk'vlavi amodis Amodis da or zghvas shua brts'q'indeba, Da dideba tavisuplebas, Tavisuplebas dideba! |
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Regulations
According to the Regulations for the Parliament of GeorgiaParliament of Georgia
Parliament of Georgia is the supreme legislature of Georgia. It is unicameral and has 150 members, known as deputies, from which 75 members are proportional representatives and 75 are elected through single-member district plurality system, representing their constituencies...
, Chapter 3, Article 4.5., the national anthem of Georgia is played at the opening and closing of each session. It is also performed following the signing of the Oath of the Parliamentarian after the Parliament recognizes the authority of at least two-third of its newly elected members (Chapter 25, Article 124.7). The anthem is also played prior to the annual report of the President of Georgia to the Parliament.
At the beginning and closing of television and radio programing, the anthem is played. For example, Georgian Public Broadcasting
Georgian Public Broadcasting
Georgian Public Broadcasting is the national public broadcaster of Georgia. It started broadcasting radio in 1925, and Georgian TV started broadcasting in 1956. Today, 85% of the Georgian population receive the First Channel , and 55% receive the Second Channel...
airs a music video version of the anthem, featuring opera singer Paata Burchuladze
Paata Burchuladze
Paata Burchuladze is a Georgian bass opera singer.Born in Tbilisi, Georgian SSR, he graduated from the Tbilisi State Conservatory and began his operatic career at Tbilisi and Moscow, with subsequent appearances at Covent Garden , Salzburg Festival under Herbert von Karajan , Metropolitan Opera in...
.
Media
External links
Parliament of GeorgiaParliament of Georgia
Parliament of Georgia is the supreme legislature of Georgia. It is unicameral and has 150 members, known as deputies, from which 75 members are proportional representatives and 75 are elected through single-member district plurality system, representing their constituencies...
Lyrics President of Georgia
President of Georgia
The President of Georgia is the head of state, supreme commander-in-chief and holder of the highest office within the Government of Georgia. Executive power is split between the President and the Prime Minister, who is the head of government...
Lyrics and media
- Music Video - A YouTubeYouTubeYouTube is a video-sharing website, created by three former PayPal employees in February 2005, on which users can upload, view and share videos....
post of a music video version of "Tavisupleba". - "Tavisupleba: The Georgian National Anthem," From the Cradle of Wine
- Sheet music - SATB and Piano score of Tavisupleba on IMSLP