TIMP1
Encyclopedia
TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 1, also known as TIMP1, a tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases
, is a glycoprotein that is expressed from the several tissues of organisms.
This protein a member of the TIMP family. The glycoprotein
is a natural inhibitor
of the matrix metalloproteinase
s (MMPs), a group of peptidases involved in degradation of the extracellular matrix
. In addition to its inhibitory role against most of the known MMPs, the encoded protein is able to promote cell
proliferation in a wide range of cell types, and may also have an anti-apoptotic function. Transcription
of this gene
is highly inducible in response to many cytokine
s and hormone
s. In addition, the expression from some but not all inactive X chromosome
s suggests that this gene inactivation is polymorphic in human
female
s. This gene is located within intron 6 of the synapsin I
gene and is transcribed in the opposite direction.
Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases
The matrix metalloproteinases are inhibited by specific endogenous tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases , which comprise a family of four protease inhibitors: TIMP1, TIMP2, TIMP3 and TIMP4....
, is a glycoprotein that is expressed from the several tissues of organisms.
This protein a member of the TIMP family. The glycoprotein
Glycoprotein
Glycoproteins are proteins that contain oligosaccharide chains covalently attached to polypeptide side-chains. The carbohydrate is attached to the protein in a cotranslational or posttranslational modification. This process is known as glycosylation. In proteins that have segments extending...
is a natural inhibitor
Enzyme inhibitor
An enzyme inhibitor is a molecule that binds to enzymes and decreases their activity. Since blocking an enzyme's activity can kill a pathogen or correct a metabolic imbalance, many drugs are enzyme inhibitors. They are also used as herbicides and pesticides...
of the matrix metalloproteinase
Matrix metalloproteinase
Matrix metalloproteinases are zinc-dependent endopeptidases; other family members are adamalysins, serralysins, and astacins. The MMPs belong to a larger family of proteases known as the metzincin superfamily....
s (MMPs), a group of peptidases involved in degradation of the extracellular matrix
Extracellular matrix
In biology, the extracellular matrix is the extracellular part of animal tissue that usually provides structural support to the animal cells in addition to performing various other important functions. The extracellular matrix is the defining feature of connective tissue in animals.Extracellular...
. In addition to its inhibitory role against most of the known MMPs, the encoded protein is able to promote cell
Cell (biology)
The cell is the basic structural and functional unit of all known living organisms. It is the smallest unit of life that is classified as a living thing, and is often called the building block of life. The Alberts text discusses how the "cellular building blocks" move to shape developing embryos....
proliferation in a wide range of cell types, and may also have an anti-apoptotic function. Transcription
Transcription (genetics)
Transcription is the process of creating a complementary RNA copy of a sequence of DNA. Both RNA and DNA are nucleic acids, which use base pairs of nucleotides as a complementary language that can be converted back and forth from DNA to RNA by the action of the correct enzymes...
of this gene
Gene
A gene is a molecular unit of heredity of a living organism. It is a name given to some stretches of DNA and RNA that code for a type of protein or for an RNA chain that has a function in the organism. Living beings depend on genes, as they specify all proteins and functional RNA chains...
is highly inducible in response to many cytokine
Cytokine
Cytokines are small cell-signaling protein molecules that are secreted by the glial cells of the nervous system and by numerous cells of the immune system and are a category of signaling molecules used extensively in intercellular communication...
s and hormone
Hormone
A hormone is a chemical released by a cell or a gland in one part of the body that sends out messages that affect cells in other parts of the organism. Only a small amount of hormone is required to alter cell metabolism. In essence, it is a chemical messenger that transports a signal from one...
s. In addition, the expression from some but not all inactive X chromosome
X chromosome
The X chromosome is one of the two sex-determining chromosomes in many animal species, including mammals and is common in both males and females. It is a part of the XY sex-determination system and X0 sex-determination system...
s suggests that this gene inactivation is polymorphic in human
Human
Humans are the only living species in the Homo genus...
female
Female
Female is the sex of an organism, or a part of an organism, which produces non-mobile ova .- Defining characteristics :The ova are defined as the larger gametes in a heterogamous reproduction system, while the smaller, usually motile gamete, the spermatozoon, is produced by the male...
s. This gene is located within intron 6 of the synapsin I
Synapsin I
Synapsin I, is the collective name for Synapsin Ia and Synapsin Ib, two nearly identical phosphoproteins that in humans are encoded by the SYN1 gene. In its phosphorylated form, Synapsin I may also be referred to as phosphosynaspin I...
gene and is transcribed in the opposite direction.
External Links
- The MEROPSMeropsMerops may refer to:* Merops , a genus of bee-eaters.* MEROPS, an on-line database for peptidases.It may also refer to several figures from Greek mythology:* King of Ethiopia, husband of Clymene, who lay with Helios and bore Phaethon...
online database for peptidases and their inhibitors: I35.001