Stjepan Dabiša
Encyclopedia
Stephen Dabiša was the king of Bosnia from 1391 to 1395 and a member of the House of Kotromanić
.
and thus halfbrother of King Stephen Tvrtko I
.
and Popovo
. They gave Konavle
to the Republic of Ragusa
and Dubrovnik started to rile up Kotor
and other Dalmatia
n cities from the King's rule, asking them to reaccept the supreme rule of the Hungarian King Sigismund, but they refused. King Stephen Dabiša dispatched Duke Vlatko Vuković
and Prince Pavle Radenović to Konavle already in 1391, and they kicked out the Sankovićs and split their lands. Beljak died and Radič was thrown into captivity. This marked the final end of the House of Sanković
, the only early Bosnian Orthodox Serb
noble family. The Ottoman Turks
started to invade Bosnia again and in 1392, King Stephen Dabiša dispatched Duke
Hrvoje Vukčić
, who decisively defeated the Turks.
The rest of his reign, Dabiša spent quarrelling with the Hungarian King Sigismund and the King of Naples Ladislaus for control over Croatia
and Dalmatia
. Naples' King managed to win the Vukčić nobility to his side. Vuk Vukčić, Dabiša's Ban took Ostrovica
and Vrana from Ivaniš Paližna. Dabiša desired to put Zadar
under his supreme rule, but Vuk worked for the King of Naples. Hrvoje Vukčić
recognized Dabiša's supreme rule, stating that he will serve him as long as Dabiša draws breath, but serve the Hungarian King Sigismund afterwards.
At the beginning of 1394, the Croatian nobility under Ivaniš Horvat, a subject of the King Naples refused to serve King Dabiša. Dabiša dispatched Prince Ivan Radivojević to take Omiš
from Horvat as a punishment. The Hungarian King Sigismund moved to destroy both Horvat and Dabiša. The Hungarian Army besieged and burned to the ground Dobor in the lower stream of Bosna
. Dabiša arrived there, recognized King Sigismund's supreme rule and gave up Dalmatia
and Croatia
in his name. in turn, the Hungarian King nominated him Prince of the Szomod Principality.
King Stephen Dabiša died of disease on 8 September 1395 and King Sigismund took over most control over Bosnia
, but the Bosnian Rusag elected that his wife, Queen Jelena Gruba
should ascend the throne.
with whom he had one known child, a daughter named Stana, whose daughter married Đurađ Radivojević
.
House of Kotromanic
The Kotromanić dynasty was a ruling house that ruled in the medieval Bosnia and the surrounding lands, from the 13th century as Bans until the crowning with the Bosnian crowns in 1377 and then as kings until the Ottoman conquest conquest in 1463....
.
Early life
Dabiša was possibly an illegitimate son of Vladislav KotromanićVladislav Kotromanic
Vladislav Kotromanić was a 14th-century acting regent of medieval Bosnia, from September 1353 to his death in 1354. He was co-regent with his brother, Stephen II, Ban of Bosnia, 1326-1353....
and thus halfbrother of King Stephen Tvrtko I
Tvrtko I of Bosnia
Stjepan Tvrtko I was a ruler of medieval Bosnia. He ruled in 1353–1366 and again in 1367–1377 as Ban and in 1377–1391 as the first Bosnian King....
.
King
Dabiša succeeded King Tvrtko I in 1391. At the time of his assention to power, Bosnia was already decentralized by the semi-independent nobility. Members of the House of Sanković, Prince Beljak and Duke Radič, ruled independently in the HumZahumlje
Zachlumia or Zahumlje was a medieval principality located in modern-day regions of Herzegovina and southern Dalmatia...
and Popovo
Popovo
Popovo is a town in northeastern Bulgaria, part of Targovishte Province. It is the administrative centre of the homonymous Popovo Municipality...
. They gave Konavle
Konavle
Konavle is a small region and municipality located southeast of Dubrovnik, Croatia.It is administratively part of the Dubrovnik-Neretva County and forms a municipality with its center at Gruda with a total population of 8,250 people split in 32 villages, in which 96.5% are Croats...
to the Republic of Ragusa
Republic of Ragusa
The Republic of Ragusa or Republic of Dubrovnik was a maritime republic centered on the city of Dubrovnik in Dalmatia , that existed from 1358 to 1808...
and Dubrovnik started to rile up Kotor
Kotor
Kotor is a coastal city in Montenegro. It is located in a secluded part of the Gulf of Kotor. The city has a population of 13,510 and is the administrative center of the municipality....
and other Dalmatia
Dalmatia
Dalmatia is a historical region on the eastern coast of the Adriatic Sea. It stretches from the island of Rab in the northwest to the Bay of Kotor in the southeast. The hinterland, the Dalmatian Zagora, ranges from fifty kilometers in width in the north to just a few kilometers in the south....
n cities from the King's rule, asking them to reaccept the supreme rule of the Hungarian King Sigismund, but they refused. King Stephen Dabiša dispatched Duke Vlatko Vuković
Vlatko Vukovic
Vlatko Vuković Kosača was a medieval nobleman who ruled as Grand Duke of Hum.He was a son of Vuk Kosača, the founder of the medieval house of Kosača. He governed the province of Hum, which was part of the Banate of Bosnia. The Ottoman threat was building to the east, threatening neighboring...
and Prince Pavle Radenović to Konavle already in 1391, and they kicked out the Sankovićs and split their lands. Beljak died and Radič was thrown into captivity. This marked the final end of the House of Sanković
House of Sankovic
The House of Sanković was a medieval Bosnian noble family from Herzegovina. Their family estates included Nevesinje and Popovo Polje in Herzegovina and Konavli in southern Dalmatia.- History :...
, the only early Bosnian Orthodox Serb
Serbian Orthodox Church
The Serbian Orthodox Church is one of the autocephalous Orthodox Christian churches, ranking sixth in order of seniority after Constantinople, Alexandria, Antioch, Jerusalem, and Russia...
noble family. The Ottoman Turks
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman EmpireIt was usually referred to as the "Ottoman Empire", the "Turkish Empire", the "Ottoman Caliphate" or more commonly "Turkey" by its contemporaries...
started to invade Bosnia again and in 1392, King Stephen Dabiša dispatched Duke
Duke
A duke or duchess is a member of the nobility, historically of highest rank below the monarch, and historically controlling a duchy...
Hrvoje Vukčić
Hrvoje Vukcic
Hrvoje Vukčić Hrvatinić was a Ban of Croatia, Grand Duke of Bosnia and a Herzog of Split. He was the most prominent member of the Croatian noble House of Hrvatinić and the strongest of the three main large feudalists of early feudal medieval Bosnia...
, who decisively defeated the Turks.
The rest of his reign, Dabiša spent quarrelling with the Hungarian King Sigismund and the King of Naples Ladislaus for control over Croatia
Croatia
Croatia , officially the Republic of Croatia , is a unitary democratic parliamentary republic in Europe at the crossroads of the Mitteleuropa, the Balkans, and the Mediterranean. Its capital and largest city is Zagreb. The country is divided into 20 counties and the city of Zagreb. Croatia covers ...
and Dalmatia
Dalmatia
Dalmatia is a historical region on the eastern coast of the Adriatic Sea. It stretches from the island of Rab in the northwest to the Bay of Kotor in the southeast. The hinterland, the Dalmatian Zagora, ranges from fifty kilometers in width in the north to just a few kilometers in the south....
. Naples' King managed to win the Vukčić nobility to his side. Vuk Vukčić, Dabiša's Ban took Ostrovica
Ostrovica, Croatia
Ostrovica is a village in Croatia in the Zadar County, in the Lišane Ostrovičke municipality at .Near the village there is a ruined medieval castle of the Šubić noble family.- External links :* *...
and Vrana from Ivaniš Paližna. Dabiša desired to put Zadar
Zadar
Zadar is a city in Croatia on the Adriatic Sea. It is the centre of Zadar county and the wider northern Dalmatian region. Population of the city is 75,082 citizens...
under his supreme rule, but Vuk worked for the King of Naples. Hrvoje Vukčić
Hrvoje Vukcic
Hrvoje Vukčić Hrvatinić was a Ban of Croatia, Grand Duke of Bosnia and a Herzog of Split. He was the most prominent member of the Croatian noble House of Hrvatinić and the strongest of the three main large feudalists of early feudal medieval Bosnia...
recognized Dabiša's supreme rule, stating that he will serve him as long as Dabiša draws breath, but serve the Hungarian King Sigismund afterwards.
At the beginning of 1394, the Croatian nobility under Ivaniš Horvat, a subject of the King Naples refused to serve King Dabiša. Dabiša dispatched Prince Ivan Radivojević to take Omiš
Omiš
Omiš is a town and port in the Dalmatia region of Croatia, and is a municipality in the Split-Dalmatia County. The town is situated approximately south-east of Croatia's second largest city, Split. Its location is where the emerald-green Cetina River meets the Adriatic Sea...
from Horvat as a punishment. The Hungarian King Sigismund moved to destroy both Horvat and Dabiša. The Hungarian Army besieged and burned to the ground Dobor in the lower stream of Bosna
Bosna
The Bosna is the third longest river in Bosnia and Herzegovina, and is considered one of the country's three major internal rivers, along with the Neretva and Vrbas Rivers; the other three major rivers of Bosnia and Herzegovina are the Una, to the northwest, the Sava, to the north, and the Drina,...
. Dabiša arrived there, recognized King Sigismund's supreme rule and gave up Dalmatia
Dalmatia
Dalmatia is a historical region on the eastern coast of the Adriatic Sea. It stretches from the island of Rab in the northwest to the Bay of Kotor in the southeast. The hinterland, the Dalmatian Zagora, ranges from fifty kilometers in width in the north to just a few kilometers in the south....
and Croatia
Croatia
Croatia , officially the Republic of Croatia , is a unitary democratic parliamentary republic in Europe at the crossroads of the Mitteleuropa, the Balkans, and the Mediterranean. Its capital and largest city is Zagreb. The country is divided into 20 counties and the city of Zagreb. Croatia covers ...
in his name. in turn, the Hungarian King nominated him Prince of the Szomod Principality.
King Stephen Dabiša died of disease on 8 September 1395 and King Sigismund took over most control over Bosnia
Bosnia (region)
Bosnia is a eponomous region of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It lies mainly in the Dinaric Alps, ranging to the southern borders of the Pannonian plain, with the rivers Sava and Drina marking its northern and eastern borders. The other eponomous region, the southern, other half of the country is...
, but the Bosnian Rusag elected that his wife, Queen Jelena Gruba
Jelena Gruba
Helen Gruba was the Queen regnant of Bosnia from 1395 to 1398. She was the only female ruler of Bosnia.Helen came from the noble House of Nikolić, which ruled a part of Zachlumia.-Queen consort:...
should ascend the throne.
Marriage and children
Dabiša was married to Jelena GrubaJelena Gruba
Helen Gruba was the Queen regnant of Bosnia from 1395 to 1398. She was the only female ruler of Bosnia.Helen came from the noble House of Nikolić, which ruled a part of Zachlumia.-Queen consort:...
with whom he had one known child, a daughter named Stana, whose daughter married Đurađ Radivojević
Đurađ Radivojević
Đurađ Radivojević was a Serb Knez in Krajina Makareka.He married Stana, the daughter of Bosnian rulers, King Stephen Dabiša and Queen Jelena Gruba.-References:...
.