Socialist Party New PSI
Encyclopedia
The New Italian Socialist Party is a small political party in Italy which professes a social-democratic
ideology and claims to be the successor to the old Italian Socialist Party
, which was disbanded after the judiciary tempest of the early 1990s (see Mani pulite
). The party functions as an associate party or internal faction of the main party of the Italian centre-right
, The People of Freedom
(PdL).
Most of the party's members are former followers of Bettino Craxi
, whom they often portray as a victim of political persecution, notwithstanding the many convictions he received on corruption charges. That was why the party has been an ally of the centre-right House of Freedoms
coalition for most of its history, as the centre-left
was dominated by former Communists
who were the main opponents of the Socialists, so that most of them had earlier joined Forza Italia
.
The main leader of the party has been Gianni De Michelis
, who however left the party in 2007, being replaced by Stefano Caldoro. In 2007 several members left to join the centre-left Socialist Party, while what remained of the NPSI was merged into the centre-right PdL. Since 2010, the party leader Caldoro has been President of Campania
for the PdL.
of Gianni De Michelis
, the Socialist League
of Claudio Martelli
and Bobo Craxi (son of Bettino
), who had been founding members of the Italian Democratic Socialists
in 1998, other splinters of that party, as Mauro Del Bue, and former members of the Italian Democratic Socialist Party
.
coalition headed by the former friend of Bettino Craxi
, Silvio Berlusconi
. Its decision regarding not entering the centre-left coalition laid in the past during Mani Pulite
affair when the old Italian Socialist Party
disintegrated while the ex-Communist party was left untouched.
The House of Freedoms won the 2001 general election
and Berlusconi included in his government
Stefano Caldoro, a young Socialist, as deputy minister for Education. In the election, the NPSI gained just 1.0% of the vote for the Chamber of Deputies and had three deputies and one senator elected in single-seat constituencies thanks to the support of Forza Italia
. The elected MPs were Bobo Craxi, Vincenzo Milioto, Chiara Moroni
and Franco Crinò. Party secretary Gianni De Michelis
and spokesman Claudio Martelli
were not elected since the party failed to pass the 4% threhold.
, the NPSI formed an alliance with small social-democratic movements and parties such as Socialist Unity
, founded and headed by Claudio Signorile. The list, named Socialists United for Europe
, gained 2.0% of the vote, and two MEPs, Gianni De Michelis
and Alessandro Battilocchio
. In Calabria
the list gained 7.0%, the highest result ever for the party. The party was denied membership to the Socialist Group and the two NPSI MEPs sat as Non-Inscrits
. They eventually joined the Party of European Socialists
in October 2007 as members of the newly formed Socialist Party.
At the 2005 regional elections
the NPSI ran its lists as part of the House of Freedoms. In Calabria, the party's stronghold, it received 5.4%. However, the House of Freedoms lost 12 regions out of 14, forcing Berlusconi to reshuffle cabinet. In the new government
Caldoro was promoted minister.
and an immediate retirement from the Berlusconi government, challenged Gianni De Michelis
, who instead asked the congress to delay such a decision.
De Michelis received support from Caldoro, Alessandro Battilocchio
, Chiara Moroni
, whereas Craxi was supported by Vincenzo Milioto, Francesco Crinò and Saverio Zavettieri, the powerful Calabrian leader of the party. At some point, De Michelis unrecognised the congress, declaring it had never been officially opened, and abandoned it with all of his supporters. Craxi's supporters thus elected Craxi secretary. Later, the Tribunal of Rome nullified the congress's outcome.
.
The DCA-NPSI alliance gained just 0.7% of the vote for the Chamber of Deputies and 0.6% for the Senate. Despite not passing the 2% threshold, it still had six deputies elected because it was the party that received more votes under the 2% threshold in its alliance, the House of Freedoms. Of these, two were of the NPSI: Lucio Barani and Mauro del Bue. Two more candidates were elected as candidates of Forza Italia
. However, these two (Chiara Moroni
and Giovanni Ricevuto), abandoned the party in May, fearing that the party was heading out from the House of Freedoms.
Nonetheless the NPSI and its two MPs formed a joint parliamentary group with its former ally Christian Democracy for Autonomies comprising six MPs in total, which made it a minimal force in Parliament.
of Enrico Boselli
, The Italian Socialists of Bobo Craxi and the Association for the Rose in the Fist
of Lanfranco Turci and those who wanted to maintain the allegiance to the House of Freedoms
coalition. The first group was led by Gianni De Michelis
, the second by Stefano Caldoro.
From July to October, the party had actually two secretaries, elected in two separate congresses: on 24 June Stefano Caldoro was elected secretary of the right-wing faction of the party, while on 7 July Mauro Del Bue replaced De Michelis as leader of those NPSI members who wanted to take part in the foundation of a new Socialist Party, whose first meeting took place on 14 July 2007. After the split, both groups had a deputy: Mauro Del Bue for the NPSI–De Michelis and Lucio Barani for the NPSI–Caldoro.
In October, after a consensual separation between the two groups and the foundation of the Socialist Party by Boselli, De Michelis, Craxi, Turci and splinters from Democratic Left
(including Gavino Angius
and Valdo Spini
), the group of De Michelis changed name into Socialist Party
(coherently with name of the future party), while the group of Caldoro retained the party's name and decided to change symbol. Since that moment the only NPSI was that led by Caldoro, who announced that its party was interested in joining The People of Freedom
(PdL) along with Forza Italia
and National Alliance
.
NPSI got two deputies re-elected in the lists of the PdL: Stefano Caldoro and Lucio Barani. In March 2009 the party was merged into the PdL, but has retained some of its autonomy. In the 2010 Campania regional election
Caldoro was elected President by a landslide.
Following his election, Caldoro stepped down from party secretary and was succeeded by Barani. Caldoro was then elected party president.
Social democracy
Social democracy is a political ideology of the center-left on the political spectrum. Social democracy is officially a form of evolutionary reformist socialism. It supports class collaboration as the course to achieve socialism...
ideology and claims to be the successor to the old Italian Socialist Party
Italian Socialist Party
The Italian Socialist Party was a socialist and later social-democratic political party in Italy founded in Genoa in 1892.Once the dominant leftist party in Italy, it was eclipsed in status by the Italian Communist Party following World War II...
, which was disbanded after the judiciary tempest of the early 1990s (see Mani pulite
Mani pulite
Mani pulite was a nationwide Italian judicial investigation into political corruption held in the 1990s. Mani pulite led to the demise of the so-called First Republic, resulting in the disappearance of many parties. Some politicians and industry leaders committed suicide after their crimes were...
). The party functions as an associate party or internal faction of the main party of the Italian centre-right
Centre-right
The centre-right or center-right is a political term commonly used to describe or denote individuals, political parties, or organizations whose views stretch from the centre to the right on the left-right spectrum, excluding far right stances. Centre-right can also describe a coalition of centrist...
, The People of Freedom
The People of Freedom
The People of Freedom is a centre-right political party in Italy. With the Democratic Party, it is one of the two major parties of the current Italian party system....
(PdL).
Most of the party's members are former followers of Bettino Craxi
Bettino Craxi
Benedetto Craxi was an Italian politician, head of the Italian Socialist Party from 1976 to 1993, the first socialist President of the Council of Ministers of Italy from 1983 to 1987.-Political career:...
, whom they often portray as a victim of political persecution, notwithstanding the many convictions he received on corruption charges. That was why the party has been an ally of the centre-right House of Freedoms
House of Freedoms
The House of Freedoms , was a major Italian centre-right political and electoral alliance led by Silvio Berlusconi. It was initially composed of several political parties:*Forza Italia *National Alliance...
coalition for most of its history, as the centre-left
Centre-left
Centre-left is a political term that describes individuals, political parties or organisations such as think tanks whose ideology lies between the centre and the left on the left-right spectrum...
was dominated by former Communists
Italian Communist Party
The Italian Communist Party was a communist political party in Italy.The PCI was founded as Communist Party of Italy on 21 January 1921 in Livorno, by seceding from the Italian Socialist Party . Amadeo Bordiga and Antonio Gramsci led the split. Outlawed during the Fascist regime, the party played...
who were the main opponents of the Socialists, so that most of them had earlier joined Forza Italia
Forza Italia
Forza Italia was a liberal-conservative, Christian democratic, and liberal political party in Italy, with a large social democratic minority, that was led by Silvio Berlusconi, four times Prime Minister of Italy....
.
The main leader of the party has been Gianni De Michelis
Gianni De Michelis
Giovanni De Michelis is an Italian politician.-Biography:De Michelis was born in Venice.His political experience started with the Italian Socialist Party, where he was elected to the municipal council of Venice. He got elected for the first time to the Italian Parliament in 1976 and was elected...
, who however left the party in 2007, being replaced by Stefano Caldoro. In 2007 several members left to join the centre-left Socialist Party, while what remained of the NPSI was merged into the centre-right PdL. Since 2010, the party leader Caldoro has been President of Campania
Campania
Campania is a region in southern Italy. The region has a population of around 5.8 million people, making it the second-most-populous region of Italy; its total area of 13,590 km² makes it the most densely populated region in the country...
for the PdL.
History
The party was founded in 2001 by the merger of the Socialist PartySocialist Party (Italy, 1996–2001)
The Socialist Party was a tiny social-democratic party in Italy.It was founded in 1996 by former members of the Italian Socialist Party close to Bettino Craxi, as Gianni De Michelis, Ugo Intini, Fabrizio Cicchitto, Margherita Boniver, Bobo Craxi and Donato Robilotta, some of which had been members...
of Gianni De Michelis
Gianni De Michelis
Giovanni De Michelis is an Italian politician.-Biography:De Michelis was born in Venice.His political experience started with the Italian Socialist Party, where he was elected to the municipal council of Venice. He got elected for the first time to the Italian Parliament in 1976 and was elected...
, the Socialist League
Socialist League (Italy)
The Socialist League was a tiny social-democratic party in Italy.Its leading members included Claudio Martelli and Bobo Craxi. In 1998 they joined the Italian Socialists and other Socialist components to form the Italian Democratic Socialists, of which Martelli was elected deputy leader in 1999.In...
of Claudio Martelli
Claudio Martelli
Claudio Martelli is an Italian politician, and the right-hand man of Bettino Craxi, the socialist Prime Minister from 1983–1987.-Biography:Martelli was born at Gessate, in the province of Milan....
and Bobo Craxi (son of Bettino
Bettino Craxi
Benedetto Craxi was an Italian politician, head of the Italian Socialist Party from 1976 to 1993, the first socialist President of the Council of Ministers of Italy from 1983 to 1987.-Political career:...
), who had been founding members of the Italian Democratic Socialists
Italian Democratic Socialists
The Italian Democratic Socialists were a small social-democratic political party in Italy. Led by Enrico Boselli, the party was the direct continuation of the Italian Socialists, the legal successor of the historical Italian Socialist Party...
in 1998, other splinters of that party, as Mauro Del Bue, and former members of the Italian Democratic Socialist Party
Italian Democratic Socialist Party
The Italian Democratic Socialist Party is a minor social-democratic political party in Italy. Mimmo Magistro is the party leader. The PSDI, before the 1990s decline in votes and members, had been an important force in Italian politics, being the longest serving partner in government for Christian...
.
2001 general election
At its founding congress, the NPSI decided to enter the new centre-right House of FreedomsHouse of Freedoms
The House of Freedoms , was a major Italian centre-right political and electoral alliance led by Silvio Berlusconi. It was initially composed of several political parties:*Forza Italia *National Alliance...
coalition headed by the former friend of Bettino Craxi
Bettino Craxi
Benedetto Craxi was an Italian politician, head of the Italian Socialist Party from 1976 to 1993, the first socialist President of the Council of Ministers of Italy from 1983 to 1987.-Political career:...
, Silvio Berlusconi
Silvio Berlusconi
Silvio Berlusconi , also known as Il Cavaliere – from knighthood to the Order of Merit for Labour which he received in 1977 – is an Italian politician and businessman who served three terms as Prime Minister of Italy, from 1994 to 1995, 2001 to 2006, and 2008 to 2011. Berlusconi is also the...
. Its decision regarding not entering the centre-left coalition laid in the past during Mani Pulite
Mani pulite
Mani pulite was a nationwide Italian judicial investigation into political corruption held in the 1990s. Mani pulite led to the demise of the so-called First Republic, resulting in the disappearance of many parties. Some politicians and industry leaders committed suicide after their crimes were...
affair when the old Italian Socialist Party
Italian Socialist Party
The Italian Socialist Party was a socialist and later social-democratic political party in Italy founded in Genoa in 1892.Once the dominant leftist party in Italy, it was eclipsed in status by the Italian Communist Party following World War II...
disintegrated while the ex-Communist party was left untouched.
The House of Freedoms won the 2001 general election
Italian general election, 2001
A national general election was held in Italy on May 13, 2001 to elect members of the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate of the Republic. The 14th Parliament of the Italian republic was chosen....
and Berlusconi included in his government
Berlusconi II Cabinet
The Berlusconi II Cabinet was the 57th cabinet of the Italian Republic, and the first cabinet of the XIV Legislature. It took office following the 2001 elections, and held office from 11 June 2001 until 23 April 2005, a total of 1,412 days, or 3 years, 10 months and 12 days...
Stefano Caldoro, a young Socialist, as deputy minister for Education. In the election, the NPSI gained just 1.0% of the vote for the Chamber of Deputies and had three deputies and one senator elected in single-seat constituencies thanks to the support of Forza Italia
Forza Italia
Forza Italia was a liberal-conservative, Christian democratic, and liberal political party in Italy, with a large social democratic minority, that was led by Silvio Berlusconi, four times Prime Minister of Italy....
. The elected MPs were Bobo Craxi, Vincenzo Milioto, Chiara Moroni
Chiara Moroni
Chiara Moroni is an Italian politician, daughter of Sergio Moroni, a Socialist politician who killed himself during Tangentopoli...
and Franco Crinò. Party secretary Gianni De Michelis
Gianni De Michelis
Giovanni De Michelis is an Italian politician.-Biography:De Michelis was born in Venice.His political experience started with the Italian Socialist Party, where he was elected to the municipal council of Venice. He got elected for the first time to the Italian Parliament in 1976 and was elected...
and spokesman Claudio Martelli
Claudio Martelli
Claudio Martelli is an Italian politician, and the right-hand man of Bettino Craxi, the socialist Prime Minister from 1983–1987.-Biography:Martelli was born at Gessate, in the province of Milan....
were not elected since the party failed to pass the 4% threhold.
2004 European Parliament election
At the 2004 European Parliament electionEuropean Parliament election, 2004 (Italy)
Elections to the European Parliament were held in Italy on 12 and 13 June 2004. Italy's highly fragmented party system made it hard to identify an overall trend, but the results were generally seen as a defeat for Italian Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi and a victory for the centre-left opposition...
, the NPSI formed an alliance with small social-democratic movements and parties such as Socialist Unity
Socialist Unity
Socialist Unity may refer to:* Socialist Unity , a social-democratic alliance of parties which contested the Italian general election of 1948* Socialist Unity , a defunct electoral coalition formed by the International Marxist Group...
, founded and headed by Claudio Signorile. The list, named Socialists United for Europe
Socialists United for Europe
Socialists United for Europe was an electoral list for the 2004 European Parliament election by the New Italian Socialist Party of Gianni De Michelis and Socialist Unity of Claudio Signorile....
, gained 2.0% of the vote, and two MEPs, Gianni De Michelis
Gianni De Michelis
Giovanni De Michelis is an Italian politician.-Biography:De Michelis was born in Venice.His political experience started with the Italian Socialist Party, where he was elected to the municipal council of Venice. He got elected for the first time to the Italian Parliament in 1976 and was elected...
and Alessandro Battilocchio
Alessandro Battilocchio
Alessandro Battilocchio is an Italian politician and Member of the European Parliamentfor Central with the Socialist Party New PSI , which has apparently not joined the...
. In Calabria
Calabria
Calabria , in antiquity known as Bruttium, is a region in southern Italy, south of Naples, located at the "toe" of the Italian Peninsula. The capital city of Calabria is Catanzaro....
the list gained 7.0%, the highest result ever for the party. The party was denied membership to the Socialist Group and the two NPSI MEPs sat as Non-Inscrits
Non-Inscrits
Non-Inscrits are Members of the European Parliament who do not sit in one of the recognized political groups....
. They eventually joined the Party of European Socialists
Party of European Socialists
The Party of European Socialists is a European political party led by Sergei Stanishev, former Prime Minister of Bulgaria. The PES comprises social-democratic national-level political parties primarily from Member state of the European Union, as well as other nations of the European continent. The...
in October 2007 as members of the newly formed Socialist Party.
At the 2005 regional elections
Italian regional elections, 2005
The Italian regional elections of 3–4 April 2005 were a major victory for the centre-left The Union coalition, led by Romano Prodi. The centre-right coalition, governing in the national government, was defeated in all the regions it held, except for its strongholds in Lombardy and Veneto, whose...
the NPSI ran its lists as part of the House of Freedoms. In Calabria, the party's stronghold, it received 5.4%. However, the House of Freedoms lost 12 regions out of 14, forcing Berlusconi to reshuffle cabinet. In the new government
Berlusconi III Cabinet
The Berlusconi III Cabinet was the cabinet of the government of Italy from 23 April 2005 to 5 May 2006. It was the 58th cabinet of the Italian Republic, and the second cabinet of the XIV Legislature.Composition of the governemnt:...
Caldoro was promoted minister.
De Michelis vs. Craxi
In October 2005 a national congress was held in Rome in order to deliberate the new political line to be held by the party, particularly about electoral coalitions. During the congress, which was characterized by a heated atmosphere and several controversies, Bobo Craxi, who supported a "unity towards left" within The UnionThe Union (political coalition)
The Union was an centre-left coalition of political parties in Italy. It was led by Romano Prodi, Prime Minister of Italy from April 2006 to April 2008, and former President of the European Commission.-Parties:...
and an immediate retirement from the Berlusconi government, challenged Gianni De Michelis
Gianni De Michelis
Giovanni De Michelis is an Italian politician.-Biography:De Michelis was born in Venice.His political experience started with the Italian Socialist Party, where he was elected to the municipal council of Venice. He got elected for the first time to the Italian Parliament in 1976 and was elected...
, who instead asked the congress to delay such a decision.
De Michelis received support from Caldoro, Alessandro Battilocchio
Alessandro Battilocchio
Alessandro Battilocchio is an Italian politician and Member of the European Parliamentfor Central with the Socialist Party New PSI , which has apparently not joined the...
, Chiara Moroni
Chiara Moroni
Chiara Moroni is an Italian politician, daughter of Sergio Moroni, a Socialist politician who killed himself during Tangentopoli...
, whereas Craxi was supported by Vincenzo Milioto, Francesco Crinò and Saverio Zavettieri, the powerful Calabrian leader of the party. At some point, De Michelis unrecognised the congress, declaring it had never been officially opened, and abandoned it with all of his supporters. Craxi's supporters thus elected Craxi secretary. Later, the Tribunal of Rome nullified the congress's outcome.
2006 general election
Bobo Craxi's faction abandoned the party immediately after the Tribunal's verdict, was re-organised into The Italian Socialists and joined The Union. De Michelis, after winning the legal dispute for the symbol and the leadership of the NPSI, led the party into an alliance with Christian Democracy for Autonomies (DCA) of Gianfranco RotondiGianfranco Rotondi
Gianfranco Rotondi is an Italian politician, and the current leader of the Christian Democracy for Autonomies since June 2005.- Biography :Rotondi was born in Avellino, Campania....
.
Forza Italia
Forza Italia was a liberal-conservative, Christian democratic, and liberal political party in Italy, with a large social democratic minority, that was led by Silvio Berlusconi, four times Prime Minister of Italy....
. However, these two (Chiara Moroni
Chiara Moroni
Chiara Moroni is an Italian politician, daughter of Sergio Moroni, a Socialist politician who killed himself during Tangentopoli...
and Giovanni Ricevuto), abandoned the party in May, fearing that the party was heading out from the House of Freedoms.
Nonetheless the NPSI and its two MPs formed a joint parliamentary group with its former ally Christian Democracy for Autonomies comprising six MPs in total, which made it a minimal force in Parliament.
Caldoro vs. De Michelis
In June 2007 the party split among those who wanted to participate to the foundation of the Socialist Party along with the Italian Democratic SocialistsItalian Democratic Socialists
The Italian Democratic Socialists were a small social-democratic political party in Italy. Led by Enrico Boselli, the party was the direct continuation of the Italian Socialists, the legal successor of the historical Italian Socialist Party...
of Enrico Boselli
Enrico Boselli
Enrico Boselli is an Italian politician. He is currently Vice President of Alliance for Italy, and is the former leader of the Italian Democratic Socialists and the modern-day Italian Socialist Party....
, The Italian Socialists of Bobo Craxi and the Association for the Rose in the Fist
Association for the Rose in the Fist
The Association for the Rose in the Fist was a social-democratic association in Italy.It was the so-called "third component" of the Rose in the Fist , composed mainly of the Italian Democratic Socialists and the Italian Radicals...
of Lanfranco Turci and those who wanted to maintain the allegiance to the House of Freedoms
House of Freedoms
The House of Freedoms , was a major Italian centre-right political and electoral alliance led by Silvio Berlusconi. It was initially composed of several political parties:*Forza Italia *National Alliance...
coalition. The first group was led by Gianni De Michelis
Gianni De Michelis
Giovanni De Michelis is an Italian politician.-Biography:De Michelis was born in Venice.His political experience started with the Italian Socialist Party, where he was elected to the municipal council of Venice. He got elected for the first time to the Italian Parliament in 1976 and was elected...
, the second by Stefano Caldoro.
From July to October, the party had actually two secretaries, elected in two separate congresses: on 24 June Stefano Caldoro was elected secretary of the right-wing faction of the party, while on 7 July Mauro Del Bue replaced De Michelis as leader of those NPSI members who wanted to take part in the foundation of a new Socialist Party, whose first meeting took place on 14 July 2007. After the split, both groups had a deputy: Mauro Del Bue for the NPSI–De Michelis and Lucio Barani for the NPSI–Caldoro.
In October, after a consensual separation between the two groups and the foundation of the Socialist Party by Boselli, De Michelis, Craxi, Turci and splinters from Democratic Left
Democratic Left (Italy)
Democratic Left was a democratic socialist political party in Italy.It was founded on 5 May 2007 by splinters of the Democrats of the Left centred around Fabio Mussi and Gavino Angius, who opposed the merger of the DS into the Democratic Party...
(including Gavino Angius
Gavino Angius
Gavino Angius is an Italian politician.-Biography:Born at Sassari , after the degree in Political Sciences, he became a member of the Italian Communist Party , for which he was secretary of his city's section...
and Valdo Spini
Valdo Spini
Valdo Spini is an Italian politician and writer.A long-time member of the Italian Socialist Party , in 1994 he founded the Labour Federation , of which he was leader until FL merged into the Democrats of the Left . Since then, he was a leading member of the Socialist faction within DS. .Elected MP...
), the group of De Michelis changed name into Socialist Party
Socialist Party (Italy, 2007–2008)
The Socialist Party was a tiny social-democratic Italian political party. Its leader was Gianni De Michelis.-History:...
(coherently with name of the future party), while the group of Caldoro retained the party's name and decided to change symbol. Since that moment the only NPSI was that led by Caldoro, who announced that its party was interested in joining The People of Freedom
The People of Freedom
The People of Freedom is a centre-right political party in Italy. With the Democratic Party, it is one of the two major parties of the current Italian party system....
(PdL) along with Forza Italia
Forza Italia
Forza Italia was a liberal-conservative, Christian democratic, and liberal political party in Italy, with a large social democratic minority, that was led by Silvio Berlusconi, four times Prime Minister of Italy....
and National Alliance
National Alliance (Italy)
National Alliance was a conservative political party in Italy.Gianfranco Fini was the leader of the party since its foundation in 1995, however he stepped down in 2008 after being elected to the nominally non-partisan post of President of the Italian Chamber of Deputies and was succeeded by...
.
The People of Freedom
At the 2008 general electionItalian general election, 2008
A snap general election was held in Italy on 13 April and 14 April 2008. The election came after President Giorgio Napolitano dissolved parliament on 6 February 2008 following the defeat of the government of Prime Minister Romano Prodi in a January 2008 Senate vote, and the unsuccessful tentative...
NPSI got two deputies re-elected in the lists of the PdL: Stefano Caldoro and Lucio Barani. In March 2009 the party was merged into the PdL, but has retained some of its autonomy. In the 2010 Campania regional election
Campania regional election, 2010
The Campania regional election of 2010 took place on 28–29 March 2010.The region came out from ten years of undisputed dominance by the centre-left led by Antonio Bassolino . A former Mayor of Naples and minister, he was re-elected by a landslide 61.6% of the vote in 2005...
Caldoro was elected President by a landslide.
Following his election, Caldoro stepped down from party secretary and was succeeded by Barani. Caldoro was then elected party president.
Leadership
- Secretary: Gianni De MichelisGianni De MichelisGiovanni De Michelis is an Italian politician.-Biography:De Michelis was born in Venice.His political experience started with the Italian Socialist Party, where he was elected to the municipal council of Venice. He got elected for the first time to the Italian Parliament in 1976 and was elected...
(2001–2007), Stefano Caldoro (2007–2011), Lucio Barani (2011–present)- Deputy Secretary: Bobo Craxi (2002–2005), Mauro Del Bue (2003–2006), Chiara MoroniChiara MoroniChiara Moroni is an Italian politician, daughter of Sergio Moroni, a Socialist politician who killed himself during Tangentopoli...
(2005–2006), Alessandro BattilocchioAlessandro BattilocchioAlessandro Battilocchio is an Italian politician and Member of the European Parliamentfor Central with the Socialist Party New PSI , which has apparently not joined the...
(2006–2007), Francesco Pizzo (2006–2007), Franco Spedale (2007–2010), Franco Caruso (2007–2011), Adolfo Collice (2007–2011), Francesco Pizzo (2010–present), Laura Schianchi (2011–present) - Spokesman: Claudio MartelliClaudio MartelliClaudio Martelli is an Italian politician, and the right-hand man of Bettino Craxi, the socialist Prime Minister from 1983–1987.-Biography:Martelli was born at Gessate, in the province of Milan....
(2001–2002), Bobo Craxi (2002–2005), Chiara MoroniChiara MoroniChiara Moroni is an Italian politician, daughter of Sergio Moroni, a Socialist politician who killed himself during Tangentopoli...
(2005–2006), Mauro Del Bue (2006–2007)
- Deputy Secretary: Bobo Craxi (2002–2005), Mauro Del Bue (2003–2006), Chiara Moroni
- President: Bobo Craxi (2001–2002), Vincenzo Milioto (2002–2005), Stefano Caldoro (2011–present)
- President of the National Council: Francesco Pizzo (2005–2007), Roberto Scheda (2007–present)
- Coordinator: Stefano Caldoro (2006–2007), Antonino Di Trapani (2007–present)
- Treasurer: Lucio Barani (2007–2011), Massimo Lofaro (2011–present)