Sino-Japanese relations (1931-1937)
Encyclopedia
The period between the Mukden Incident
in 1931 and the official beginning of the Second Sino-Japanese War
in 1937 involved constant regional armed resistance to Japanese advances in Manchuria
and North China
, and the Nanjing's efforts in stopping further encroachments through diplomatic negotiations. This era was turbulent for the Nationalist
government, as it was mired in a civil war with the Chinese Communists and maintained an uneasy truce with remnant warlord
s, who nominally aligned with Chiang Kai-shek
, following the Northern Expedition. This period also saw the Nationalist government's pursuit in modernizing its National Revolutionary Army
, through the assistance of Soviet, and later German, advisors.
Mukden Incident
The Mukden Incident, also known as the Manchurian Incident, was a staged event that was engineered by Japanese military personnel as a pretext for invading the northern part of China known as Manchuria in 1931....
in 1931 and the official beginning of the Second Sino-Japanese War
Second Sino-Japanese War
The Second Sino-Japanese War was a military conflict fought primarily between the Republic of China and the Empire of Japan. From 1937 to 1941, China fought Japan with some economic help from Germany , the Soviet Union and the United States...
in 1937 involved constant regional armed resistance to Japanese advances in Manchuria
Manchuria
Manchuria is a historical name given to a large geographic region in northeast Asia. Depending on the definition of its extent, Manchuria usually falls entirely within the People's Republic of China, or is sometimes divided between China and Russia. The region is commonly referred to as Northeast...
and North China
North China
thumb|250px|Northern [[People's Republic of China]] region.Northern China or North China is a geographical region of China. The heartland of North China is the North China Plain....
, and the Nanjing's efforts in stopping further encroachments through diplomatic negotiations. This era was turbulent for the Nationalist
Kuomintang
The Kuomintang of China , sometimes romanized as Guomindang via the Pinyin transcription system or GMD for short, and translated as the Chinese Nationalist Party is a founding and ruling political party of the Republic of China . Its guiding ideology is the Three Principles of the People, espoused...
government, as it was mired in a civil war with the Chinese Communists and maintained an uneasy truce with remnant warlord
Warlord
A warlord is a person with power who has both military and civil control over a subnational area due to armed forces loyal to the warlord and not to a central authority. The term can also mean one who espouses the ideal that war is necessary, and has the means and authority to engage in war...
s, who nominally aligned with Chiang Kai-shek
Chiang Kai-shek
Chiang Kai-shek was a political and military leader of 20th century China. He is known as Jiǎng Jièshí or Jiǎng Zhōngzhèng in Mandarin....
, following the Northern Expedition. This period also saw the Nationalist government's pursuit in modernizing its National Revolutionary Army
National Revolutionary Army
The National Revolutionary Army , pre-1928 sometimes shortened to 革命軍 or Revolutionary Army and between 1928-1947 as 國軍 or National Army was the Military Arm of the Kuomintang from 1925 until 1947, as well as the national army of the Republic of China during the KMT's period of party rule...
, through the assistance of Soviet, and later German, advisors.