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"Schools of Japanese tea ceremony" refers to the various lines or "streams" of the Japan
Japan

Japan is an island country in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, People's Republic of China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south....
ese Way of Tea
Japanese tea ceremony

What is commonly known in English as the Japanese tea ceremony is called chanoyu or also chado or sado in Japanese....
. The word "schools" here is an English rendering of the Japanese
Japanese language

IPA: [n?iho?go] is a language spoken by over 130 million people in Japan and in Japanese emigrant communities. It is related to the Ryukyuan languages....
 term ryuha.

san-Senke
There are three historical households directly descended from the 16th-century tea master Sen no Rikyu
Sen no Rikyu

is considered the historical figure with the most profound influence on the Japanese tea ceremony, particularly the tradition of wabi-cha. Rikyu is known by many names; for convenience this article will refer to him as Rikyu throughout....
 which are dedicated to transmitting the Way of Tea that was developed by their mutual family founder, Sen no Rikyu.






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"Schools of Japanese tea ceremony" refers to the various lines or "streams" of the Japan
Japan

Japan is an island country in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, People's Republic of China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south....
ese Way of Tea
Japanese tea ceremony

What is commonly known in English as the Japanese tea ceremony is called chanoyu or also chado or sado in Japanese....
. The word "schools" here is an English rendering of the Japanese
Japanese language

IPA: [n?iho?go] is a language spoken by over 130 million people in Japan and in Japanese emigrant communities. It is related to the Ryukyuan languages....
 term ryuha.

san-Senke


There are three historical households directly descended from the 16th-century tea master Sen no Rikyu
Sen no Rikyu

is considered the historical figure with the most profound influence on the Japanese tea ceremony, particularly the tradition of wabi-cha. Rikyu is known by many names; for convenience this article will refer to him as Rikyu throughout....
 which are dedicated to transmitting the Way of Tea that was developed by their mutual family founder, Sen no Rikyu. They are known collectively as the san-Senke, or "three Sen houses/families." These are the Omotesenke
Omotesenke

is the name of one of the three houses or families that count their family founder as Sen Rikyu and are dedicated to carrying forward the Way of Tea that he developed....
, Urasenke
Urasenke

is the name of one of the main Schools of Japanese tea ceremony of Japanese tea ceremony. It is one of the san-Senke ; the other two are Omotesenke and Mushakojisenke ....
, and Mushakojisenke (see Mushanokojisenke
Mushanokojisenke

Mushanokojisenke or is a school of Japanese tea ceremony. Along with Urasenke and Omotesenke, the Mushakojisenke is one of the three lines of the Sen family descending from Sen Rikyu, which together are known as the san-Senke or "three Sen houses/families" ....
). Another line, which was located in Sakai and therefore called the Sakaisenke, was the original Senke (Sen house) founded by Sen no Rikyu. Rikyu's natural son, Sen Doan
Sen Doan

was a Japanese tea ceremony master. He was the eldest son of Sen no Rikyu.References*Daijirin, 2nd Ed.*Daijisen, 1st. Ed.*Kojien, 5th Ed....
, took over as head of the Sakaisenke after his father's death, but the Sakaisenke soon disappeared because Doan had no offspring or successor. The school named Edosenke (????; lit., Edo Sen house/family) is not descended by blood from the Sen family; its founder, Kawakami Fuhaku (1716-1807), became a tea master under the 7th generation head of the Omotesenke line, and eventually set up a tea house in Edo (Tokyo), where he devoted himself to developing the Omotesenke style of the Way of Tea in Edo.

The san-Senke arose from the fact that three of the four sons of Genpaku Sotan (Sen no Rikyu's grandson) inherited or built a tea house
Chashitsu

File:2002_kenrokuen_hanami_0123.jpgIn Japanese tradition, architectural spaces where Japanese tea ceremony gatherings are held are known as chashitsu ....
, and assumed the duty of passing forward the tea ideals and tea methodology of their great-grandfather, Sen no Rikyu. Koshin Sosa inherited Fushin-an and became the head (iemoto
Iemoto

Iemoto is a Japanese language used to refer to the founder or current head master of a certain school of traditional Japanese art. It is used synonymously with the word soke when it refers to the family or house that the iemoto is head of and represents....
) of the Omotesenke line; Senso Soshitsu inherited Konnichi-an and became iemoto of the Urasenke line; and Ichio Soshu built Kankyu-an and became iemoto of the Mushakojisenke line. The names of these three family lines came about from the locations of their estates, as symbolized by their tea houses: the family in the front (omote), the family in the rear (ura), and the family on Mushakoji Street.

The Way of Tea perfected by Sen no Rikyu and furthered by Sen Sotan is known as wabi-cha
Wabi-cha

Wabi-cha...
. The san-Senke have historically championed this manner of tea.

Other schools


The three lines of the Sen family which count their founder as Sen no Rikyu are simply known as the Omotesenke, Urasenke, and Mushakojisenke. Schools that developed as branches or sub-schools of the san-Senke, or separately from them, are known as "~ryu" (from ryuha), which may be translated as "school" or "style." New schools often formed when factions split an existing school after several generations. There are many of these schools, most of them quite small.

Current schools


  • Oribe-ryu ??? (founder: Furuta Shigenari
    Furuta Shigenari

    , more familiarly known in Japanese cultural history as , was a warrior and celebrated master of the Japanese tea ceremony. He was originally a retainer of Oda Nobunaga and Toyotomi Hideyoshi....
     [a.k.a. Furuta Oribe])
According to the Japanese tea historian Tsutsui Hiroichi, after the death of Sen no Rikyu, his chado follower Furuta Oribe succeeded him as the most influential tea master in the land. Oribe was chado officer for the second Tokugawa shogun, Tokugawa Hidetada
Tokugawa Hidetada

was the second shogun of the Tokugawa shogunate, who ruled from 1605 until his abdication in 1623. He was the third son of Tokugawa Ieyasu, the first shogun of the Tokugawa bakufu....
, and had a number of notable chado disciples, foremost of whom was Kobori Enshu. For political reasons, Oribe was ordered to commit seppuku
Seppuku

is a form of Japanese Suicide#Ritual suicide by disembowelment. Seppuku was originally reserved only for samurai. Part of the samurai honor code, seppuku was used voluntarily by samurai to die with honor rather than fall into the hands of their enemies, as a form of capital punishment for samurai who have committed serious offenses, and for reason...
 (ritual suicide), and consequently his family did not become an official tea-teaching family. Through the succeeding generations, the family head held the position of karo (intendant) to the daimyo
Daimyo

The were powerful territorial lords who ruled most of Japan from their vast, hereditary land holdings. The term derives from a shortening of the title , which literally means "great named land" and originally simply referred to the owner of a large estate....
 headquartered at Oka Castle in present-day Oita Prefecture
Oita Prefecture

is a Prefectures of Japan of Japan located on Kyushu Island. The prefectural capital is the city of Oita, Oita....
, Kyushu. With the Meiji Restoration
Meiji Restoration

The , also known as the Meiji Ishin, Revolution, or Renewal, was a chain of events that led to enormous changes in Japan's political and social structure....
 in the late 19th century, and the family's consequent loss of its hereditary position, the 14th-generation family head, Furuta Sokan, went to the new capital, Tokyo, to attempt to reestablish the Oribe school of tea. Today, Kyushu and especially Oita have the highest concentration of followers of this school.
  • Anrakuan-ryu ????
  • Chinshin-ryu ???
  • Edosenke-ryu ?????
  • Enshu-ryu ??? (founder: Kobori Masakazu
    Kobori Masakazu

    ' , better known as ', was a notable artist and aristocrat in the reign of Tokugawa Ieyasu.In 1604, Kobori received as inheritance a 12,000-koku fief in Omi Province at Komuro....
     [a.k.a. Kobori Enshu]])
  • Furuichi-ryu ???
  • Fusai-ryu ???
  • Fujibayashi-ryu ???
  • Fuhaku-ryu ???
  • Fumai-ryu ???
  • Hayami-ryu ??? (founder: Hayami Sotatsu [1727-1809], who learned tea under the 8th Urasenke iemoto, Yugensai, and was allowed by him to found a school of his own in Okayama)
  • Higoko-ryu ????
  • Hisada-ryu ???
  • Hosokawasansai-ryu ?????
  • Horinouchi-ryu ???
  • Kayano-ryu ???
  • Kobori-ryu ???
  • Kogetsuenshu-ryu ?????
  • Matsuo-ryu ???
  • Mitani-ryu ???
  • Miyabi-ryu ??
  • Nara-ryu ???
  • Rikyu-ryu ???
  • Sakai-ryu ??
  • Sekishu-ryu ???
    • Sekishu-ryu Ikeiha ??????
    • Sekishu-ryu Oguchiha ??????
    • Sekishu-ryu Shimizuha ??????
    • Sekishu-ryu Nomuraha ??????
  • Sohen-ryu ?("hen" kanji unavailable)? (founder: Yamada Sohen [1627-1708], one of the four close disciples of Sen Sotan
    Sen Sotan

    was a Japanese tea ceremony master. He was the son of Sen Shoan and Okame, a daughter of Sen Rikyu, and is counted as the third generation in the three lines of the Sen family known together as the san-Senke ....
    )
  • Sowa-ryu ???
  • Uedasoko-ryu ?????
  • Uraku-ryu ??? (founder: Oda Nagamasu
    Oda Nagamasu

    was a Japanese daimyo who lived from the late Sengoku period through the early Edo period. Also known as Urakusai , he was a brother of Oda Nobunaga....
     [Urakusai])
  • Yabunouchi-ryu ??? (founder: Yabunouchi Kenchu Jochi [1536-1627], who, like Sen Rikyu, learned chanoyu from Takeno Joo
    Takeno Joo

    was a master of the Japanese tea ceremony and a well-known merchant during the Sengoku period of the 16th century in Japan.It is believed that the family descended from the Takeda clan who were guardians of Wakasa province....
    )


External links


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