Sardar Muhammad Ibrahim Khan
Encyclopedia
Sardar Muhammad Ibrahim Khan (April 10, 1915 – July 31, 2003) also known as Bani-e-Kashmir "Father of Kashmir
" and Ghazi-e-Millat, is the founder of Azad Kashmir
. Born in Horna Mirah, a village of District
Poonch
of Kashmir, Sardar Ibrahim obtained his LLB from the University of London
in 1943, and began his practice as a prosecutor in 1943 at Mirpur. He completed his BVC
from Lincoln's Inn
and became the first Barrister
of Kashmir. He was appointed as assistant advocate general in 1944 by the then Maharaja
of Kashmir. He left the government job in line with the liberation of Kashmir movement, and contested the 1946 elections with sweeping victory that made him the Member of Rajiha Sabha. He led an army of Kashmiri guerrillas against the Maharaja of Kashmir, Hari Singh
, after passing the resolution for Kashmir's accession to Pakistan in 1947, at his residence. Sardar and his army were unable to capture the whole Kashmiri Territory due to the resolution passed by United Nations
on August 13, 1948. However, the captured area was named as Azad Kashmir
and Khan was elected as its first President
at the age of 32. He represented Kashmir in different capacities in the United Nations from 1948 to 1971.
in Hornah Mirah, district Poonch. He was raised as a normal Kashmiri child with a simple rural lifestyle. Sardar's father was a landlord and a hard working man and his mother was a pious and humble lady. Sardar was the second last child of his parents amongst the siblings of eight (three brothers and five sisters). Sardar was very much inspired by the Armed Forces
. As a young boy he wanted to join the Army and become a soldier, but fate had different plans for him. As a child, he always took interest in house duties and was very energetic. Like every other child, Sardar was very much inspired by his parents and because of that he developed a dominant personality with a touch of love and affection for poor and needy.
Sardar was an intelligent young man. Where other students finished their primary education in 5 years, Sardar completed his in 3. He passed his Matric exams in 1933 from a school in District Poonch
. After matriculation he went to Lahore and joined Islamia College for his Intermediate and Bachelors studies. In 1935 he passed his Intermediate (F.A.) exams and in 1937, he attained his Bachelors degree (B.A.
). After graduation he decided to become a lawyer and left for Britain in 1940. In 1943 he obtained the LLB Degree from the University of London
.
from Britain, Khan became the special representative of Kashmir to the United Nations
.
He was elected President of Azad Kashmir
on five separate occasions. He died during 2003 at his son's home in Islamabad
, Pakistan.
Kashmir
Kashmir is the northwestern region of the Indian subcontinent. Until the mid-19th century, the term Kashmir geographically denoted only the valley between the Great Himalayas and the Pir Panjal mountain range...
" and Ghazi-e-Millat, is the founder of Azad Kashmir
Azad Kashmir
Azad Jammu and Kashmir or Azad Kashmir for short, is the southernmost political entity within the Pakistani-administered part of the former princely state of Jammu and Kashmir...
. Born in Horna Mirah, a village of District
District
Districts are a type of administrative division, in some countries managed by a local government. They vary greatly in size, spanning entire regions or counties, several municipalities, or subdivisions of municipalities.-Austria:...
Poonch
Poonch
Poonch is a town and a municipal committee in Poonch District in the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir. Based on the Mahābhārata evidence, and the evidence from 7th Chinese traveler Xuanzang, the districts of Poonch along with Rajauri and Abhisara had been under the sway of the Republican Kambojas...
of Kashmir, Sardar Ibrahim obtained his LLB from the University of London
University of London
-20th century:Shortly after 6 Burlington Gardens was vacated, the University went through a period of rapid expansion. Bedford College, Royal Holloway and the London School of Economics all joined in 1900, Regent's Park College, which had affiliated in 1841 became an official divinity school of the...
in 1943, and began his practice as a prosecutor in 1943 at Mirpur. He completed his BVC
BVC
BVC can refer to:*Bar Professional Training Course , a postgraduate course*Bassingbourn Village College, a secondary school in Cambridgeshire*Blanchard Valley Conference, a Northwest Ohio High School athletic conference...
from Lincoln's Inn
Lincoln's Inn
The Honourable Society of Lincoln's Inn is one of four Inns of Court in London to which barristers of England and Wales belong and where they are called to the Bar. The other three are Middle Temple, Inner Temple and Gray's Inn. Although Lincoln's Inn is able to trace its official records beyond...
and became the first Barrister
Barrister
A barrister is a member of one of the two classes of lawyer found in many common law jurisdictions with split legal professions. Barristers specialise in courtroom advocacy, drafting legal pleadings and giving expert legal opinions...
of Kashmir. He was appointed as assistant advocate general in 1944 by the then Maharaja
Maharaja
Mahārāja is a Sanskrit title for a "great king" or "high king". The female equivalent title Maharani denotes either the wife of a Maharaja or, in states where that was customary, a woman ruling in her own right. The widow of a Maharaja is known as a Rajamata...
of Kashmir. He left the government job in line with the liberation of Kashmir movement, and contested the 1946 elections with sweeping victory that made him the Member of Rajiha Sabha. He led an army of Kashmiri guerrillas against the Maharaja of Kashmir, Hari Singh
Hari Singh
Maharaja Hari Singh was the last ruling Maharaja of the princely state of Jammu and Kashmir in India.He was married four times...
, after passing the resolution for Kashmir's accession to Pakistan in 1947, at his residence. Sardar and his army were unable to capture the whole Kashmiri Territory due to the resolution passed by United Nations
United Nations
The United Nations is an international organization whose stated aims are facilitating cooperation in international law, international security, economic development, social progress, human rights, and achievement of world peace...
on August 13, 1948. However, the captured area was named as Azad Kashmir
Azad Kashmir
Azad Jammu and Kashmir or Azad Kashmir for short, is the southernmost political entity within the Pakistani-administered part of the former princely state of Jammu and Kashmir...
and Khan was elected as its first President
President
A president is a leader of an organization, company, trade union, university, or country.Etymologically, a president is one who presides, who sits in leadership...
at the age of 32. He represented Kashmir in different capacities in the United Nations from 1948 to 1971.
Early life
Sardar Khan was born in the Sadozai family of Azad KashmirAzad Kashmir
Azad Jammu and Kashmir or Azad Kashmir for short, is the southernmost political entity within the Pakistani-administered part of the former princely state of Jammu and Kashmir...
in Hornah Mirah, district Poonch. He was raised as a normal Kashmiri child with a simple rural lifestyle. Sardar's father was a landlord and a hard working man and his mother was a pious and humble lady. Sardar was the second last child of his parents amongst the siblings of eight (three brothers and five sisters). Sardar was very much inspired by the Armed Forces
Armed Forces
Armed Forces is Elvis Costello's third album, his second with the Attractions, and the first to officially credit the Attractions on the cover. It was released in the UK by Radar Records and in the U.S. by Columbia in 1979...
. As a young boy he wanted to join the Army and become a soldier, but fate had different plans for him. As a child, he always took interest in house duties and was very energetic. Like every other child, Sardar was very much inspired by his parents and because of that he developed a dominant personality with a touch of love and affection for poor and needy.
Education
Sardar was very fond of learning new things about the world. As a child he always took interest in house duties. He acquired his religious education from his elder brother but didn't attend any school up to the age of 10. Sardar quotes this matter in his book, Mata-e-Zindagi, as:
"As a child I was always interested in the house duties. It didn't occur to anyone in my family that I should be attending a school. When the other boys of my village started going to the school, nobody thought that I should go too. I was 10 years old when I started going to a school...."
Sardar was an intelligent young man. Where other students finished their primary education in 5 years, Sardar completed his in 3. He passed his Matric exams in 1933 from a school in District Poonch
Poonch
Poonch is a town and a municipal committee in Poonch District in the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir. Based on the Mahābhārata evidence, and the evidence from 7th Chinese traveler Xuanzang, the districts of Poonch along with Rajauri and Abhisara had been under the sway of the Republican Kambojas...
. After matriculation he went to Lahore and joined Islamia College for his Intermediate and Bachelors studies. In 1935 he passed his Intermediate (F.A.) exams and in 1937, he attained his Bachelors degree (B.A.
Bachelor of Arts
A Bachelor of Arts , from the Latin artium baccalaureus, is a bachelor's degree awarded for an undergraduate course or program in either the liberal arts, the sciences, or both...
). After graduation he decided to become a lawyer and left for Britain in 1940. In 1943 he obtained the LLB Degree from the University of London
University of London
-20th century:Shortly after 6 Burlington Gardens was vacated, the University went through a period of rapid expansion. Bedford College, Royal Holloway and the London School of Economics all joined in 1900, Regent's Park College, which had affiliated in 1841 became an official divinity school of the...
.
After independence
After the independence of PakistanPakistan
Pakistan , officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan is a sovereign state in South Asia. It has a coastline along the Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Oman in the south and is bordered by Afghanistan and Iran in the west, India in the east and China in the far northeast. In the north, Tajikistan...
from Britain, Khan became the special representative of Kashmir to the United Nations
United Nations
The United Nations is an international organization whose stated aims are facilitating cooperation in international law, international security, economic development, social progress, human rights, and achievement of world peace...
.
He was elected President of Azad Kashmir
Azad Kashmir
Azad Jammu and Kashmir or Azad Kashmir for short, is the southernmost political entity within the Pakistani-administered part of the former princely state of Jammu and Kashmir...
on five separate occasions. He died during 2003 at his son's home in Islamabad
Islamabad
Islamabad is the capital of Pakistan and the tenth largest city in the country. Located within the Islamabad Capital Territory , the population of the city has grown from 100,000 in 1951 to 1.7 million in 2011...
, Pakistan.