Sarawan Country
Encyclopedia
The Sarawan Country was a division of the former princely state of Kalat in Baluchistan
, Pakistan
, with an area 4339 square miles (11,238 km²). To the north were Quetta
, Pishin, Bolan Pass
and Sibi District
. On the south was the minor state of Jhalawan
. The main mountain ranges are Nagau
, Bhaur
, Zamuri hills
, Bangulzai hills
with the peaks of Moro
, Dilband
and Harboi
.
and Ghorid empires, until the end of the 15th century when control passed to Mir Chakar Khan Rind
. In the 17th century Mir Ahmad Khan of Kalat gained the country from the Mughal
governor Agha Jafar. In 1758, Ahmad Shah Durrani
was defeated first by Nasir Khan, ruler of Kalat but later Durrani assaulted Kalat itself. Nasir Khan the second was brought on throne by Sarawan tribesmen in the 1840s rebellion but in the 1871 Brahui
s were badly defeated at Khad
out skirt of Mastung
by Mir Khudadad Khan of Kalat.
traders. The majority of the population were Brahui
and the minority were Balochis. The centre of the country were Dehwar
s, Khorasanis and Johanis. The main tribes in the country were Lehri
s, Bangulzai
s, Kurds
, Shahwani
s, Muhammad Shahi
s, Tareen
s, Raisani
s and Sarpara
s.
Balochistan (Pakistan)
Balochistan is one of the four provinces or federating units of Pakistan. With an area of 134,051 mi2 or , it is the largest province of Pakistan, constituting approximately 44% of the total land mass of Pakistan. According to the 1998 population census, Balochistan had a population of...
, Pakistan
Pakistan
Pakistan , officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan is a sovereign state in South Asia. It has a coastline along the Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Oman in the south and is bordered by Afghanistan and Iran in the west, India in the east and China in the far northeast. In the north, Tajikistan...
, with an area 4339 square miles (11,238 km²). To the north were Quetta
Quetta
is the largest city and the provincial capital of the Balochistan Province of Pakistan. Known as the "Fruit Garden of Pakistan" due to the diversity of its plant and animal wildlife, Quetta is home to the Hazarganji Chiltan National Park, which contains some of the rarest species of wildlife in the...
, Pishin, Bolan Pass
Bolan Pass
The Bolan Pass is a mountain pass through the Toba Kakar Range of Balochistan province in western Pakistan, 120 kilometres from the Afghanistan border....
and Sibi District
Sibi District
Sibi is a district in theBalochistan province of Pakistan. The main mountains range are Zen, Bambore and Dungan. The climatic and topography of Sibi District is quite varied compared to other districts of Balochistan. It is also known as the "Hot spot" of Pakistan where the temperatures in the...
. On the south was the minor state of Jhalawan
Jhalawan
Jhalawan was established in the 17th century and its boundary was fixed with Sindh in 1853. The country was south of Kalat State, north of the Sarawan, west of the Kachi and Sindh and east of the Kharan and Makran. Jhalawan has important valleys of Baluchistan, such as Kalat, Gidar, Baghwana,...
. The main mountain ranges are Nagau
Nagau
Nagau is a mountain range located in the Kalat District of Balochistan, Pakistan. It is located at 29°16'30N 67°17'55E....
, Bhaur
Bhaur
Bhaur is a mountain range located in the Kalat District of Balochistan, Pakistan. It is located at 29°22'60N 67°20'60 E....
, Zamuri hills
Zamuri hills
The Zamuri hills are a mountain range located in the Kalat District of Balochistan, Pakistan....
, Bangulzai hills
Bangulzai Hills
The Bangulzai hills are a mountain range located in the Kalat District of Balochistan, Pakistan....
with the peaks of Moro
Moro
- Events :* Moro Crater massacre, an engagement in the Philippine-American War* Battle of the Moro, a World War II battle between mainly Canadian and German forces on the Moro river in Italy in 1943...
, Dilband
Dilband
Dilband is a mountain range located in the Kalat District of Balochistan, Pakistan. It is located at 29°29'40N 67°10'45E and is an important source of iron ore and has reserves of 165 million tons....
and Harboi
Harboi
Harboi is a mountain range located in the Kalat District of Balochistan, Pakistan. It is located at 29°3'0N 66°43'0 E and is 9,000 feet high and unlike most of the mountains in the area, which are black and barren, the Harboi contains juniper trees and picturesque scenery....
.
History
Sarawan country was ruled by many empires including the Ghaznavid EmpireGhaznavid Empire
The Ghaznavids were a Persianate Muslim dynasty of Turkic slave origin which existed from 975 to 1187 and ruled much of Persia, Transoxania, and the northern parts of the Indian subcontinent. The Ghaznavid state was centered in Ghazni, a city in modern-day Afghanistan...
and Ghorid empires, until the end of the 15th century when control passed to Mir Chakar Khan Rind
Mir Chakar Khan Rind
Mir Chakar Khan Rind or Meer Chaakar Khan Rind or Chakar-i-Azam was a Baloch chieftain in the 15th century...
. In the 17th century Mir Ahmad Khan of Kalat gained the country from the Mughal
Mughal Empire
The Mughal Empire , or Mogul Empire in traditional English usage, was an imperial power from the Indian Subcontinent. The Mughal emperors were descendants of the Timurids...
governor Agha Jafar. In 1758, Ahmad Shah Durrani
Ahmad Shah Durrani
Ahmad Shah Durrani , also known as Ahmad Shāh Abdālī and born as Ahmad Khān, was the founder of the Durrani Empire in 1747 and is regarded by many to be the founder of the modern state of Afghanistan.Ahmad Khan enlisted as a young soldier in the military of the Afsharid kingdom and quickly rose...
was defeated first by Nasir Khan, ruler of Kalat but later Durrani assaulted Kalat itself. Nasir Khan the second was brought on throne by Sarawan tribesmen in the 1840s rebellion but in the 1871 Brahui
Brahui
The name Brahui may refer to:*The Brahui language*The Brahui people...
s were badly defeated at Khad
KHAD
Khadamat-e Etela'at-e Dawlati translates directly to English as: "Government Information Agency". However, this phrase is more correctly translated as Government Intelligence Service...
out skirt of Mastung
Mastung
Mastung may refer to:* Mastung District* Mastung Valley* Mastung, Pakistan...
by Mir Khudadad Khan of Kalat.
Population
In 1901, the total population was 65,549, most of the population were Sunni Muslims and very few HinduHindu
Hindu refers to an identity associated with the philosophical, religious and cultural systems that are indigenous to the Indian subcontinent. As used in the Constitution of India, the word "Hindu" is also attributed to all persons professing any Indian religion...
traders. The majority of the population were Brahui
Brahui
The name Brahui may refer to:*The Brahui language*The Brahui people...
and the minority were Balochis. The centre of the country were Dehwar
Dehwar
Dehwar is a name of Baloch tribe in Balochistan. The tribe is settled primarily in Kalat, Khuzdar, Kharan, Noshkey, Sarlath, Dalbandin, and Mastung. The principal clans into which the tribe is divided are the Yusufzai dodaki Sanjarzai and Khwajakhail...
s, Khorasanis and Johanis. The main tribes in the country were Lehri
Lehri
Lehri are a Brahui and Balochi speaking Baloch tribe in Balochistan, Pakistan. They are descended from the Rind Baloch and have emerged from the Domki tribe. The Lehris originally had their headquarters in Narmuk, Kalat District...
s, Bangulzai
Bangulzai
The Bangulzai are a Brahui tribe located in Balochistan province of Pakistan. Bangulzai is one of the largest tribe in Balochistan and one of the important Baloch tribe of Sarawan. The Sardar or chief of the tribe was Sardar Bahadur Khan Bangulzai who became a provincial minister of Balochistan...
s, Kurds
Kurd (tribe)
Kurd is a Baloch tribe in the Balochistan, Sindh, and Punjab provinces of Pakistan. Kurds speak both Balochi and Brahui . Also a Sub-clan in Mazari tribe..famous for their gallantry against bugti's..Qadoo khan Kherd or Kurd was Commander who destroyed Siyah-aff or dera bugti with mazari...
, Shahwani
Shahwani
Shahwani is a Baloch tribe.*, Chief of Shahwani Tribe*Malik Zahur Shahwani, vice chairman of Human Rights Commission of Pakistan*Mohammed Abdullah al-Shahwani, former head of the Iraqi National Intelligence Service...
s, Muhammad Shahi
Muhammad Shahi
Muhammad Shahi is a Brahui tribe in Balochistan. They reside in the area of Mastung] and [Kalat.Tribe leader is Sardar Muhammad Zaman Muhammad shahi. Its main branches are Ahmed Khan Zai, Shadainzai, HajjiZai, Haibatzai, Samakzai, SoroZai, BambakaZai, Khidrani, Jiko, Dodai, Anjeerzai, Gowarani,...
s, Tareen
Tareen
The Tareen are a prominent Sarbanri Pashtun tribe residing in Afghanistan and in Pakistan. They are one of the largest Pashtun tribes.-History:...
s, Raisani
Raisani
Raisani is a Brahui-speaking Baloch tribe in Balochistan. The leader of each tribe is called Sardar. The Raisani tribal chief is called the Chief of `Sarawan`.The present Chief of Sarawan and Nawab of Raisani Tribe is Nawab Aslam Raisani.The leader of each tribe is called Sardar...
s and Sarpara
Sarpara
Sarparah is a Brahui tribe in Balochistan.Sarparahs live in Balochistan, Sindh, Iran and Afghanistan. They speak Brahui language....
s.