The P-5 "Pyatyorka" was a Cold War

Cold War

The Cold War was the continuing state from roughly 1946 to 1991 of political conflict, military tension, proxy wars, and economic competition between the Communist World—primarily the Soviet Union and its satellite states and allies—and the powers of the Western world, primarily the United States...

 era turbojet-powered cruise missile

Cruise missile

A cruise missile is a guided missile that carries an explosive payload and is propelled, usually by a jet engine, towards a land-based or sea-based target. Cruise missiles are designed to deliver a large warhead over long distances with high accuracy...

 of the Soviet Union

Soviet Union

The Soviet Union , officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics , was a constitutionally socialist state that existed in Eurasia between 1922 and 1991....

, designed by the Chelomey

Vladimir Chelomei

Vladimir Nikolayevich Chelomey was a Soviet mechanics scientist and rocket engineer from Ukraine.-Early life:Chelomey was born in Siedlce, Russian Empire into a Ukrainian family...

 design bureau. The missile entered service in 1959. Pyatyorka is a common name for the missile as the "digit 5", corresponding to the R-7 Semyorka

R-7 Semyorka

The R-7 was a Soviet missile developed during the Cold War, and the world's first intercontinental ballistic missile. The R-7 made 28 launches between 1957 and 1961, but was never deployed operationally. A derivative, the R-7A, was deployed from 1960 to 1968...

, the digit 7.

The basic version of the missile was a inertially-guided

Inertial navigation system

An inertial navigation system is a navigation aid that uses a computer, motion sensors and rotation sensors to continuously calculate via dead reckoning the position, orientation, and velocity of a moving object without the need for external references...

 submarine-launched cruise missile to threaten the US coast. The missile could be armed with either a 1000 kg high explosive or a 200 or 350 kt nuclear warhead.
It had a speed of about 0.9 Mach, range of 500 km and CEP

Circular error probable

In the military science of ballistics, circular error probable is an intuitive measure of a weapon system's precision...

 of about 3000 m. The later variant had a range of possibly up to 1000 km.
The first missiles were installed in Project 644, Whiskey Twin Cylinder and Project 665, Whiskey Long Bin submarines.

Versions of P-5 were later developed equipped with radar homing to be used as anti-ship missile

Anti-ship missile

Anti-ship missiles are guided missiles that are designed for use against ships and large boats. Most anti-ship missiles are of the sea-skimming type, many use a combination of inertial guidance and radar homing...

s. The last anti-ship versions were retired from active service about 1990, replaced by the P-500 Bazalt and P-700 Granit

P-700 Granit

The P-700 Granit is a Soviet and Russian naval anti-ship cruise missile. Its GRAU designation is 3M45, its NATO reporting name SS-N-19 Shipwreck...

.

There were actually three versions of turbojet-powered, cruise missiles that were called "SS-N-3" by Western intelligence sources, with multiple variants. The earliest, P-5 was called SS-N-3c, and later versions SS-N-3a and SS-N-3b.
The various Russian designations are believed to be P-5 "Pyatyorka", P-6, P-7, and P-35 Progress. Some sources indicate that missiles 'P-10' and 'P-25' may also exist.

NATO called the submarine-launched radar-homing versions of the P-6 SS-N-3A 'Shaddock'. These were carried by Echo II

Echo class submarine

The Echo class submarines were nuclear cruise missile submarines of the Soviet Navy built during the 1960s. Their Soviet designation was Project 659 class for the first five vessels, and Project 675 for the following twenty-nine...

 and Juliett class submarine

Juliett class submarine

The Project 651, known in the West by its NATO reporting name Juliett class, was a class of Soviet diesel-electric submarines armed with cruise missiles. They were designed in the late 1950s to provide the Soviet Navy with a nuclear strike capability against targets along the east coast of the...

s for targeting US aircraft carriers.
Russian sources indicate that there was only submarine-launched version of P-5.
The surface-launched, radar-homing

Radar guidance

There are 2 types of radar guidance:*Active radar guidance*Semi-active radar guidance...

 version called P-35 was used by Kynda and Kresta I class guided-missile cruisers.
The P-7 was possibly a longer-ranged version of the P-5, or a further development of the P-6.

There were also land-based versions of these missiles transported in and launched from an eight-wheel truck.

Yugoslavia

Yugoslavia

Yugoslavia refers to three political entities that existed successively on the western part of the Balkans during most of the 20th century....

 deployed the SS-N-3 as a ground-sea system.

Specifications

• Length: 10.20 m (a/b) or 11.75 m (model C)
• Diameter: 0.98m
• Wingspan: 5 m
• Weight: 5000 kg
• Propulsion: turbojet with launch rocket boosters
• Speed up to Mach 0.9
• Range: 450 km (a/b), 750 km (model C)
• Guidance Inertial with mid course correction via data link. Terminal active radar in conventional-armed versions.
• Warhead: 1000kg conventional or 200-350 kt nuclear

Deployment

This missile was deployed on the following ships;

• Whiskey Twin Cylinder
  Whiskey class submarine
  Whiskey-class submarines are a class of naval submarines that the Soviet Union built in the early Cold War period.-Design:...
  
   submarines (early unguided versions)
• Whiskey Long Bin
  Whiskey class submarine
  Whiskey-class submarines are a class of naval submarines that the Soviet Union built in the early Cold War period.-Design:...
  
   submarines (early unguided versions)
• Juliett class submarine
  Juliett class submarine
  The Project 651, known in the West by its NATO reporting name Juliett class, was a class of Soviet diesel-electric submarines armed with cruise missiles. They were designed in the late 1950s to provide the Soviet Navy with a nuclear strike capability against targets along the east coast of the...
  
  s
• Echo class submarine
  Echo class submarine
  The Echo class submarines were nuclear cruise missile submarines of the Soviet Navy built during the 1960s. Their Soviet designation was Project 659 class for the first five vessels, and Project 675 for the following twenty-nine...
  
  s
• Kynda class cruiser
  Kynda class cruiser
  The Project 58 Missile cruisers, known to NATO as the Kynda class were the first Soviet missile cruisers and a considerable advance for the Soviet Navy. Their main role was anti-surface warfare using the SS-N-3b 'Shaddock' missile...
  
  s
• Kresta I class cruiser
  Kresta I class cruiser
  Kresta I class cruiser is a Soviet cruiser class, the Soviet designation was Project 1134 Berkut These ships were designed for a surface warfare role. Soviet priorities were changed to an anti-submarine role and only 4 ships were built with this configuration...
  
  s

The Lake Inari Incident

On 28 December 1984 a SS-N-3 missile used as a target by the Soviet Navy strayed over Finnish

Finland

Finland , officially the Republic of Finland, is a Nordic country situated in the Fennoscandian region of Northern Europe. It is bordered by Sweden in the west, Norway in the north and Russia in the east, while Estonia lies to its south across the Gulf of Finland.Around 5.4 million people reside...

 border and crashed into Lake Inari

Lake Inari

Lake Inari is the third largest lake in Finland and the largest lake in Sápmi. It is located in the northern part of Lapland, north of the Arctic Circle. The lake is 117–119 meters above sea level and it is regulated at the Kaitakoski power plant in Russia...

.

External links

• MARITIME STRIKE The Soviet Perspective
• SSC-1a Shaddock and SS-N-3 Sepal at Federation of American Scientists