Rüfenach
Encyclopedia
Rüfenach is a municipality
in the district of Brugg
in the canton
of Aargau
in Switzerland
.
.
It consists of three villages, Rüfenach, Hinterrein, and Vorderrein. The latter two were part of an independent municipality called Rein until 1898.. Rüfenach lies furthest west in the middle of a flat plain. Hinterrein is slightly higher and lies in the middle. Vorderrein is to the east on a marked hill. The east side of this hill falls sharply to the Aare. The difference in altitude is about 70 m (229.7 ft).
Rüfenach has an area, , of 4.17 square kilometres (1.6 sq mi). Of this area, 1.98 square kilometre (0.764482274013219 sq mi) or 47.5% is used for agricultural purposes, while 1.7 square kilometre (0.65637366960731 sq mi) or 40.8% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 0.48 square kilometre (0.185329036124417 sq mi) or 11.5% is settled (buildings or roads), 0.02 km² (4.9 acre) or 0.5% is either rivers or lakes.
Of the built up area, housing and buildings made up 4.8% and transportation infrastructure made up 5.8%. 40.0% of the total land area is heavily forested. Of the agricultural land, 35.7% is used for growing crops and 8.2% is pastures, while 3.6% is used for orchards or vine crops. All the water in the municipality is in rivers and streams. The highest point, the Reinerberg, lies at 522 m (1,712.6 ft) in altitude, and the lowest in Vorderrein on the Aare at 325 m (1,066.3 ft).
Neighboring municipalities are Villigen
to the north and northeast, Brugg
to the southeast, Riniken
to the southwest, and Remigen
to the northwest.
in Alsace
. It also included Rüfenach, Lauffohr, Remigen, Stilli, and Villigen. Rüfenach is first mentioned around 1227-34 as Rufinach.
In the 13th century, the Habsburg
s exerted their power in the region. King Rudolph I of Habsburg bought Rein in 1291. In 1345, Queen Agnes of Hungary gave Rein to the cloister of Wittichen im Kinzigtal in the Black Forest
.
When the city of Bern conquered the area west of the Aare in 1460, the rights of the cloister were not affected. However, the arrival of the Reformation
in 1528 did have a great effect. In 1544, the cloister sold Rein to Count Hartmann von Hallwyl. Between 1588 and 1599, the city of Brugg gained control of two thirds of the territory, and the city of Bern the other third.
In March of 1798, conquered Switzerland and declared the Helvetic Republic
. Rein became part of the new canton of Aargau. In 1799, the front line between the two coalitions in the Napoleonic Wars
ran right down the center of the valley of the Aare. There were many French military camps in the region. The villagers suffered greatly from requisitions and plundering.
In 1803, Rein was dissolved, and the single villages were made independent municipalities. About a hundred years later, the canton actively promoted a policy of fusion, and Rein was combined with Rüfenach. The people of Rein resisted, but with no success. Although they took the case to the highest court, the two municipalities were united on January 1, 1898.
Until well into the 20th century, Rüfenach and Rein remained agricultural villages. In the 1960s, much construction was undertaken, and the population more than doubled.
and gothic
elements. It had to be razed in 1863 because it was no longer safe. In its place, a new church was built in 1864 designed by the Zürich
architect, Johann Kaspar Wolf.
In 1814 the textile industrialist Johann Heinrich Meyer founded an orphanage and poorhouse. The building, which is in classical style, became part of the cantonal psychiatric hospital in 1947.
The age distribution, , in Rüfenach is; 81 children or 9.3% of the population are between 0 and 9 years old and 142 teenagers or 16.3% are between 10 and 19. Of the adult population, 95 people or 10.9% of the population are between 20 and 29 years old. 94 people or 10.8% are between 30 and 39, 171 people or 19.7% are between 40 and 49, and 128 people or 14.7% are between 50 and 59. The senior population distribution is 99 people or 11.4% of the population are between 60 and 69 years old, 39 people or 4.5% are between 70 and 79, there are 17 people or 2.0% who are between 80 and 89,and there are 3 people or 0.3% who are 90 and older.
the average number of residents per living room was 0.59 which is about equal to the cantonal average of 0.57 per room. In this case, a room is defined as space of a housing unit of at least 4 m² (43.1 sq ft) as normal bedrooms, dining rooms, living rooms, kitchens and habitable cellars and attics. About 68.9% of the total households were owner occupied, or in other words did not pay rent (though they may have a mortgage
or a rent-to-own agreement).
, there were 16 homes with 1 or 2 persons in the household, 113 homes with 3 or 4 persons in the household, and 122 homes with 5 or more persons in the household. The average number of people per household was 2.75 individuals. there were 210 single family homes (or 62.1% of the total) out of a total of 338 homes and apartments. There were a total of 4 empty apartments for a 1.2% vacancy rate. , the construction rate of new housing units was 10.7 new units per 1000 residents.
In the 2007 federal election
the most popular party was the SVP
which received 36.7% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the SP
(17.2%), the FDP
(13.4%) and the CVP
(12.4%).
In Rüfenach about 81.6% of the population (between age 25-64) have completed either non-mandatory upper secondary education or additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule
). Of the school age population , there are 90 students attending primary school, there are 127 students attending secondary school in the municipality.
The historical population is given in the following table:
there was a total of 386 workers who lived in the municipality. Of these, 292 or about 75.6% of the residents worked outside Rüfenach while 90 people commuted into the municipality for work. There were a total of 184 jobs (of at least 6 hours per week) in the municipality. Of the working population, 14.6% used public transportation to get to work, and 49.9% used a private car.
. Of the rest of the population, there were 3 individuals (or about 0.41% of the population) who belonged to the Christian Catholic
faith.
to Remigen and Laufenburg
runs about 100 m north of the municipality. The post bus line from Brugg to Mönthal
provides it with public transportation.
Municipalities of Switzerland
Communes , also known as municipalities, are the smallest government division in Switzerland, numbering 2,596 . While many have a population of a few hundred citizens, the largest cities such as Zürich or Geneva also have the legal status of municipalities...
in the district of Brugg
Brugg (district)
Brugg District is a district in the Canton of Aargau, Switzerland, it is located south of the Aare and the Aargauer Jura covers the district. The capital of the district is the town of Brugg.-Geography:...
in the canton
Cantons of Switzerland
The 26 cantons of Switzerland are the member states of the federal state of Switzerland. Each canton was a fully sovereign state with its own borders, army and currency from the Treaty of Westphalia until the establishment of the Swiss federal state in 1848...
of Aargau
Aargau
Aargau is one of the more northerly cantons of Switzerland. It comprises the lower course of the river Aare, which is why the canton is called Aar-gau .-History:...
in Switzerland
Switzerland
Switzerland name of one of the Swiss cantons. ; ; ; or ), in its full name the Swiss Confederation , is a federal republic consisting of 26 cantons, with Bern as the seat of the federal authorities. The country is situated in Western Europe,Or Central Europe depending on the definition....
.
Geography
The municipality lies at the foot of the Bruggerberg and the Reinerberg, the southeast foothills of the Jura MountainsJura mountains
The Jura Mountains are a small mountain range located north of the Alps, separating the Rhine and Rhone rivers and forming part of the watershed of each...
.
It consists of three villages, Rüfenach, Hinterrein, and Vorderrein. The latter two were part of an independent municipality called Rein until 1898.. Rüfenach lies furthest west in the middle of a flat plain. Hinterrein is slightly higher and lies in the middle. Vorderrein is to the east on a marked hill. The east side of this hill falls sharply to the Aare. The difference in altitude is about 70 m (229.7 ft).
Rüfenach has an area, , of 4.17 square kilometres (1.6 sq mi). Of this area, 1.98 square kilometre (0.764482274013219 sq mi) or 47.5% is used for agricultural purposes, while 1.7 square kilometre (0.65637366960731 sq mi) or 40.8% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 0.48 square kilometre (0.185329036124417 sq mi) or 11.5% is settled (buildings or roads), 0.02 km² (4.9 acre) or 0.5% is either rivers or lakes.
Of the built up area, housing and buildings made up 4.8% and transportation infrastructure made up 5.8%. 40.0% of the total land area is heavily forested. Of the agricultural land, 35.7% is used for growing crops and 8.2% is pastures, while 3.6% is used for orchards or vine crops. All the water in the municipality is in rivers and streams. The highest point, the Reinerberg, lies at 522 m (1,712.6 ft) in altitude, and the lowest in Vorderrein on the Aare at 325 m (1,066.3 ft).
Neighboring municipalities are Villigen
Villigen
Villigen is a municipality in the district of Brugg in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland. In January 2006, Villigen incorporated the former municipality of Stilli....
to the north and northeast, Brugg
Brugg
Brugg or Brügg may refer to the following places:* In Switzerland:** Brugg, Aargau, in the Canton of Aargau*** FC Brugg, a Swiss football club, from the town of Brugg in Canton Aargau...
to the southeast, Riniken
Riniken
Riniken is a municipality in the district of Brugg in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.-History:While Iberg Castle was built in the 11th Century and abandoned in 1200, the village of Riniken is first mentioned in 1253 as Rinikon. The rights to high justice were held by the Habsburgs until 1460,...
to the southwest, and Remigen
Remigen
Remigen is a municipality in the district of Brugg in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.-History:Already in Roman times the road between Augusta Raurica and Vindonissa led over the Bözberg, although it was further north than the present-day route, from Effingen via Remigen to Stilli...
to the northwest.
History
Since the 8th century, Rein was the center of a court, that belonged to the cloister of MurbachMurbach Abbey
Murbach Abbey was a famous Benedictine monastery in Murbach, southern Alsace, in a valley at the foot of the Grand Ballon in the Vosges.The monastery was founded in 727 by Eberhard, Count of Alsace, and established as a Benedictine house by Saint Pirmin. Its territory once comprised 3 towns and 30...
in Alsace
Alsace
Alsace is the fifth-smallest of the 27 regions of France in land area , and the smallest in metropolitan France. It is also the seventh-most densely populated region in France and third most densely populated region in metropolitan France, with ca. 220 inhabitants per km²...
. It also included Rüfenach, Lauffohr, Remigen, Stilli, and Villigen. Rüfenach is first mentioned around 1227-34 as Rufinach.
In the 13th century, the Habsburg
Habsburg
The House of Habsburg , also found as Hapsburg, and also known as House of Austria is one of the most important royal houses of Europe and is best known for being an origin of all of the formally elected Holy Roman Emperors between 1438 and 1740, as well as rulers of the Austrian Empire and...
s exerted their power in the region. King Rudolph I of Habsburg bought Rein in 1291. In 1345, Queen Agnes of Hungary gave Rein to the cloister of Wittichen im Kinzigtal in the Black Forest
Black Forest
The Black Forest is a wooded mountain range in Baden-Württemberg, southwestern Germany. It is bordered by the Rhine valley to the west and south. The highest peak is the Feldberg with an elevation of 1,493 metres ....
.
When the city of Bern conquered the area west of the Aare in 1460, the rights of the cloister were not affected. However, the arrival of the Reformation
Protestant Reformation
The Protestant Reformation was a 16th-century split within Western Christianity initiated by Martin Luther, John Calvin and other early Protestants. The efforts of the self-described "reformers", who objected to the doctrines, rituals and ecclesiastical structure of the Roman Catholic Church, led...
in 1528 did have a great effect. In 1544, the cloister sold Rein to Count Hartmann von Hallwyl. Between 1588 and 1599, the city of Brugg gained control of two thirds of the territory, and the city of Bern the other third.
In March of 1798, conquered Switzerland and declared the Helvetic Republic
Helvetic Republic
In Swiss history, the Helvetic Republic represented an early attempt to impose a central authority over Switzerland, which until then consisted mainly of self-governing cantons united by a loose military alliance, and conquered territories such as Vaud...
. Rein became part of the new canton of Aargau. In 1799, the front line between the two coalitions in the Napoleonic Wars
Napoleonic Wars
The Napoleonic Wars were a series of wars declared against Napoleon's French Empire by opposing coalitions that ran from 1803 to 1815. As a continuation of the wars sparked by the French Revolution of 1789, they revolutionised European armies and played out on an unprecedented scale, mainly due to...
ran right down the center of the valley of the Aare. There were many French military camps in the region. The villagers suffered greatly from requisitions and plundering.
In 1803, Rein was dissolved, and the single villages were made independent municipalities. About a hundred years later, the canton actively promoted a policy of fusion, and Rein was combined with Rüfenach. The people of Rein resisted, but with no success. Although they took the case to the highest court, the two municipalities were united on January 1, 1898.
Until well into the 20th century, Rüfenach and Rein remained agricultural villages. In the 1960s, much construction was undertaken, and the population more than doubled.
Architecture
The church that was once the central point of the municipality dates from the 9th century and has romanesqueRomanesque architecture
Romanesque architecture is an architectural style of Medieval Europe characterised by semi-circular arches. There is no consensus for the beginning date of the Romanesque architecture, with proposals ranging from the 6th to the 10th century. It developed in the 12th century into the Gothic style,...
and gothic
Gothic architecture
Gothic architecture is a style of architecture that flourished during the high and late medieval period. It evolved from Romanesque architecture and was succeeded by Renaissance architecture....
elements. It had to be razed in 1863 because it was no longer safe. In its place, a new church was built in 1864 designed by the Zürich
Zürich
Zurich is the largest city in Switzerland and the capital of the canton of Zurich. It is located in central Switzerland at the northwestern tip of Lake Zurich...
architect, Johann Kaspar Wolf.
In 1814 the textile industrialist Johann Heinrich Meyer founded an orphanage and poorhouse. The building, which is in classical style, became part of the cantonal psychiatric hospital in 1947.
Demographics
Rüfenach has a population of , 10.2% of the population are foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years (1997–2007) the population has changed at a rate of 23.6%. Most of the population speaks German (94.9%), with Portuguese being second most common ( 1.1%) and Albanian being third ( 1.1%).The age distribution, , in Rüfenach is; 81 children or 9.3% of the population are between 0 and 9 years old and 142 teenagers or 16.3% are between 10 and 19. Of the adult population, 95 people or 10.9% of the population are between 20 and 29 years old. 94 people or 10.8% are between 30 and 39, 171 people or 19.7% are between 40 and 49, and 128 people or 14.7% are between 50 and 59. The senior population distribution is 99 people or 11.4% of the population are between 60 and 69 years old, 39 people or 4.5% are between 70 and 79, there are 17 people or 2.0% who are between 80 and 89,and there are 3 people or 0.3% who are 90 and older.
the average number of residents per living room was 0.59 which is about equal to the cantonal average of 0.57 per room. In this case, a room is defined as space of a housing unit of at least 4 m² (43.1 sq ft) as normal bedrooms, dining rooms, living rooms, kitchens and habitable cellars and attics. About 68.9% of the total households were owner occupied, or in other words did not pay rent (though they may have a mortgage
Mortgage loan
A mortgage loan is a loan secured by real property through the use of a mortgage note which evidences the existence of the loan and the encumbrance of that realty through the granting of a mortgage which secures the loan...
or a rent-to-own agreement).
, there were 16 homes with 1 or 2 persons in the household, 113 homes with 3 or 4 persons in the household, and 122 homes with 5 or more persons in the household. The average number of people per household was 2.75 individuals. there were 210 single family homes (or 62.1% of the total) out of a total of 338 homes and apartments. There were a total of 4 empty apartments for a 1.2% vacancy rate. , the construction rate of new housing units was 10.7 new units per 1000 residents.
In the 2007 federal election
Swiss federal election, 2007
Elections to the Swiss Federal Assembly, the federal parliament of Switzerland, were held on Sunday, 21 October 2007. In a few cantons, a second round of the elections to the Council of States was held on 11 November, 18 November, and 25 November 2007...
the most popular party was the SVP
Swiss People's Party
The Swiss People's Party , also known as the Democratic Union of the Centre , is a conservative political party in Switzerland. Chaired by Toni Brunner, but spearheaded by Christoph Blocher, the party is the largest party in the Federal Assembly, with 58 members of the National Council and 6 of...
which received 36.7% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the SP
Social Democratic Party of Switzerland
The Social Democratic Party of Switzerland is the largest centre-left political party in Switzerland....
(17.2%), the FDP
Free Democratic Party of Switzerland
The Free Democratic Party was a classical liberal political party in Switzerland. It was one of the major parties in Switzerland until its merger with the smaller classical liberal Liberal Party, to form FDP.The Liberals on 1 January 2009....
(13.4%) and the CVP
Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland
The Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland is a Christian democratic political party in Switzerland. It is the fourth-largest party in the National Council, with 31 seats, and the largest in the Council of States, with 15 seats. It has one seat, that of Doris Leuthard, on the Swiss...
(12.4%).
In Rüfenach about 81.6% of the population (between age 25-64) have completed either non-mandatory upper secondary education or additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule
Fachhochschule
A Fachhochschule or University of Applied Sciences is a German type of tertiary education institution, sometimes specialized in certain topical areas . Fachhochschulen were founded in Germany and later adopted by Austria, Liechtenstein, Switzerland and Greece...
). Of the school age population , there are 90 students attending primary school, there are 127 students attending secondary school in the municipality.
The historical population is given in the following table:
| year | population |
|---|---|
| 1764 | 124 |
| 1888 | 276 |
| 1900 | 266 |
| 1950 | 272 |
| 2000 | 727 |
Economy
, Rüfenach had an unemployment rate of 1.84%. , there were 55 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 17 businesses involved in this sector. 3 people are employed in the secondary sector and there are 2 businesses in this sector. 105 people are employed in the tertiary sector, with 18 businesses in this sector.there was a total of 386 workers who lived in the municipality. Of these, 292 or about 75.6% of the residents worked outside Rüfenach while 90 people commuted into the municipality for work. There were a total of 184 jobs (of at least 6 hours per week) in the municipality. Of the working population, 14.6% used public transportation to get to work, and 49.9% used a private car.
Religion
From the , 210 or 28.9% were Roman Catholic, while 397 or 54.6% belonged to the Swiss Reformed ChurchSwiss Reformed Church
The Reformed branch of Protestantism in Switzerland was started in Zürich by Huldrych Zwingli and spread within a few years to Basel , Bern , St...
. Of the rest of the population, there were 3 individuals (or about 0.41% of the population) who belonged to the Christian Catholic
Christian Catholic Church of Switzerland
The Christian Catholic Church of Switzerland is the Swiss member church of the Union of Utrecht, also known as Old Catholic Church, originally founded by the jansenists, with a later influx of discontented Catholics following their disappointment with the First Vatican Council. It has 14,000...
faith.
Transportation
The main highway from StilliStilli
Stilli is a former municipality of the canton of Aargau, Switzerland. On 1 January 2006, it merged with its neighbouring municipality, Villigen.-Economy:...
to Remigen and Laufenburg
Laufenburg
- Places :* Laufenburg, Germany* Laufenburg, Switzerland* Laufenburg District, a district of the canton of Aargau, Switzerland...
runs about 100 m north of the municipality. The post bus line from Brugg to Mönthal
Mönthal
Mönthal is a municipality in the district of Brugg in canton of Aargau in Switzerland.-History:Originally it was a fortified late Bronze Age hilltop settlement. Additionally, a Roman bronze figure was discovered in the village. During the High Middle Ages there were a number of small settlements...
provides it with public transportation.